共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 390 毫秒
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以互联网为媒介,加大农业科技的有效投入对于提高农业生态效率、实现农业可持续发展意义重大。将农业科技投入与农村互联网使用纳入理论分析框架,在分析农业科技投入对农业生态效率作用的基础上,探讨了农村互联网使用在农业科技投入影响农业生态效率方面发挥的潜在作用。结果表明:(1)农业R&D支出和农业R&D人员数量对农业生态效率有显著的正向作用,而农业财政支出对农业生态效率提升的支撑度不够。(2)农村互联网使用不仅对农业生态效率有显著的正向作用,且在农业科技投入与农业生态效率间发挥着部分中介和调节作用。(3)农村互联网使用的中介效应和调节效应方面粮食主产区均高于非粮食主产区,从农业科技投入的规模来看,农业科技投入的差异也会对农业生态效率产生不同的影响。 相似文献
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在分析科技投入体系的构成及环保科技投入的衡量指标基础上,研究政府和企业分别在环保产业科技投入体制中的机制;结论显示:必须强调企业科技投入的主体作用,并发挥其纽带作用;政府直接支持的科技投入具有杠杆作用,能够支持、引导和鼓励环保企业的研发投入。 相似文献
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《资源开发与市场》2017,(11)
以中国高科技上市公司2009—2015年面板数据为样本,就金融发展和融资渠道对我国企业研发投入的影响进行了实证研究。研究发现:(1)总体上看,我国高科技上市公司企业研发活动存在融资约束问题,金融发展可提高企业研发投入,且企业研发投入不依赖于股权融资而依赖于商业信用融资。(2)分地区看,东部地区的金融发展提高了企业研发投入,而中西部地区的金融发展与企业研发投入不相关。在东部和中西部地区,股权融资会降低企业研发投入,即在东部和中西部地区企业研发投入不依赖于股权融资。(3)从所有权性质看,在国有控股公司中,金融发展与企业研发投入不存在显著关系,国有企业的研发投入依赖于商业信用融资;但在私人控股公司中,金融发展会显著提高企业研发投入,非国有企业的研发投入不依赖于股权融资。从缓解企业研发投入的融资约束、增强高科技上市公司的企业研发投入角度,提出相关政策建议。 相似文献
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《环境保护与循环经济》2015,(3)
<正>在政府加强环境规制的大背景下,企业的研发投入行为及其对企业经营绩效的影响,是一个新的重要的研究课题。环境规制对企业研发投入有重要影响,并最终对企业经营绩效产生影响。一般认为,环境规制强度的增加会促进企业的研发投入和技术创新活动,但也有不[ 相似文献
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通过构建大中型工业企业研发能力与效率的评价指标体系,运用因子定权法,对河南省18个地市的大中型工业企业研发能力与效率区域差异进行了测度和分析。研究发现,河南省大中型工业企业研发能力与效率整体协调性差,部分地区研发能力的获取是以牺牲研发效率为代价的;自主创新支撑能力、资本投入、环境约束是影响河南省大中型工业企业研发能力与效率的关键因素,而人力资本投入权重相对较小,说明河南省大中型工业企业的研发软实力有待提高。 相似文献
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本文通过对四川省环境特点的分析与环境科技工作的回顾,提出四川省环境科技研究方向与任务的建议,与环境科技管理及研究人员共同研讨。 相似文献
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在对我国能源R&D强度分析的基础上,运用DEA理论的C^2R模型对我国能源产业及其5个行业2001--2010年的R&D经费投入、产出状况进行了实证分析。研究中用R&D经费存量值来代替当年的R&D经费值,得到各年的R&D经费配置的相对效率和规模收益情况,找出R&D经费配置配置存在的问题,有利于对我国能源R&D经费的投人产出结构进行分析,提出优化国家能源R&D经费配置的对策和建议。 相似文献
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针对环境科学的特点,立足于长远发展,从生态哲学角度分析了生态道德观对环境科学技术的重要价值。分析认为应用生态的观点来学习和研究环境科学,才能达到最大程度防治的目的;合理融入生态观念的环境治理技术有利于经济发展;生态道德观是环境科技工作者必备的品质和环境科学发展的动力。通过这三个方面的分析得出环境科学技术的发展必须以生态道德观为指导的结论。另外本文从纵向和横向分析了生态道德观在指导环境科学技术发展过程中存在的问题并提出了相应的措施和建议。 相似文献
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The communication of science to science users is evolving to an approach that translates knowledge to targeted audiences.
Under this evolution, knowledge brokers play an increasingly important role and users help ‘pull’ the required science to
meet a policy or management imperative. To do this effectively, more insight is required into the knowledge seeking behaviour
of science users and practitioners. The findings from a series of interviews that identify the science needs of Ontario’s
Conservation Authorities (CAs) are presented. Results indicate that emerging functions, such as source water protection and
integrated water resource planning, require more science input than mature functions. Senior CA officials view personal communication
with their knowledgeable staff as the most used, accessible, trustworthy, relevant, shared, and preferable source of science
information. While the internet and media were considered highly accessible, they were not viewed as trustworthy. We found
no relationship between CA size and science use. Further research is needed to identify where junior and intermediate CA staff
obtain their science knowledge from and whether this varies as a function of CA size. Our findings will be of interest to
both policy/program communities and science providers. 相似文献
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While science advances technology, it is also true that technology advances science. Thus, the two bodies of knowledge are increasingly recognized as interdependent. Nonetheless, recent advances in information communication technology (ICT), in particular, may have profound implications for the norms by which science is conducted. For example, treatment of data will increasingly be in terms of probability distributions, rather than as point estimates, because the cost of computation is now so low that more robust approaches to treatment of uncertainty are within the grasp of normal science. Perhaps more importantly, the techniques by which scientists collaborate, communicate, and curate science are undergoing a rare period of rapid change. The papers in this special section exemplify the evolution of the relationship between technology and science in these two important ways: (1) treatment of data uncertainties and (2) participation in novel methods of publication and review. The latter was fostered by the 2016 meeting of the International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technologies (ISSST), at which all of the papers in this special section were presented. This editorial summarizes some of the trends in ICT that are the subject of experimentation in ISSST and introduces the idea that scientific societies in the information age are more likely to take the form of a network than they are likely to look like the societies of the last several centuries. 相似文献
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People spend most of their time indoors, where air pollution levels rival and often exceed those outdoors for a number of important pollutants. Yet, little is known about people’s knowledge of indoor environmental hazards. The purpose of the current study was to construct a measure of indoor environmental knowledge. A set of 78 true/false items were developed with input from a panel of experts. The set of items was truncated with traditional item analyses, resulting in a reliable set of 21 items (α = .79). Concurrent validity was established by a significant correlation between the indoor environmental knowledge (IEK) scale and an established measure of science literacy (r = 0.44, p < .001). Schema theory guided the assumption that the two measures should be related. Convergent validity was established by the significant regression of science literacy, formal education in science and math, and status as an engineering student on IEK scale score, accounting for 25% of the variance in the IEK scale score. Future research avenues are proposed and limitations are discussed. 相似文献