磁种和磁处理技术在废水处理中的应用

综述了微细粒磁性颗粒（磁种）在水中对许多污染物具有吸附和絮凝作用，用一些物理和化学方法可使其作用范围扩大。吸附剂与磁咱结合细菌吸附磁性离子等手段可实现加种，磁种作用与磁处理工艺相结合，扩大了磁场处理废水的范围，提高了废水处理的技术经济效益。     

Do geomagnetic storms change the behaviour of the stingless bee guiruçu (Schwarziana quadripunctata)?

Six behavioural experiments were carried out to investigate the magnetic field effects on the nest-exiting flight directions of the honeybee Schwarziana quadripunctata (Meliponini). No significant differences resulted during six experiment days under varying geomagnetic field and the applied static inhomogeneous field (about ten times the geomagnetic field) conditions. A surprising statistically significant response was obtained on a unique magnetic storm day. The magnetic nanoparticles in these bees, revealed by ferromagnetic resonance, could be involved in the observed effect of the geomagnetic storm.     

微生物磁效应及其强化废/污水生物处理的研究进展

介绍了微生物磁效应的现象、原理及其在强化废/污水生物处理过程应用的研究进展,包括磁场对微生物运动、微生物生长、微生物酶活力以及对活性污泥法或生物接触氧化法处理废/污水过程的影响。提出生物亲和亲水磁性填料以及磁粉的合理运用,可能是实现微生物磁效应在废/污水生物处理中应用的有效途径。     

磁化技术对活性炭吸附有机物影响的机理探讨

在有无磁场的条件下，做活性炭吸附有机物的对比实验，从苯、苯酚、氯苯，硝基苯和苯甲酸5种有机物的吸附等温线及其Langmuir吸附等温式的拟和情况可见，一定磁场条件下的预磁处理并不改变活性炭吸附这几种有机物的吸附类型，但会在磁处理而破坏水的结构，增大水的极性，增大水的极性，从而依物质的极性大小改变吸附容量的大小，增大增场的强度能加强苯和苯甲酸的磁处理效果。     

Homing pigeons (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Columba livia</Emphasis> f. <Emphasis Type="Italic">domestica</Emphasis>) can use magnetic cues for locating food

An experimental group of homing pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica) learned to associate food with a magnetic anomaly produced by bar magnets that were fixed to the bowl in which they received their daily food ration in their home loft; the control group lacked this experience. Both groups were trained to search for two hidden food depots in a rectangular sand-filled arena without obvious visual cues; for the experimental birds, these depots were also marked with three 1.15 × 10⁶ μT bar magnets. During the tests, there were two food depots, one marked with the magnets, the other unmarked; their position within the arena was changed from test to test. The experimental birds searched within 10 cm of the magnetically marked depot in 49% of the test sessions, whereas the control birds searched there in only 11% of the sessions. Both groups searched near the control depot in 11 and 13% of the sessions, respectively. The significant preference of the magnetically marked food depot by the experimental birds shows that homing pigeons cannot only detect a magnetic anomaly but can also use it as a cue for locating hidden food in an open arena.     

催化裂化催化剂的磁分离及再生回用技术的发展

重点介绍了国内外关于催化裂化平衡催化剂的化学再生方法（ＤＥＭＥＴ工艺）与物理分离方法（磁分离工艺）的机理、工艺及应用现状，提出了上述工艺在我国应用的前景及方向。     

利用铁粉与磁粉载体流化床反应器处理染料废水

研究了铁粉和磁粉为流化床载体,对模拟染料废水和实际染料废水进行处理,取得了不同实验条件下染料废水的脱色效果。结果表明,经铁粉处理30min后,其色度去除率达98%左右,实际染料废水的CODcr去除率为56%左右;经磁粉处理30min后,其色度去除率为95%左右,实际染料废水的CODcr去除率为34%。     

磁化除垢器在循环水系统的应用

介绍了利用磁化除垢、防垢法研制出的磁化除垢器的基本原理。此产品在工业、民用以及循环水，换热器、暖气、空调等系统上应用，取得了显著的效果。     

A 2.5-D interpretation of the Basque country magnetic anomaly (northern Spain): geodynamical implications

The Basque country magnetic anomaly follows a NW-SE trend over the Basque country (northern Spain) with intensities up to 250 nT measured at 3000 m above sea level. The paired negative part of the anomaly is located to the north and presents intensities down to −60 nT. A model of the magnetic properties of the crust in the area, taking into account previous geological and geophysical data, indicates a wedge of material with a magnetic susceptibility of 0.07 SI emplaced along a NE-directed basal thrust. The anomalous wedge is composed of basic and/or ultrabasic Cretaceous intrusives and lower crustal rocks, and reaches a minimum depth which increases towards the northwest from 5–7 to 12 km. According to previous works, geological features of the rocks on top of the anomalous wedge indicate that during the Cretaceous this zone constituted a deep marine environment which underwent important crustal thinning related to rifting. The transition towards the southwest was to a normal continental platform. Alpine deformation gave rise to displacement on a basal thrust, which can be correlated with the lower contact of the magnetic wedge, and emplacement of this wedge towards the northeast. The southeastern termination of the anomaly can be related to the lateral termination of the basic rocks which constitute the anomalous wedge in a transform fault related to the rifting event.     

环境磁学在城市污染研究中的应用

环境磁学是一门介于地学、磁学和环境科学之间的新兴边缘学科。在简要阐述环境磁学原理的基础上，集中介绍其在城市污染研究中的主要应用，包括环境污染指示、重金属污染监测、大气污染颗粒物来源及污染历史研究等。     

环境磁学在环境科学中的应用研究

综述了环境磁学发展进程中与环境问题的相互联系，以及磁学在气候、土壤、湖泊、生物和环境污染领域的广泛应用。分析了环境磁学进一步发展的研究方向。指出环境磁学以解决环境问题为主要目标。环境磁学方法所具有的样品用量少，灵敏度高，简便快速，非破坏性，费用低等特点，为研究环境问题提供了新途径和新方法。随着人类对环境问题的不断重视，利用环境磁学来追踪污染物的起源以及土壤，湖泊沉积物等物源将是环境磁学服务社会的重要内容。     

去离子水,自来水,城市污水磁处理实验研究

实验研究了外界磁场对水体（去离子水、自来水城市污水）理化性质的影响以及对城市污水ＣＯＤ浓度的影响。结果表明，水体的电导率、表面张力、蒸散发能力、透光度等理化性质会发生一定变化，变化大小与外界磁场强度腾；磁场强度变化，城市污水的ＣＯＤ去除率也随之变化。     

Modification of a magnetic carbon composite for ciprofloxacin adsorption

A magnetic carbon composite, Fe₃O₄/C composite, was fabricated by one-step hydrothermal synthesis, modified by heat treatment under an inert atmosphere (N₂), and then used as an adsorbent for ciprofloxacin (CIP) removal. Conditions for the modification were optimized according to the rate of CIP removal. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction measurements, vibrating-sample magnetometry, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and N₂ adsorption/desorption isotherm measurements. The results indicate that the modified adsorbent has substantial magnetism and has a large specific area, which favor CIP adsorption. The effects of solution pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, initial CIP concentration, ion strength, humic acid and solution temperature on CIP removal were also studied. Our results show that all of the above factors influence CIP removal. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm fits the adsorption process well, with the pseudo second-order model describing the adsorption kinetics accurately. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that adsorption is mainly physical adsorption. Recycling experiments revealed that the behavior of adsorbent is maintained after recycling for five times. Overall, the modified magnetic carbon composite is an efficient adsorbent for wastewater treatment.     

磁粉在一级强化混凝中的试验研究

在一级强化混凝实验的基础上.研究了磁粉的加入对强化混凝沉淀效果的影响,并确定出最佳温度的范围和最佳加药量.通过大量的试验证明了磁粉的加入对混凝沉淀有很强的促进作用,在一定程度上提高了出水的水质.     

Bitter coil design methodology for electromagnetic pulse metal processing techniques

Electromagnetic pulse metal processing techniques (EPMPT) such as welding, forming and cutting have proven to be an effective solution to specific manufacturing problems. A high pulse magnetic field coil is a critical part of these technologies and its design is a challenging task. This paper describes a Bitter coil design using a newly developed methodology for a simplified analytical calculation of the coil and complementary finite element models (FE) of different complexity. Based on the methodology a Belgian Welding Institute (BWI) Bitter coil has been designed and tested by means of short circuit experiments, impedance and B-field measurements. A good agreement between the calculated and the experimental design parameters was found.     

磁性絮凝剂处理景观生态水的实验条件探讨

研究了利用粉煤灰制成的磁性絮凝剂处理景观生态水的各种单因素实验,并且用正交实验的方法对该磁性絮凝剂处理景观生态水的实验条件进行了优化选择,研究了该磁性絮凝剂处理景观生态水的一般规律。实验结果表明,当操作条件为：投加量为200mg/L,搅拌时间为1min,搅拌速度为300r/min和磁吸附时间为1.5min时,取得最佳处理效果。在此实验条件下,景观生态水的COD、总P及氨氮的去除率分别可达76.15%、59.54%与53.36%。     

云天化粉煤灰的综合评价及利用建议

以云天化集团有限公司自备电厂为例,在该厂所排粉煤灰理化性能测试数据的基础上,进行了质量综合评价,并对其综合利用提出了初步建议:利用三、四电场的粉煤灰可作水泥活性混合材、制备低标号(≤325号)水泥和压浆材料I一、二电场的粉煤灰则可作混凝土和砂浆的掺和料、农用磁化肥等。通过努力,将云天化粉煤灰100％综合利用,并获良好的经济效益是完全可能的。     

磁在混凝处理废水中的应用研究

对磁强化混凝处理废水的净化方法进行研究，用地面水、印染废水和含油废水分别进行试验，结果表明：磁处理可以提高混凝去除浊度和非溶解性COD的效果，并对其机理进行探讨。     

Mechanistic insights into sequestration of U(VI) toward magnetic biochar: Batch, XPS and EXAFS techniques

The magnetic iron oxide(Fe_3O_4) nanoparticles stabilized on the biochar were synthesized by fast pyrolysis of Fe(II)-loaded hydrophyte biomass under N_2 conditions. The batch experiments showed that magnetic biochar presented a large removal capacity(54.35 mg/g)at pH 3.0 and 293 K. The reductive co-precipitation of U(VI) to U(IV) by magnetic biochar was demonstrated according to X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption near edge structure analysis. According to extended X-ray absorption fine structure analysis, the occurrence of U-Fe and U-U shells indicated that high effective removal of uranium was primarily inner-sphere coordination and then reductive co-precipitation at low pH. These observations provided the further understanding of uranium removal by magnetic materials in environmental remediation.     

Determining work-brush interface temperature in magnetic abrasive finishing process

Magnetic abrasive finishing (MAF) is a process in which the work surface is finished by removing the material in the form of micro chips by magnetic abrasive particles (MAPs) in the presence of magnetic field in the finishing zone. During the MAF process, the frictional heat is generated at the workpiece surface due to the rubbing action of magnetic abrasive particles with the work surface. The order of temperature rise is important to study, as finishing mechanism and surface integrity of work materials depend upon it. The measurement of temperature distribution during MAF operation at the interface of work piece and flexible magnetic abrasive brush (FMAB) interface is difficult. In the present analysis, finite element based ANSYS software has been used to model and simulate magnetic field distribution, magnetic pressure and temperature distribution at work-brush interface during the process. In this work the maximum magnetic flux density has been simulated of the order of 0.223 T at 0.91 A of current in electromagnet coil. Magnetic pressure on MAPs due to magnetic field of electromagnetic coil has been calculated to evaluate the frictional heat flux generated at the work-brush interface. Transient thermal analysis of workpiece domain has been performed to predict the temperature rise due to frictional heat flux. The predicted temperature on work-brush interface was found in the range of 34–51 °C. The developed simulation results based on FEA have been validated with experimental findings.