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废催化剂中金属组分的回收利用具有经济性和环保性,从工程项目开发的角度,对废催化剂中金属组分回收利用技术与经济等方面的问题进行了概述,主要包括废催化剂原料的收集与分类、回收技术方案选择、经济评价及关键理论,同时也指出了相关问题及发展前景. 相似文献
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对废催化剂中有价金属的回收方法及工艺进行了研究。工厂所得钴钼废催化剂的组成为:以氧化铝为载体,钴、钼的质量比分别为0.030 g/g、0.110 g/g。依据不同p H值下废催化剂所含钴和钼金属离子存在形式及价态不同、从而引起金属萃取率E有差异的原理,确定了采用酸性萃取剂PC-88A在酸性条件下萃取回收钴钼废催化剂浸取液中有价金属的工艺。重点开展Co2+的萃取回收,考察了水相p H值、萃取剂体积分数、相比(V(有机相)/V(水相))、搅拌时间、搅拌速率及萃取温度等工艺参数对萃取率的影响,确定了Co2+回收的最佳工艺条件。结果表明,水相p H≈4.5、萃取剂体积分数为15%、相比为3∶1、搅拌时间为30 min、搅拌速率为500 r/min、温度为24℃的条件最有利于Co2+的萃取,其萃取率高达95.78%。 相似文献
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废旧车用载钯催化剂中钯的浸出研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
针对汽车尾气的污染,汽车排气系统都安装有含铂族金属的汽车催化剂.废旧汽车催化剂已成为铂族金属重要的二次资源.本文采用湿法浸出整体式蜂窝陶瓷汽车催化剂中的铂族金属钯.氧化焙烧废汽车催化剂除去积炭和其他有机物,再磨细过筛100目后烘干.预处理过的废催化剂用还原剂HCOOH溶液将催化剂中氧化态钯转化为单质钯,在70℃恒温下,用盐酸和氧化剂NaClO3选择性浸出钯.本文比较了几种浸出方法的结果,考察了HCl-NaClO3浸出体系的几个因素对钯浸出的影响,确定了最佳浸出条件.实验结果表明,HCl-NaClO3浸出体系在优化条件下能完全浸出催化剂中的钯,该方法可以用于钯的回收和对催化剂中的钯进行定量分析. 相似文献
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为降低成本,青岛蓄电池厂将废蓄电池极板和其他废铅杂料,经再熔炼回收金属铅。由于铅熔炼炉(以下简称铅炉)炉温高达1200℃以上,在熔炼过程中有大量铅形成氧化物混于烟气中,烟气未经净化处理直接由35m 烟囱排入大气,对环境造成了严重污染,已成为青岛市一大污染源。为此,治理该厂铅炉烟气的污染问题是一项亟待解决的 相似文献
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蔡军 《中国特种设备安全》2016,(7):41-43
蒸压混凝土建材的生产是传统粗放型、高能耗产业,长期以来锅炉供热系统能效较低、蒸压废汽排放热能浪费大且产生较大异味和噪音污染等已经成为行业亟待解决的问题。本文就研发的蒸压废汽二级回收利用节能技术达到22%~31%的节能效果从原理和应用进行论述,并提出技术推广应用和促进行业节能减排的建议。 相似文献
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地质部勘探技术研究所净化组 《劳动保护》1980,(7)
为了消除汽车排气污染和净化内燃机废气,我们与天津漆包线厂合作,研制成功了具有薄壁结构的PFC型蜂窝状尾气催化剂。这种催化剂是一种陶瓷质多孔整块状的催化剂,块体中间为等距排列的三角形通道,由大量薄壁的平行通道构成整体,载体表面涂有0.1%的铂系金属活性组分。PFC型催化剂经室内模拟试验1,000小时台架寿命的考查和山西216地质队坑道内生产试验证明,柴油机采用催化、水洗两级净化,配合通风等综合措施,坑内主要有害气体含量低于工业卫生标准。鉴定认为PFC型蜂窝状催化剂技术性能达到国内先进水平和国际上同类产品水平。 主辜特点 L适… 相似文献
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Essam A.H. Zubaidy Dana M. Abouelnasr 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2010,88(5):318-326
Solvent extraction was used to recover oil from waste sludge generated from the storage of crude petroleum. Different solvent-to-sludge mass ratios were used for two solvents, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) and LPG condensate (LPGC). Several parameters were compared, such as oil recovery as a percent of the original sludge mass, and reduction in carbon residue, ash content, and asphaltene content. A 4:1 solvent-to-sludge ratio was found to be optimum for both solvents. The MEK extraction recovered 39% by mass of the sludge as recovered oil. The LPGC recovered 32%. The amount of asphaltenes in the fuel oil was related to the concentration of fuel oil in the solvent phase during the extraction, suggesting that asphaltenes are extracted mainly by the fuel oil components, not the solvent. The physical properties and metal content of the recovered oil were measured. The recovered oil was distilled to provide diesel fuel. This diesel fuel contained high levels of sulfur and carbon residue, as well as a high diesel index, indicating the fuel requires further treatment prior to use as a fuel. 相似文献
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规范废旧电脑的回收利用减少环境污染 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
指出电子信息时代废旧电脑的污染与危害,剖析了我国目前废旧电脑的回收与利用现状,从多个角度提出了规范废旧电脑回收利用的措施,有效地实现电脑垃圾处理的减量化、资源化、无害化,以达到减少环境污染的目的。 相似文献
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铜冶炼厂污水治理技术及建议 总被引:11,自引:1,他引:11
阐述了用石灰中和法工艺治理铜冶炼厂所产生的含有重金属离子的酸性废水技术,并针对该工艺流程中清水池沉积2-3m深细泥、污泥压滤能力不够、污泥作为垃圾处理易造成二次污染问题,提出清除污泥,稳定化/固化污泥中的重金属离子,综合利用污泥,重新改造设备等措施。 相似文献
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Quentin Falcoz Daniel Gauthier Stéphane Abanades Fabrice Patisson Gilles Flamant 《Process Safety and Environmental Protection》2010,88(2):125-130
Metal emissions from waste incineration plants become a great environmental concern because of their toxicity for both human health and environment. Metals are not destroyed by high-temperature thermal treatment and some vaporized metals may be emitted. It is thus essential to understand the release mechanism of metals during high-temperature waste treatment, in order to improve the understanding of their behavior and the control of their emission. The objective of this study is to identify the kinetic law for metal release from realistic artificial waste. The vaporization of three metals of most concern (Cd, Pb and Zn) during municipal waste incineration was studied. The vaporization rate at the particle level was determined from the experimental concentration profile in the outlet gas of a fluidized bed reactor, by using the inverse method that was previously developed and validated by our team. As a first step, the kinetic parameters were determined thanks to experiments carried out at several temperatures. Specific laws, for each studied metal, were thus obtained as a function of temperature. Nevertheless, it is very useful to identify all the experimental kinetic curves (all studied metals at all temperatures) to one single mathematical law. Therefore, a general kinetic law, expressing the solid matrix influence on the metal vaporization dynamic, was determined as a second step. It permits to predict the vaporization characteristic time and the time course of the metal concentration in the waste. 相似文献
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矿井回风流中低浓度瓦斯利用现状及前景 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
矿井回风流瓦斯直接排放到大气中 ,不仅造成了资源的浪费 ,而且加剧了温室效应 ,如何利用低浓度瓦斯是迫切需要研究的课题。介绍了矿井瓦斯利用存在的主要问题 ,介绍了作为辅助燃料和主要燃料在国外的研究利用情况 ,重点介绍了TFRR的原理、反应过程及热量的回收利用方式 ,并对低浓度甲烷的应用前景进行了展望。 相似文献
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金属氧化物在脱硫脱氮技术中的应用 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
许多金属氧化物在烟气脱硫脱氮技术中可用作反应的催化剂或SO2的吸收剂,针对其不同的功能,对国内外开发研究的金属氧化物烟气脱硫脱氮方法进行了分类归纳,并分析了各自的优缺点,指出了Fe2O3,MnO2,CuO等金属氧化物在烟气脱硫脱氮领域中的应用前景和进一步的研究方向。 相似文献