遵照循环经济思想促进废旧家电回收利用

我国已进入家用电器报废高峰期,废旧家用电器回收利用面临总量较少、集中困难、回收处理主体尚未确定等问题,应遵照循环经济思想,促进废旧家用电器回收利用.     

废旧冰箱塑料回收再生利用技术研究

目前我国的废旧冰箱已进入了一个报废高峰期,且大量废旧冰箱塑料的处理问题已成为当今地球环境保护的热点问题,而我国又是一个人均资源占有量很低的国家,因此,对废旧冰箱塑料进行回收与再生利用则具有极其重要的意义.介绍了废旧冰箱塑料的物理再生利用、化学再生利用、生物降解、能源回收利用的技术和方法.     

废旧电冰箱聚氨酯硬质泡沫塑料回收处理技木研究

从废旧电冰箱聚氨酯硬泡塑料的回收、处理、资源化等方面阐述了国内外的研究技术现状.近年来我国电冰箱报废量剧增,聚氨酯硬泡塑料是电冰箱最主要的塑料品种,具有资源性和环境污染的双重特性.从循环经济和清洁生产的理念出发,提出我国进行废旧电冰箱聚氨酯硬泡塑料的回收处理处置,有利于促进我国可持续发展和建设“美丽中国”.     

废旧轮胎回收利用现状和利用途径

1 废旧轮胎处理压力大 废旧轮胎被称为"黑色污染",其回收和处理技术是世界性难题,处置废旧轮胎,长期以来一直是环境保护的难题.据统计,目前全世界每年有15亿条轮胎报废,其中北美占大约4亿条,西欧占近2亿条,日本占1亿条.在20世纪90年代,世界各国最普遍的做法是把废旧轮胎掩埋或堆放.以美国为例,1992年废旧轮胎掩埋/堆放率达63%.但随着地价上涨,征用土地用作掩埋/堆放场地越来越困难.另一方面,废旧轮胎大量堆积,极易引起火灾,造成第二次公害.     

废旧手机的回收利用及资源化管理对策

随着经济的发展,市场上手机风格变化日新月异,大量手机由于报废或过时被淘汰下来,废旧手机的资源化回收利用成为一个新的环境问题.介绍了国内外废旧手机回收利用状况、处理方法和工艺流程,重点介绍了贵金属和废塑料的回收与利用,并针对我国手机回收和资源化管理存在的实际问题提出了切实的建议.     

废旧冰箱的回收处理及关键技术研究

冰箱产品从其制造到废弃是一个庞大的产业领域,如何以较经济的方式实现废旧冰箱的可拆卸性与可回收性,已经成为当今国际社会关注的热点.目前我国已迎来了废旧冰箱报废的高峰期,而我国又是一个人均资源占有量很低的国家,对废旧冰箱进行可回收性利用则具有极其重要意义.对废旧冰箱的拆卸与回收的经济性、再生利用以及回收关键技术研究等方面进行了分析.     

废旧动力电池回收利用研究进展及展望

我国动力电池报废量随着新能源汽车产业的迅速发展呈现出逐年攀升的趋势,废旧动力电池回收利用已刻不容缓。简述了动力电池回收利用的必要性及紧迫性,总结了国内外废旧动力电池回收利用技术,并对废旧动力电池回收行业的发展提出了建议。     

巴西将废旧轮胎变为燃料

巴西圣保罗大学的研究人员经过多年的努力,终于研究出一种将废旧轮胎充分燃烧、又不污染环境的新方法,使废旧汽车轮胎变成了理想的燃料. 废旧汽车轮胎的处理一直是令环保人员头疼的问题,许多国家的科学家都在进行研究,以通过热解将废旧轮胎分解为煤气、碳和燃料油,但到目前为止,无一获得成功. 圣保罗大学的研究人员认为,目前处理废旧轮胎最好的方法就是将其直接燃烧,使之成为燃料,但燃烧过程中产生的烟垢和污染物问题必须解决. 为此,他们在烧毁轮胎的炉中,放置了一种能耐 1000摄氏度高温的含硅酸盐的瓷制过滤器. 这种过滤器上有许多微小的也隙. 在燃烧过程中,99% 的烟圬和污染物都吸附在空隙中,消除了对环境的污染. 经过多次的实验,他们发现,把废旧轮胎的燃烧分成两个阶段进行,这样既使轮胎得到了充分的燃烧,又减少了烟雾中的悬浮物和一氧化碳的释放. 研究人员说,1千克废旧轮胎含 27.59kJ热量,是很好的能源,这一发现将促进废旧轮胎的回收利用,减少石油、石油制品和煤炭等能源的消费量,并可减少城市垃圾. 据报道,仅巴西每年的报废轮胎就达 3000多万个. (殷永建 )     

重庆再生资源产业园落户大足

近日,重庆市供销合作总社与大足区签订协议,投资30亿元,在大足建设重庆再生资源产业园项目。 重庆再生资源产业园项目占地500hm^2,年处理废旧物品110万t以上,包括废旧有色金属、废旧电子电器、报废汽车、废金属、废塑料等回收、分拣、加工、再制造和再循环等。项目建设期约4年。分两期建设,全部建成后,预计年销售收入135亿元以上,年纳税额21亿元以上,可提供3000多个就业岗位。     

无剥离微负压废旧轮胎热解技术

20 0 1年全世界轮胎产量达 8× 10 8只 ,我国占10 %左右 ,约为 7× 10 7只。目前我国废旧轮胎的数量巨大 ,并且还会随着汽车工业和公路交通业的快速发展而同步递增。废旧轮胎的处理与利用正日益成为我国环境保护和资源综合利用的一个突出问题。废旧轮胎的处理方法主要包括热解、剥离再生、翻新、制胶粉、填埋、焚烧等。再生橡胶在 70年代曾是处理废旧轮胎的重要方式 ,但由于再生橡胶和其他原形改制方式 (制胶粉、翻新、作船弦防护等 )都不是终极处理方式 ,其制品经长时间使用报废后仍是需处理的废橡胶制品。另外 ,这些处理方法由于工艺技术…     

浅析报废汽车拆解厂废水循环处理技术的应用现状

报废汽车的回收拆解处理在我国已经逐渐兴起，但由于该产业尚处于发展初期，环保技术手段和可持续性发展意识还不够，因此在回收拆解过程中会产生大量的废水和其他污液。针对某汽车回收拆解厂的废水特性进行实验研究，形成“电荷凝集过滤一活性炭吸附”组合工艺，对报废汽车回收拆解企业的废水处理提供了一定的参考价值。     

发达国家报废汽车回收利用经验及借鉴

介绍了发达国家回收处理和再生利用报废汽车的管理和技术，提出我国应借鉴发达国家经验，从技术、政策、法规等方面加强报废汽车的再利用工作。     

The general utilization of scrapped PC board

The traditional burning process is used to recover copper from scrapped PC board (printed circuit board) but it causes serious environmental problems. In this research a new process was developed which not only prevents pollution problems, but also maximizes the utility of all the materials on the waste board. First, the scrapped PC board was crushed and grounded, then placed in the NH₃/NH₅CO₃ solution with aeration in order to dissolve copper. After distilling the copper NH₃/NH₅CO₃ solution and then heating the distilled residue of copper carbonate, pure copper oxide was obtained with particle size of about 0.2 μm and the shape elliptical. The remaining solid residue after copper removal was then leached with 6 N hydrochloric acid to remove tin and lead. The last residue was used as a filler in PVC plastics. The PVC plastics with PC board powder as filling material was found to have the same tensile strength as unfilled plastics, but had higher elastic modulus, higher abrasion resistance, and was cheaper.     

Modeling the energy content of combustible ship-scrapping waste at Alang-Sosiya, India, using multiple regression analysis

Alang-Sosiya is the largest ship-scrapping yard in the world, established in 1982. Every year an average of 171 ships having a mean weight of 2.10 x 10(6)(+/-7.82 x 10(5)) of light dead weight tonnage (LDT) being scrapped. Apart from scrapped metals, this yard generates a massive amount of combustible solid waste in the form of waste wood, plastic, insulation material, paper, glass wool, thermocol pieces (polyurethane foam material), sponge, oiled rope, cotton waste, rubber, etc. In this study multiple regression analysis was used to develop predictive models for energy content of combustible ship-scrapping solid wastes. The scope of work comprised qualitative and quantitative estimation of solid waste samples and performing a sequential selection procedure for isolating variables. Three regression models were developed to correlate the energy content (net calorific values (LHV)) with variables derived from material composition, proximate and ultimate analyses. The performance of these models for this particular waste complies well with the equations developed by other researchers (Dulong, Steuer, Scheurer-Kestner and Bento's) for estimating energy content of municipal solid waste.     

Feasibility of platinum recovery from waste automotive catalyst with different carriers via cooperative smelting-collection process

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Large amounts of waste automotive catalyst (WAC) containing platinum are generated as the automotive scrapped, which not only wastes platinum...     

Three-Dimensional Ground-Based Measurements of Urban Air Quality to Evaluate Satellite Derived Interpretations for Urban Air Pollution

Urban air quality and meteorological measurements were carried out in the region of Brescia (Italy) simultaneously to the acquisition of satellite data during winter and summer smog conditions in 1999. The main objectives of the campaigns were: delivery of data for the validation of air pollution interpretations based on satellite imagery, and determination of the aerosol optical thickness in spectral ranges similar to those used by satellites. During the winter campaign the ground-based network was complemented by local stations and by SODAR, DOAS, and FTIR remote sensing measurements. Size distributions of aerosol particles up to 4,000 m a.s.l. were measured by means of an ultra-light aircraft, which was also equipped with meteorological sensors and an ozone sensor. During the summer campaign an interference filter actinometer, an integrating nephelometer and an ozone LIDAR were operated additionally. The satellite images acquired and processed were taken from SPOT. Optical thickness retrieved from interference filter actinometer measurements were compared with the retrievals from the satellite imagery in the same spectral intervals. It is concluded that remaining aerosols in the reference image yield an off-set in the satellite retrieval data and that information about the vertical structure of the boundary layer is very important.     

回收废旧电池外壳聚丙烯的力学和耐热性能研究

社会经济的发展和生活水平的提高使得汽车保有量逐年增加,服役后报废汽车产生的废旧蓄电池也快速上升,报废的蓄电池给环境带来巨大压力。废旧电池外壳是聚丙烯,如何循环利用成为亟待解决问题。采用高抗冲共聚聚丙烯对其进行增韧改性,结果表明:当添加20%共聚聚丙烯后,缺口冲击强度提升39.2%,熔体流动速率降低了48.3%,在150℃进行热老化,300 h后表面没有明显变化,综合性能达到蓄电池专用料水平,同时为回收废旧蓄电池外壳聚丙烯材料的闭环回收提供了可行方案。     

Current recycling regulations and technologies for the typical plastic components of end-of-life passenger vehicles: a meaningful lesson for China

China became the largest automotive producer and the biggest automobile market in the world in 2009, but the scrap vehicle recycling industry is still in its beginning stage. Especially, the scrapped plastic parts recycling technology lags behind developed countries. Therefore, in-depth studies on the recycling of automotive plastics are significant and beneficial for environmental protection, energy conservation and the sustainable development of the Chinese automotive plastic industry. In this article, automotive plastic components recycling-related rules and regulations about developed countries and China are discussed first. According to the passenger vehicle plastic part types, the recycling technologies for typical plastic components of end-of-life passenger vehicle are analyzed comprehensively. Based on the combination of contemporary domestic and foreign plastic recycling technology and the result of the current research, the problems and future development for the ELVs plastic recycling industry in China are deliberated, at the same time, some constructive ideas and suggestions for the industry are provided.