高寒地区夏季人工湿地污水处理除氮效果分析

针对青藏高原高寒缺氧气候条件下人工湿地污水处理技术应用与示范,文章分析了夏季不同温度条件下,潜流-表流型结构人工湿地污水处理中总氮和氨氮的去除效果及其影响因素。结果表明:7~9月,总氮去除率随时间推移先逐渐上升后逐渐下降,氨氮去除率随时间推移逐渐下降;潜流人工湿地单元总氮去除率与日平均气温显著正相关(p0.05),表面流人工湿地单元总氮去除率与日温差存在负相关性;表面流人工湿地单元及人工湿地系统氨氮去除率均与日最低气温和周平均气温显著正相关(p0.05)。     

太湖流域污水处理设施尾水深度脱氮除磷工艺

文章以太湖流域污水处理设施尾水为例,研究出"水质水量调节—垂直潜流人工湿地—水平潜流人工湿地"的尾水深度脱氮除磷工艺,在人工湿地中使用铝污泥复合填料,研究成果可为太湖流域污水处理设施的深度处理及提标改造提供关键技术支持。     

人工湿地处理葡北站生活污水的探索与应用

结合中国石油吐哈油田公司葡北站的实际情况及对该站生活污水水质进行分析,并对几种常用的污水生化处理工艺进行比较,确定选用三级潜流型人工湿地处理该站生活污水。文章介绍了三级潜流型人工湿地污水处理系统的工艺特点、运行、维护及效果。经分析论证,利用人工湿地处理分散站的小排量生活污水,十分经济且有效,以较低的成本,实现了生活污水的优质处理,产生较好的经济效益和社会效益。     

寒冷地区污水处理的人工湿地设计与运行

介绍了在寒冷地区(明尼苏达州)应用人工湿地技术进行污水处理，必须解决的隔离设计与运行问题。     

从潜流式人工湿地设计谈提高氮去除率方法的途径

从相关文献与实际工程来看,潜流式人工湿地对含氮污染物的去除效果与含碳污染物的去除比相对较弱。参考国内外大量文献资料,根据潜流式人工湿地的常规工艺和脱氮机理,本文总结并提出了一些提高污水氮去除率的方法。指出应根据具体的情况选择合适的植物和基质、通过工程措施和工艺组合、优化工艺设计及其他一些方法来创造脱氮所需环境,从而达到提高潜流式人工湿地氮去除率的目的。     

赣南新农村生活污水生态处理系统设计

采用潜流式人工湿地和稳定塘组合工艺,结合生态及景观建设进行了赣南新农村生活污水处理工程设计。该工程既处理了生活污水,又改善了生态环境,体现了污水处理与生态环境建设相结合的新理念,符合我国新农村建设发展的要求。     

人工湿地技术处理油田含油污水的应用

与传统污水处理工艺相比,人工湿地技术具有高效低耗、运行维护简便、对复杂含油污水净化效果良好等特点。文章综述了人工湿地技术处理油田含油污水的净化机理、净化效果、工艺流程及其工艺优势,为含油污水处理技术的研究提供借鉴和参考,对深入认识人工湿地净化机制亦具有一定意义。     

潜流湿地处理旅游区生活污水生产试验:以COD为例

以某大型潜流人工湿地污水处理工程为实验基地，对潜流人工湿地工艺进行生产研究，本文介绍其对COD的去除性能。该工程COD进水平均98mg／L，出水平均38mg／L，达到GB18918-2002中一级A排放标准。当单级湿地进水COD浓度小于80mg／L，两级串联湿地进水COD浓度小于100mg／L时，可使湿地出水浓度小于50mg／L。工艺类型上，下行流湿地优点突出、最为全面，优势明显。不同植物配置上，本生产实验条件下，一级湿地种植芦苇和芦竹去处效果接近，二级湿地不同植物优劣排序：灯芯草〉美人蕉〉香蒲〉水竹〉香根草。     

高效除氮菌在模拟潜流人工湿地中的应用

研究高效除氮菌的加入对模拟潜流人工湿地除污效果的影响。结果表明，除氮菌提高了污水中COD、氨氮及总磷的去除率，对COD的去除率可以提高10％左右，总磷最高可提高20％，试验三天，对氨氮的去除率也提高20％-30％。     

潜流人工湿地在景观水系水质维持中的应用

以上海金地格林世界高尔夫公园生态景观水体水质维持系统工程为例，探讨了建立以FILSYS潜流人工湿地工艺为核心的住宅区生态景观水体水质维持系统，以及FLSYS潜流人工湿地工艺的应用特点和效果，并对其经济效益进行了分析。     

WETLAND DESIGN METHODS FOR RESIDENTIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT1

ABSTRACT: Constructed wetlands have recently gained popularity as an alternative method for wastewater treatment. This paper compares two design methodologies currently used for constructed wetlands; Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) methods. A discussion of parameters for both methods is given and a wetland treatment system is designed for an individual residence with typical BOD5 loads and flow rates. Calculation results revealed significant discrepancies in the required constructed wetlands volume, and thus detention time, stemming from inherent differences in the design methodologies. The EPA method relies heavily on plug flow kinetics, and is therefore sensitive to changes in the reaction rate constant and media porosity. Conversely, TVA determines the surface area by sizing in accordance with a recommended hydraulic loading criterion and is affected only by the hydraulic flow rates. This study concluded that a constructed wetland is a viable option under design considerations that are not favorable for traditional on-site wastewater treatment methods. However, it is recommended that conservative values for flow and loading rates be assumed to assure complete treatment for either of the design methods.     

人工湿地污水处理系统工艺设计研究

本文阐述了人工湿地污水处理系统工艺设计的主要内容及存在的若干问题，提出了开展人工湿地工艺设计研究的一些设想。人工湿地工艺设计研究包括人工湿地基质构建、植物群落构建和人工湿地构造与工程参数三个方面。目前，由于在污染物净化机理、系统水力学和污染物降解动力学等方面认识不足，制约了人工湿地工艺设计水平的提高，因此，深入研究污染物净化机理、开展人工湿地基质与植物筛选与组合研究、创建适合植物生长的人工生境、优化水力学模型和污染物降解动力学模型．将有利于提高人工湿地工艺设计水平。     

塔里木油田克拉作业区利用人工湿地处理生活污水

利用土地处理系统进行油田生活污水的净化及应用技术,目前在国内尚未推广使用。结合塔里木油田克拉作业区的实际情况,从废水的资源化、生态建设意义和减缓风蚀等角度出发,阐明了人工湿地建设在干旱区的重要作用;从土壤和地下水环境质量及其变化趋势的角度,分析了利用人工湿地处理生活废水的可行性;并对其进行了相应的效益分析。经分析论证,人工湿地可以用于克拉作业区生活污水的深度处理,并在干旱荒漠区进行推广。     

复合人工湿地处理稠油废水研究

针对新疆油田稠油废水的水质特点,结合克拉玛依地区戈壁、荒漠地自然环境特征,研究建立油田废水人工湿地处理技术模式,设计"复合流人工湿地—兼(好)氧组合生物塘—生态滤池"(WPF)复合人工湿地系统,介绍WPF系统的工艺流程、结构设计,并进行了经济评估。     

人工湿地净化河道水质的研究进展

人工湿地是近年来国内外应用较多、发展较快的一种污水处理技术,本文从国内外人工湿地净化河水的技术应用出发,列举了人工湿地处理河水污染的效果和优势,并对湿地净化河水效率影响较大的湿地植物、填料、气候条件以及湿地构造4个因素进行了比较、分析和总结,最后对人工湿地净化河道水质进行了展望。     

几种潜流式人工湿地的工程应用与处理效果对比

通过对几种潜流式人工湿地工程实地应用研究与实时监测分析,结合四川眉山人工湿地示范工程长期运行处理情况,对四川省农村产生的生活污水在同等条件下的处理效果进行了比较研究,为探索适用于农村面源污染的控制方法及取得最优处理效果提供基础数据、理论和对策参考。     

组合人工湿地对化工园区尾水COD的去除及其模拟

采用组合人工湿地中试试验对工业园区污水厂尾水进行处理,研究了3种不同的水力负荷(10cm/d,20cm/d和25cm/d)下COD的去除,并用一级动力学模型对组合人工湿地及其各个湿地单元的COD的去除进行了模拟。结果表明组合人工湿地对COD的去除受水力负荷影响有限,去除率基本都在60%以上,系统出水COD浓度在40mg/L以下,并且夏季的去除效果最佳。对数学模拟的结果进行分析,发现一、二级潜流湿地对COD去除贡献较大,另外组合人工湿地系统对COD的去除效果也优于单个的湿地。系统最终出水中的COD模拟结果和实测值相接近,说明基于一级动力学模型的组合人工湿地数学模拟对实际运行有指导意义。     

Use of constructed wetland for the removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater

This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a continuous free surface flow wetland for removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewater, in Gadoon Amazai Industrial Estate (GAIE), Swabi, Pakistan. Industrial wastewater samples were collected from the in-let, out-let and all cells of the constructed wetland (CW) and analyzed for heavy metals such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr) and copper (Cu) using standard methods. Similarly, samples of aquatic macrophytes and sediments were also analyzed for selected heavy metals. Results indicate that the removal efficiencies of the CW for Pb, Cd, Fe, Ni, Cr, and Cu were 50%, 91.9%, 74.1%, 40.9%, 89%, and 48.3%, respectively. Furthermore, the performance of the CW was efficient enough to remove the heavy metals, particularly Cd, Fe, and Cu, from the industrial wastewater fed to it. However, it is suggested that the metal removal efficiency of the CW can be further enhanced by using proper management of vegetation and area expansion of the present CW.     

Effect of plant harvest on methane emission from two constructed wetlands designed for the treatment of wastewater

The emission of methane from two constructed wetlands [a free water surface flow system (FWS) and a subsurface flow system (SF)], constructed for the treatment of waste water, was evaluated at different sites inhabited by reeds (Phragmites communis), to test the effects of plant harvest. High methane emission was recorded immediately after harvesting in both wetlands. Several days after harvesting, the emission decreased in the FWS but remained high in the SF. The variation was significantly influenced by temperature, with lower emission and higher dissolved CH(4) in water occurring at lower temperatures. Both the emission and concentration of dissolved CH(4) were also influenced significantly by water quality, wetland design, level of stalk butt left above the water level, etc. The methane flux was explained on the basis of rizhospheric methanogenic and methanotrophic microbial populations. FISH analysis indicated the presence of Type A and Type B methanotrophs in both wetlands, and the methane flux was directly influenced by the quantitative variation in methanogenic and methanotrophic bacteria in both wetlands.