Combustion,performance, and emission characteristics of diesel engine using oxyhydrogen gas as a fuel additive

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A lot of research is being carried out to reduce the environmental pollution resulting from compression ignition engines. For this, various gaseous...     

Effect of progressive drought stress on growth,leaf gas exchange,and antioxidant production in two maize cultivars

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Drought stress is one of the major environmental factors responsible for reduction in crop productivity. In the present study, responses of two maize...     

Vapour pressures, aqueous solubilities, Henry's law constants, partition coefficients between gas/water (Kgw), n-octanol/water (Kow) and gas/n-octanol (Kgo) of 106 polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDE)

Modelling the environmental fate of persistent organic pollutants like polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDE) requires the knowledge of a number of fundamental physico-chemical properties of these compounds. We report here the physico-chemical properties of 106 PCDEs, which are over 50% of all possible congeners. Vapour pressures P(OL), water solubilities S(H2O), and n-octanol/water partition coefficients K(OW) were determined with chromatographic methods. With these experimental data the Henry's law constants H, gas/water K(GW) and gas/n-octanol K(GO) partition coefficients were calculated. Vapour pressures and water solubilities and n-octanol/water partition coefficients of the PCDEs are close to those of similar groups of organochlorine compounds like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs). A similar environmental fate can be predicted and was partially already been observed.     

利用活性炭纤维有机废气吸附回收装置治理二氯甲烷废气

文章介绍了一种化工生产过程中排出的二氯甲烷废气的治理装置———活性炭纤维有机废气吸附回收装置和治理工艺。由于采用了优越的吸附材料和先进的工艺设计 ,使吸附回收率达 97%以上 ,收到了很好的环境效益和经济效益     

Preliminary investigation of greenhouse gas emissions from the environmental sector in Taiwan

The United Nations Framework Conventions on Climate Change (UNFCCC) asks their Parties to submit a National Inventory Report (NIR) for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on an annual basis. However, when many countries are quickly growing their economy, resulting in substantial GHG emissions, their inventory reporting systems either have not been established or been able to be linked to planning of mitigation measures at national administration levels. The present research was aimed to quantify the GHG emissions from an environmental sector in Taiwan and also to establish a linkage between the developed inventories and development of mitigation plans. The "environmental sector" consists of public service under jurisdiction of the Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration: landfilling, composting, waste transportation, wastewater treatment, night soil treatment, and solid waste incineration. The preliminary results were compared with that of the United States, Germany, Japan, United Kingdom, and Korea, considering the gaps in the scopes of the sectors. The GHG emissions from the Taiwanese environmental sector were mostly estimated by following the default methodology in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change guideline, except that of night soil treatment and waste transportation that were modified or newly developed. The GHG emissions from the environmental sectors in 2004 were 10,225 kilotons of CO2 equivalent (kt CO2 Eq.). Landfilling (48.86%), solid waste incineration (27%), and wastewater treatment (21.5%) were the major contributors. Methane was the most significant GHG (70.6%), followed by carbon dioxide (27.8%) and nitrous oxide (1.6%). In summary, the GHG emissions estimated for the environmental sector in Taiwan provided reasonable preliminary results that were consistent and comparable with the existing authorized data. On the basis of the inventory results and the comparisons with the other countries, recommendations of mitigation plans were made, including wastewater and solid waste recycling, methane recovery for energy, and waste reduction/sorting.     

An alternative method for predicting organic solute volatilization rates under gas and liquid turbulence

A method for predicting organic compound volatilization rates under turbulent liquid and gas conditions is developed. The reference compounds are classified according to their physico-chemical properties. The mass transfer coefficient (K(OL)) ratios for organic solutes to the reference compounds are constant for a wide range of environmental conditions, including liquid or air turbulence, or both at once. The obtained results indicate that when the environmental conditions are the same the determination of the volatilization rates is strongly dependent on the solute properties and the chemical structure. The presented method can more effectively estimate the volatilization rates of the solutes than the traditional one under various environmental conditions especially for low volatility solutes. The advantages and disadvantages of the traditional method are also discussed.     

Validating the effects of the environmental regulation compliance scale: evidence from the Nigerian oil and gas industry

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Growing environmental deterioration has caused many countries to tighten their environmental regulations across the globe. Recent studies show that...     

Agriculture,dairy and fishery farming practices and greenhouse gas emission footprint: a strategic appraisal for mitigation

Rising global population would force farmers to amplify food production substantially in upcoming 3–4 decades. The easiest way to increase grain production is through expanding cropping area by clearing uncultivated land. This is attained by permitting deadly loss of carbon (C) stocks, jeopardizing ecosystem biodiversity and deteriorating environmental quality. We aim to propose key agronomical tactics, livestock management strategy and advance approaches for aquaculture to increase productivity and simultaneously reduce the environmental impacts of farming sector. For this, we considered three major sectors of farming, i.e. agriculture, fishery and dairy. We collected literatures stating approaches or technologies that could reduce GHG emission from these sectors. Thereafter, we synthesized strategies or options that are more feasible and accessible for inclusion in farm sector to reduce GHG emission. Having comprehensively reviewed several publications, we propose potential strategies to reduce GHG emission. Agronomic practices like crop diversification, reducing summer fallow, soil organic carbon sequestration, tillage and crop residue management and inclusion of N2-fixing pulses in crop rotations are some of those. Livestock management through changing animals’ diets, optimal use of the gas produced from manures, frequent and complete manure removal from animal housing and aquaculture management strategies to improve fish health and improve feed conversion efficiency could reduce their GHG emission footprint too. Adapting of effective and economic practices GHG emission footprint reduction potential of farming sector could make farming sector a C neutral enterprise. To overcome the ecological, technological and institutional barriers, policy on trade, tax, grazing practice and GHG pricing should be implemented properly.     

钢渣脱除烧结烟气中二氧化硫的实验研究

通过对钢渣的分析,确定了其作为脱硫剂的可能性.从钢渣在不同操作条件下脱硫的实验研究看,钢渣能有效地脱除烟气中的SO2,在湿润状态、低流速条件下,微细钢渣的脱硫能力较强,钢渣作为脱硫剂使用将具有良好的经济效益和环境效益.     

电子束深度氧化烟气净化技术

介绍电子束烟气净化技术的特点 ,对传统电子束法与深度氧化法的反应原理、工艺流程进行了比较及分析 ,实验结果表明 ,电子束深度氧化烟气净化技术能耗低、可靠性高 ,是一种具有广阔工业应用前景的环保新技术。     

An overview on the enhanced gas condensate recovery with novel and green methods

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A consideration of the negative environmental aspects of fossil fuels has made natural gas the best choice to meet the human demand for energy. The...     

电子束半干法烟气净化技术

电子束烟气净化技术由于能够同时脱除烟气中的SO2 和NOx 而得到世界各国环保界的重视。传统的电子束烟气净化技术在工业应用中存在能耗高、副产品黏结严重、工作可靠性低等问题。新型电子束半干法烟气净化技术解决了传统工艺在工业化应用中存在的问题 ,可以在较小的辐照剂量下获得更为理想的烟气净化效果 ,提高了系统的工作可靠性 ,是一项工业应用前景十分广阔的环保技术。     

脱硫后净烟气携带浆液量监测的实验研究

在WFGD系统中,净烟气携带的浆液液滴引起后续设备的腐蚀堵塞,带来的景观污染问题影响周围居民的正常生活.为了精确量化脱硫后净烟气携带浆液量,提出了适用于环境监测专业的测试取样分析方法,并对该方法进行了讨论分析.实验结果表明:该方法的适用范围为净烟气浆液液滴含量在1.1 mg/Nm3以上,通过对取样分析关键环节的讨论分析...     

还原法二氧化硫脱除技术

介绍了催化还原法、CaS还原法、吸收还原法、碳还原法和生物还原法脱除烟气中二氧化硫技术的原理、特点以及研究和应用现状 ,指出了各种还原法脱除二氧化硫技术在工业应用中的限制因素和研究的方向。     

Environmental protection and energy efficiency improvement by using natural gas fuel in maritime transportation

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Emissions from vessels are a major environmental concern because of their impacts on the deterioration of the environment, especially global warming...     

普钙生产含氟尾气治理技术的应用

介绍了云南某化工厂年产3万t普钙含氟尾气治理工程的运行现状、工艺流程和设计参数,并根据使用效果进行分析总结,通过当地环保局12年的监测数据表明,该厂含氟尾气采用喷淋塔、喷杯塔和喷淋旋流板塔处理后,不仅尾气达标排放,还副产300 t/a氟硅酸钠,实现了环境效益和经济效益的双丰收.还根据12年来工程中出现的问题提出了改进的措施和建议,供普钙行业含氟尾气治理工程设计参考.     

Periodic characterization of alkyl-naphthalenes in stack gas and ambient air around a medical waste incinerator

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Due to the subtle occurrence of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) pollution from incinerators, it is seldom considered a...     

Removal of elemental mercury from flue gas using the magnetic attapulgite by Mn-Cu oxides modification

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Mercury pollution has become one of the most concerned environmental issues in the world because of its high toxicity, non-degradability, and...     

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and 'dioxin-like' PCBs in flue gas emissions from municipal waste management plants

The aim of this work is to give representative data on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDD), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) from stack gas emissions of an urban solid waste management plant which has to comply with the limit of 0.1 ng I-TEQ/Nm3. In particular, the study is focused on 29 target compounds, the seventeen 2,3,7,8-PCDDs/Fs, four non-ortho PCBs and eight mono-ortho PCBs which configure so-called 'dioxin-like' PCBs (DL-PCBs). To this end, emission measurements were performed during one year over the three operating combustion lines in a selected waste management plant. In general, accurate methodology allowed characterizing all target compounds in almost all the samples analyzed. In addition, a typical pattern for DL-PCBs is reported. The pattern presented PCB #118 to be the highest, nevertheless the figures demonstrated DL-PCBs contribution to the total TEQ around 3% being PCB #126 the most important congener due to its TEF of 0.1. Finally, remarkable differences were achieved in comparison with both environmental and biological samples such as soils, sediments, human milk or fish since these matrices may present DL-PCB contribution to the total TEQ up to 77%.     

生活垃圾填埋场不同填埋方式填埋气特性研究

对于国内外在传统的厌氧填埋和新型的准好氧填埋两种不同运行方式下对填埋气的特性研究作了简介。通过比较分析，传统的厌氧填埋结构中填埋气的甲烷含量比较高（40％～60％），而准好氧填埋中填埋气的甲烷含量只有10％～20％。对于中小型的填埋场，由于技术和成本的制约，建立准好氧填埋场，不仅有利于加快垃圾的稳定化进程，还可以减少甲烷的生成量，减轻对环境所造成的污染。