共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
1.
2.
河流水质分析的状态方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
考虑弥散时Streeter-Phelps一维稳态河流水质模型解析解难以得到,在计算BOD和溶解氧浓度时,很多文献在计算表达式右端都含有未知的弥散系数D=Os-O。作者通过对上述方法研究结果表明:这种处理方法在计算BOD和溶解氧浓度时有较大的误差,本文给出了考虑弥散时Streeter-Phelps一维稳态河流水质的状态空间模型,该状态方程可以用多种微分方程数值计算方法(如龙格一库塔)求解,仿真结果表明,该方法不仅可以进一步提高BOD的计算精度,也可以改善溶解氧浓度计算结果的准确性。 相似文献
3.
4.
利用竹丝填料作为生物载体而组建的接触氧化工艺对高浓度难降解水质和低C/N水质的脱氮特性进行了研究.结果表明,当进水COD为804~5100mg/L,BOD为45.0~1100mg/L,BOD/COD为0.01~0.46的情况下,TN去除率为26.6%~96.95%,出水BOD/COD为0.07~0.75;当COD为98~251mg/L,TN为28.0~105.1mg/L,COD/TN为1.6~4.6时,TN去除率为4.94%~48.8%,说明竹丝填料接触氧化工艺在高浓度难降解水质和低C/N比水质条件下具有很好的脱氮效果,但竹子囊腔内的竹汁会使系统脱氮效果波动;对反应器内的主要菌群的分布特征研究发现,在处理高浓度难降解水质过程中,进、出口处细菌浓度相当;而在处理低C/N水质过程中,细菌、硝化细菌主要分布在反应器的进口处,反硝化细菌沿程均匀分布. 相似文献
5.
多河段BOD—DO模拟信息系统研制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用一维稳态多河段BOD—D0模型,运用Visual Basic语言编制了河流水质污染预测模拟信息系统,对滏阳河进行了水质污染模拟预测。 相似文献
6.
大冶湖2000-2009年地表水质评价及污染趋势预测 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
对大冶湖三部分水体2000-2009年的地表水水质监测数据进行分析,采用水质标识指数法对大冶湖水质进行评价;并依据灰色系统理论,建立灰色预测数学模型,通过已有的监测数据对模型进行精度检验,验证了该模型的准确性及有效性,运用该模型对大冶湖未来5年水质变化趋势进行预测。结果表明:(1)2000-2009年三里七湖,内湖COD、BOD5、NH3-N和TP浓度均超出水质保护标准限值,外湖4项污染指标部分年份超标,其中,三里七湖水质最差,在2004、2005和2008 3个年份实际水质类别为劣Ⅴ类;(2)灰色模型预测结果表明,3个主要水体主要污染物:COD、BOD5、NH3-N和TP浓度基本呈上升趋势,仅三里七湖的TP、BOD5和外湖的NH3-N存在小幅下降。此预测结果对大冶湖水污染控制规划、污染物总量削减及湖泊保护等工作提供依据。 相似文献
7.
不同数学模型在地表水环境影响评价中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用一维数值解和二维解析解两种方法对某河段25km长区域的COD浓度进行现状模拟。主要结论为:两种方法对中山桥断面的水质模拟效果都不错,但两种方法又各有优缺点。一维数值解法求解过程是动态的,能更形象的模拟污染物浓度的迁移转化,但却损失了断面上的浓度变化细节。二维累积流量法对污染物浓度迁移转化的模拟精度大大高于一维模型,但求解过程是静态的,且需要的数据也多于一维模型。 相似文献
8.
9.
采用EFDC水动力-水质模型对咸宁核电站低放射性废水在封闭型水体富水水库中的输移过程进行了数值模拟,重点分析了富水水库在不利来水条件下(97%保证率),4台机组同时运行时,低放射性废水中6种不同半衰期核素在水库中的浓度分布情况.结果表明,低放射性废水浓度的分布主要受水库流场分布的影响,浓度变化主要受核素半衰期及来水量多寡的影响;同时,随着核素半衰期的延长,低放射性废水在水库中的影响范围逐渐增大,当半衰期延长到5 a以上时,影响范围趋于稳定;此外,由于水库流场流向下游的大坝处,排水口的水流很难回流到上游的取水口处,因此取水口处的水质不受下排水口低放射性物质回流的影响. 相似文献
10.
11.
通过对滇池进行全湖集中采样和分析,揭示了滇池水体五日生化需氧量(BOD5)和高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)的空间变化规律.BOD5和CODMn变化范围分别是2.3~7.9mg/L,5.1~15.4mg/L,BOD5平均值草海(5.9mg/L)高于外海(5.1mg/L)CODMn平均值外海(10.17mg/L)高于草海(8.67mg/L),2个指标在入河口水域都相对较高.水平方向上,BOD5变化特点是南北高,中间低,西部高,东部低.垂直方向向上BOD5随水深增加递减.而CODMn的高值区域主要出现在草海和外海海埂、盘龙江、大青河入湖口水域、西部观音水域以及东北部宝象河、东部梁王河和捞鱼河入湖口水域、东南柴河入湖口水域.垂直方向上,从表层到水-沉积物界面水体,其CODMn都呈增加趋势.随着工业点源污染的控制,城市生活污水的排入和面源有机污染物的输入以及内源释放是决定滇池BOD5和CODMn空间变化的主要原因. 相似文献
12.
13.
本文基于导出的河流水质系统随机状态空间模型,提出了以能够即时测定的DO浓度实时估计不易测定的BOD浓度的塔穆勒滤波方法。通过仿真实例,证明了该滤波方法能在较大范围内适用于河流水质系统的状态估计,用DO估计BOD是可行的。 相似文献
14.
Yoshiaki Tsuzuki Masato Fujii Yasuo Mochihar Kouki Matsu Minoru Yoneda 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2010,22(6):892-897
The first social experiment program in Japan to reduce domestic wastewater pollutant discharge by “soft interventions” in households
has been conducted in the Yamato-gawa River drainage area since 2005. The Yamato-gawa River has been listed as one of the worst
water quality rivers in Japan because of the larger annual average BOD. “Hard interventions” including deployment of wastewater
treatment facilities and artificial installation of natural purification facilities in the river has been conducted in these years to improve
river water quality. At the first Yamato-gawa River social experiment program (YR-SEP) in March 2005, BOD at the monitoring point
near the river mouth decreased about 6% during the Program. Natural purification e ect along the river was evaluated in this article
with one-dimensional water quality model for the six river sections. Larger biological oxygen consumption rate, kb, was estimated in
the sections with artificially installed natural purification facilities. The e ect of “soft interventions” in households in the YR-SEP was
estimated as 25% BOD decrease in the nearest monitoring point to the river mouth, when all the households participate in the Program
and BOD discharge reduction rate with “soft interventions” in households was 40%. 相似文献
15.
河流中BOD-DO动态的数学模拟方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文讨论了河流中BOD—DO动态的数学模拟方法,并将该方法应用于图们江,利用在图们江上取得的实测数据建立了江中BOD—DO动态的数学模型。在所得到的模型中,耗氧系数κ_1,复氧系数κ_2,BOD沉淀-再悬浮系数κ_3被表达为流量与水温的函数。表达式中的参数通过系统识别与参数估计方法确定,因此能较好地反映河流的地理环境特点。特别是κ_3的表达式,它以流量为自变量,用一个单一的解析函数同时描述了江中的沉淀与再悬浮现象,具有独创性。 本文所提出的BOD—DO动态模型可以做为图们江水质规划与管理的基础。 相似文献
16.
微生物与植物在河道模型中的黑臭水治理效果 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
针对我国河道黑臭现象严重的现实问题,为了给黑臭河道的治理提供更为可靠的参考依据,试验在大型自然河道模型中,比较了2种微生物菌株(投加剂量为:光合细菌P9,8.0×105个/mL;根际杆菌No.2,2.0×104个/mL)和3种水生植物(投加剂量为美人蕉30棵,水葫芦40棵及浮萍2 m2)对30 t流动的模拟黑臭水的处理效果。结果表明,单独使用微生物和联合使用微生物及水生植物均能取得相似的结果,至第8天时,COD、黑度、臭度的去除率均超过55%,BOD的去除率超过40%,氨氮的去除率超过30%,溶解氧提高至超过3.5 mg/L。上述结果说明,相对于水生植物而言,微生物处理黑臭水效果更为明显:微生物菌株能够通过加速黑臭水中有机物的降解,从而提高溶解氧浓度,并大幅度改善水体黑臭状态。 相似文献
17.
WANG Zhi-gang LIU Wen-qing ZHAO Nan-jing LI Hong-bin ZHANG Yu-jun SI-MA Wei-cang LIU Jian-guo 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(7):787-791
Taihu Lake is one of the five biggest lakes in China. Surface water samples from 26 sampling sites of Taihu Lake were collected. Furthermore wet chemical analysis (CODCr and BOD5) and measurement of three dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3DEEM) spectra in the laboratory have been conducted. Using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model, three components of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) have been identified successfully, based on the analysis of 3DEEM data. The characteristics of the three components also have been described by comparing them to some components of CDOM, identified in earlier researches. Meanwhile, spatial variations of concentration for the three components in Taihu Lake have been analyzed, and the result indicates that the concentration of component 1 depends more on the situation of wastewater pollution and can be used as the indicator of wastewater pollution. The relationship between the concentrations of the three components and results of the wet chemical analysis show that none of the three components can be used as indicators of gross organic matter in water. However, the concentrations of all the three components have obvious linear relationships with the BOD5 value, especially for component 1 (r = 0.72878). Finally, the potential applications of the composition analysis based on 3DEEM and PARAFAC model in water quality monitoring have been illuminated. 相似文献
18.
WANG Zhi-gang LIU Wen-qing ZHAO Nan-jing LI Hong-bin ZHANG Yu-jun SI-MA Wei-cang LIU Jian-guo . School of Earth Space Science University of Science Technology of China Hefei China. . Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics Technology Anhui Institute of Optics Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei China 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,(7)
Taihu Lake is one of the five biggest lakes in China. Surface water samples from 26 sampling sites of Taihu Lake were collected. Furthermore wet chemical analysis (CODCr and BOD5) and measurement of three dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3DEEM) spectra in the laboratory have been conducted. Using parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model, three components of colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) have been identified successfully, based on the analysis of 3DEEM data. The characteristics of the three components also have been described by comparing them to some components of CDOM, identified in earlier researches. Meanwhile, spatial variations of concentration for the three components in Taihu Lake have been analyzed, and the result indicates that the concentration of component 1 depends more on the situation of wastewater pollution and can be used as the indicator of wastewater pollution. The relationship between the concentrations of the three components and results of the wet chemical analysis show that none of the three components can be used as indicators of gross organic matter in water. However, the concentrations of all the three components have obvious linear relationships with the BOD5 value, especially for component 1 (r=0.72878). Finally, the potential applications of the composition analysis based on 3DEEM and PARAFAC model in water quality monitoring have been illuminated. 相似文献
19.
根据成都市江安河武侯区段2010年11月-2011年3月的水质监测数据,结合中国地表水环境质量标准(GB3838-2002)和四川省实际确定水体中各污染物因子的本底浓度对该区段污水处理环境效益进行了分析。首先通过污染经济损失模型计算COD、BOD5、NH3-N、TP、SS和硫化物对水经济价值的损失率,然后在讨论COD、NH3-N、TP和硫化物减排情况的基础上计算了各种污染指标减排至达标后所产生的环境经济效益。研究结果表明,江安河武侯区段水体污染的综合污染损失率高达99.99%,如果各种污染物减排达标至IV类标准产生的环境经济效益14 912万元人民币/a,而减排达标至III类标准产生的环境经济效益更是高达15 786万元人民币/a。 相似文献