Environmental impact of radionuclide migration in groundwater from a low-intermediate level radioactive waste repository.

The radionuclide migration from a certain Chinese repository with low-intermediate level radioactive solid waste is studied. The migration in groundwater is analyzed and computed in detail. Under presumption of normal releasing, or the bottom of the repository has been marinated for one month with precipitation reaching 600 mm once and a 6 m aerated zone exists, a prediction for 7 radionuclides is conducted. It shows that the aerated zone is the primary barrier for migration. The migration for radionuclides 60Co, 137Cs, 90Sr, 63Ni, etc. will be retarded in it within 500 years. The concentration of 239Pu will be decreased by amount of 6 order. Only 3H and 14C can migrate through the aerated zone. The radionuclides that go through the aerated zone and enter the aquifer will exist in spring, stream and sea. Based on this, the intake dose by residents in different age group resulting from drinking contaminated spring water, eating seafood is calculated. The results showed that the impact of the repository to the key resident group is lower than the limit in national repository regulation standard. This complies with the repository management target.     

低中放废物处置场核素经地下水迁移对环境影响预测

研究了我国某民用低中放固体废物处置场核素迁移的途径，对核素在地下水中的迁移进行了详细分析与计算，假定正常释放或一次降水量达到６００ｍｍ，处置场底浸泡一个月，存在６ｍ的包气带时，对该处置场处置的７种核素进行预测，结果表明，包气带是延迟核素迁移的主要屏障，在５００年内，可以使＾６０Ｃｏ＾１３７Ｃｓ＾９０Ｓｒ、＾６３Ｎｉ等核素延迟，其中＾２３９Ｐｕ降低６个月数量级，但不能延迟＾３Ｈ和＾１４Ｃ的迁移，穿过     

低中放废物近地表处置安全评价模式研究

采用景象－后果分析法，建立了在浸出与闯入景象下，放射性核素从近地表核废物处置库经由工程屏障，地质屏障迁移到生态环境的评价模式。开发了相应的计算机程序（ＰＲＥＳＤＳＡ）。利用现场的试验资料，对模式进行了检验。基于现场测量与试验室模拟试验，实地调查以及献调研参数，使用ＰＲＥＳＤＳＡ程序对所假定的黄土包气层核废物处置场周围环境产生的辐射影响进行了计算和预测。结果表明，按照浸出影象计算，在所选的１０种核     

大亚湾沉积物中137Cs纵向迁移研究

鉴于海洋沉积物是^137Cs在海域内迁移的最终归宿．建立了沉积物中污染物纵向迁移分布的定量模型，在机理分析中充分考虑了海水-表层沉积物界面上通过沉降、扩散、吸附-解吸等作用完成的物质传输，并对大亚湾内4个监测点底质芯样中^137Cs活度进行了模拟分析，对未来底质中^137Cs的富集趋势进行了预测。     

3H和99Tc在黄土中的迁移特性比较

³H和⁹⁹Tc是低中放废物处置中2个重要的核素,在处置场的安全评价中十分重要.由于介质对³H和⁹⁹Tc的吸附较弱,常忽略其滞留性,并用³H标定地下水的流速.野外实验表明:在包气带中,黄土对⁹⁹Tc的吸附大于³H;在含水层中,黄土对³H迁移的影响大于⁹⁹Tc.本文根据实验数据,采用非平衡吸附模式NESOR程序分别模拟了³H和⁹⁹Tc在黄土包气带和含水层中的迁移过程.模拟结果表明:⁹⁹Tc在黄土包气带中的分配系数范围为0.05～0.055mL/g;³H在黄土含水层中分配系数为0.116mL/g,该参数是黄土对³H和⁹⁹Tc综合影响的结果,其滞留机理尚待研究.     

微塑料对海水抗生素抗性基因的影响

水环境中的微塑料和微生物抗生素抗性基因复合污染已经发展成为全球性的重大环境问题,给人类健康和生态环境带来新的挑战.海水中的微塑料残留日益增加,但是不同种类微塑料对海水抗生素抗性基因的干扰和影响还不是很清楚.选择了聚乙烯（PE）、聚氯乙烯（PVC）和具有一定水溶性的聚乙烯醇（PVA）这3种乙烯基微塑料,采集海水并添加微塑料进行了曝气培养实验（49 d）,利用高通量定量PCR技术,研究微塑料对海水抗生素抗性基因的影响.结果表明,空白对照海水、添加PE海水、添加PVC海水和添加PVA海水抗生素抗性基因的种类分别为20、35、42和64种,微塑料使得海水中的抗生素抗性基因种类显著增多;在丰度水平上,空白对照海水、添加PE海水、添加PVC海水和添加PVA海水抗生素抗性基因的丰度分别为4.01×10⁶、2.75×10⁷、4.54×10⁷和1.05×10⁸ copies·L^-1,微塑料显著增加了海水中抗生素抗性基因的丰度.因此,相较于空白对照海水,微塑料显著增加了海水抗生素抗性基因多样性和丰度水平;OLS回归分析显示,抗生素抗性基因与16S rRNA基因和可移动遗传元件有着显著正相关关系,说明微生物的丰度和基因水平转移机制能够影响海水抗生素抗性基因的分布、存续和演变.     

Advanced nitrogen and phosphorus removal in A2O-BAF system treating low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic wastewater

A laboratory-scale anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic process (A²O) with a small aerobic zone and a bigger anoxic zone and biologic aerated filter (A²O-BAF) system was operated to treat low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio domestic wastewater. The A²O process was employed mainly for organic matter and phosphorus removal, and for denitrification. The BAF was only used for nitrification which coupled with a settling tank Compared with a conventional A²O process, the suspended activated sludge in this A²O-BAF process contained small quantities of nitrifier, but nitrification overwhelmingly conducted in BAF. So the system successfully avoided the contradiction in sludge retention time (SRT) between nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs). Denitrifying phosphorus accumulating organisms (DPAOs) played an important role in removing up to 91% of phosphorus along with nitrogen, which indicated that the suspended activated sludge process presented a good denitrifying phosphorus removal performance. The average removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and NH₄⁺-N were 85.56%, 92.07%, 81.24% and 98.7% respectively. The effluent quality consistently satisfied the national first level A effluent discharge standard of China. The average sludge volume index (SVI) was 85.4 mL·g⁻¹ additionally, the volume ratio of anaerobic, anoxic and aerobic zone in A²O process was also investigated, and the results demonstrated that the optimum value was 1:6:2.     

基于Holt-Winters模型的济南泉域地下水资源保护研究

以济南名泉趵突泉历年的地下水位为研究对象,对2012年5月至2017年11月趵突泉地下水位波动规律进行分析,评价保泉形势,探索保泉供水的有效措施。通过模型的比选,最终确定利用HoltWinters指数平滑加法模型,从时间序列的角度分析预测趵突泉地下水位的变化趋势,并计算出了模型的拟合优度指标和拟合统计量。决定系数R2值为0.897,平稳的R2值为0.627,数值均较大且其余各项拟合优度指标均较好,说明模型的拟合效果整体精度较高。利用模型对2018年趵突泉的地下水位进行了预测并给出了预测值95%的置信区间,预测年平均水位为27.814 m,泉水位波动的峰值为28.291 m、谷值为27.329 m且谷值将出现于2018年的6月份,为近6年来的最低水位值,低于27.6 m的保泉红色警戒线,接近27.01 m的泉水停喷线。预测结果表明:2018年趵突泉将存在潜在停喷的危机,济南市的保泉任务依然严峻。为争取泉水持续喷涌,在此基础上提出了科学保泉建议和节水保泉措施,为济南市评判、预测、调整水系及地下水开采布局提供科学依据。     

Shallow aeration of piggery waste treatment lagoons. I. Removal of organic pollutants and indicator bacteria

Anaerobic lagoon profile studies were undertaken in perspex columns which were either unaerated (A), or aerated to a depth of 8 (B), 20 (C) or 40 cm (D). The dissolved oxygen level in the aerated columns was maintained at approximately 70% of saturation and all columns were loaded at the rate of 50–55 g BOD₅ m^?3 day^?1. Temperature was maintained at about 20°C and the retention time averaged 128 days. The untreated waste had total solids (TS) and 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD₅) levels of 26.4 and 6.0 g l^?1, respectively. The average volatility of the TS was 79.0%.The results of the study indicated that all treatments removed at least 77 and 90% of the incoming TS and BOD₅, respectively. The treatment efficiencies of the unaerated and shallow aerated systems (8 and 20 cm) were similar and higher than treatment D. Oxygen uptake rates (mg O₂ l^?1 h^?1) in treatments B, C and D were 16.8, 7.8 and 11.4, respectively. Nitrate-nitrogen levels in aerated treatments were <23 mg l^?1. Faecal coliform (FC) and faecal streptococci (FS) levels in the effluents were less than the influent levels which were approximately 1.5 × 10⁶ ml^?1 for FC and 1.7 × 10⁶ ml^?1 for FS. The average percentage reductions, which were least for treatment D, were greater than 99% for FC and greater than 96% for FS. The absolute numbers, however, remained high in all treatments.     

特殊地质条件下流动相原油在沿海土-水系统中的运移过程及机制研究

原油作为主要能源之一对现代社会的重要作用不言而喻,但其所带来的污染危害同样不容忽视.通过自制的有机玻璃水槽,建立模型模拟自然地层的非均质性,模拟了原油在沿海土-水系统中的运移过程,探讨了局部非渗透性透镜体、底部隔水层、土壤初始含水率、土壤质地、岩性突变界面对原油在砂土中运移速度和路径的影响.结果表明,局部非渗透性透镜体和底部隔水层对原油的运移具有阻碍作用,会改变其运动速度和路径.在一定范围内,土壤初始含水率越高,原油的侧向运移速率和垂向运移速率越大(模拟成层性土层中原油垂向运移速率随含水率增大,由0.43 cm·min~(-1)增大到1.00 cm·min~(-1),在低含水率区域原油侧向运移速率分别为0.08 cm·min~(-1)(粗-细界面)和0.10 cm·min~(-1)(细-粗界面),而在含水率较高的区域则为0.14 cm·min~(-1)),而过高的含水率又会阻碍原油的运移.土壤孔隙越大,垂向运移越快,侧向运移越慢,反之,垂向运移越慢,侧向运移越快(模拟成层性土层中,原油在粗砂中的垂向平均运移速率为0.54 cm·min~(-1),而在细砂中仅为0.33 cm·min~(-1),自然泄漏时原油在粗砂中的最大扩散范围为9.10 cm,在细砂中为12.50 cm).原油在土壤中运移遇到岩性突变界面时,会产生聚集效应,在聚集处产生侧向运移,试验中在粗-细界面扩散宽度为6.70 cm,在细-粗界面扩散宽度为29.00 cm.     

有机氯农药在岩溶区上覆土壤中的垂直迁移特征及对地下水的影响

选取典型表层岩溶泉域内的土壤剖面和表层岩溶泉水为研究对象,采用气相色谱(GC-μECD)对土壤和地下水中的有机氯农药(organochlorine pesticides,OCPs)进行定量分析,研究了有机氯农药在岩溶区上覆土壤中的垂直迁移以及对地下水的影响.结果表明,研究区所有土壤剖面中,HCHs和DDTs均有检出.HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:0.77~18.3 ng·g-1(平均5.16 ng·g-1)和0.34~226 ng·g-1(平均16 ng·g-1).研究区土壤中的HCHs和DDTs峰值主要出现在土壤亚表层.在一年的观测期间,4个表层岩溶泉中均有HCHs和DDTs检出.泉水中HCHs和DDTs的含量范围分别为:2.09~60.1 ng·L-1(平均12 ng·L-1)和N.D~79.8 ng·L-1(平均9.16 ng·L-1).后沟泉、柏树湾泉、兰花沟泉的HCHs和DDTs含量以及水房泉中的HCHs含量均呈现出雨季高于旱季的特点.泉水中的HCHs、DDTs含量与泉域内土壤中的HCHs、DDTs含量并没有很好的对应关系.研究表明,TOC、土壤含水量、黏粒含量、p H均对后沟泉域土壤中有机氯农药垂直迁移产生抑制作用,致使后沟泉域土壤中有机氯农药含量虽然在4个泉域中最高,但泉水中的含量却最低.而在水房泉泉域,这4个因素对有机氯农药的垂直迁移均没有抑制作用,因此水房泉泉域土壤中有机氯农药含量虽然最低,但泉水中有机氯农药的含量却较高.     

昌邑滨海湿地沉积物的放射性核素水平与环境指示意义

利用伽马谱仪测定了昌邑滨海湿地表层沉积物以及沉积物岩芯中放射性核素含量,根据放射性核素的分布,探讨了其对物质来源、人类活动以及其他沉积环境演变事件的指示作用,并估算了研究区域的沉积速率.结果表明,表层沉积物中自然放射性核素238U、232Th、226Ra和40K的平均含量分别为(54.4±11.7)、(57.9±9.7)、(28.6±4.3)和(542±21)Bq·kg~(-1),表层沉积物放射性水平的区域差异反映了物质来源的不同以及人类活动对沉积物特性的影响.根据岩芯中过剩210Pb的分布,计算出近百年来沉积环境稳定的高沼区沉积速率为0.23 cm·a~(-1).在沉积物岩芯中,238U、232Th和226Ra具有较高的变异系数,根据238U和226Ra及其比值的垂直分布,沉积过程可被分为4个阶段:缓慢沉积阶段,受黄河河道迁徙影响下的沉积环境剧烈变化阶段,黄河归流后的稳定阶段,以及在人类活动的影响下的退化、增长交替阶段.放射性核素的变化反映了滨海湿地沉积环境的演变过程,具有重要的环境指示意义.     

Abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in response to various habitats in Pearl River Delta of China, a subtropical maritime zone

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) are widely considered key to ammonia oxidation in various environments. However, little work has been conducted to simultaneously investigate the abundance and diversity of AOA as well as correlations between archaeal amoA genotypes and environmental parameters of different ecosystems at one district. To understand the abundance, diversity, and distribution of AOA in Pearl River Delta of China in response to various habitats, the archaeal amoA genes in soil, marine, river, lake, hot spring and wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) samples were investigated using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and clone libraries. Our analyses indicated that the diversity of AOA in various habitats was different and could be clustered into five major clades, i.e., estuary sediment, marine water/sediment, soil, hot spring and Cluster 1. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the structure of AOA communities in similar ecological habitats exhibited strong relation. The canonical correspondence method indicated that the AOA community structure was strongly correlated to temperature, pH, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and dissolved oxygen variables. Assessing AOA amoA gene copy numbers, ranging from 6.84×10⁶ to 9.45×10⁷ copies/g in dry soil/sediment, and 6.06×10⁶ to 2.41×10⁷ copies/L in water samples, were higher than ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) by 1-2 orders of magnitude. However, AOA amoA copy numbers were much lower than AOB in WWTP activated sludge samples. Overall, these studies suggested that AOA may be a major contributor to ammonia oxidation in natural habitats but play a minor role in highly aerated activated sludge. The result also showed the ratio of AOA to AOB amoA gene abundance was positively correlated with temperature and less correlated with other environmental parameters. New data from our study provide increasing evidence for the relative abundance and diversity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea in the global nitrogen cycle.     

三峡库区消落带典型草本植物淹水浸泡后可溶性有机碳的释放特征

三峡库区消落带出露时草本植被生长旺盛,每年9月底蓄水后植物被淹没并开始腐解,导致有机体分解释放大量可溶性有机碳(DOC),可能对水质产生负面影响.研究选取三峡库区消落带典型草本植物,通过室内模拟浸泡实验,测定上覆水中DOC浓度变化过程,计算其释放速率与通量,旨在查明消落带草本植物淹水后DOC的释放特征,为库区植被修复与管理提供基础数据.结果表明,几种典型草本植物浸泡后上覆水的DOC浓度变化反映出草本植物淹水后DOC释放呈先增后减,后期趋于平稳的变化过程,在15 d左右达到峰值,表明消落带草本植物淹水浸泡后DOC随植物腐解快速释放,随后释放基本稳定,几种典型草本植物的DOC释放过程符合动力学过程.草本植物浸泡后DOC的释放浓度(最大为苦蒿的486.88 mg·L-1±35.97 mg·L-1,最小为稗子的4.18 mg·L-1±1.07 mg·L-1)、释放量(最大为苦蒿的50.54 mg·g-1,最小为水蓼的6.51mg·g-1)存在显著差异,主要受植物基质的影响,特别是植物基质的C/N值.实验浸泡植物的DOC释放量与相应草本植物基质的C/N值呈显著线性关系.     

渤海湾浮游植物与环境因子关系的多元分析

2007年春季和夏季对渤海湾的浮游植物和环境因子进行调查,运用多元分析技术分析浮游植物在渤海湾的分布特征及其与环境因子之间的关系.调查期间共发现浮游植物26种,其中春季17种,夏季23种.春季浮游植物平均数量为115×104cells.m-3,显著高于夏季(3.1×104cells.m-3).应用主成分分析(PCA)浮游植物分布特征,结果表明,春季浮游植物主要分布于渤海的中北部,是硝酸盐含量较高的水域;夏季浮游植物分布于各个水域,但优势种主要分布于河口附近.运用冗余分析(RDA)探讨浮游植物分布与环境因子之间的关系,结果表明,影响渤海湾浮游植物分布的关键环境因子,春季是硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐和溶解性活性磷酸盐,夏季是氨氮和水温.     

香溪河流域微塑料的分布特征及其迁移规律分析

微塑料作为水体中一种普遍存在的污染物已引起社会的广泛关注.为探究微塑料在淡水河流中的时空分布特征及其迁移规律,以长江支流香溪河为例,分别在2020年11月和2021年4月对香溪河表层水体、沉积物和消落带进行取样分析.结果表明,香溪河表层水体中微塑料的平均丰度为（6.64±1.32）n·L^-1（平水期）和（5.00±1.07）n·L^-1（枯水期）,沉积物中微塑料的平均丰度为（0.56±0.13）n·g^-1（平水期）和（0.41±0.09）n·g^-1（枯水期）,消落带中微塑料的平均丰度为（0.53±0.15）n·g^-1（平水期）和（0.68±0.18）n·g^-1（枯水期）,表层水体、沉积物和消落带中微塑料丰度分布存在显著差异性（P<0.05）.在表层水体和沉积物中微塑料粒径主要分布在0.1～0.5 mm,消落带中主要分布在1～5 mm;表层水体和消落带中微塑料颜色以透明为主,沉积物中以蓝色为主;香溪河流域微塑料的形态以纤维为主,材质主要是聚乙烯（PE）和...     

岗南水库沉积物间隙水有色溶解有机物的时空分布特征及差异分析

有色可溶性有机物(CDOM)作为溶解性有机物的重要组分,影响着水体中污染物质的形态特征和迁移转化过程.本研究运用紫外-可见光谱技术(UV-vis)以及三维荧光光谱(EEMs)技术结合平行因子分析法(PARAFAC),对岗南水库自入库河口到坝前主库区四季演变过程中沉积物间隙水CDOM的分布、光谱特征以及来源进行解析.结果表明,岗南水库沉积物间隙水CDOM的相对浓度a_(254)、a_(260)、a_(280)和a_(355)存在显著的季节差异,并且相对浓度大小为夏季春季秋季冬季;沉积物间隙水CDOM的E2/E3、E3/E4、E4/E6以及S_R存在显著的季节差异,呈现冬季高夏季低的特征;秋冬季的E2/E3以及E3/E4明显高于春夏季,并且秋冬季的E3/E4大部分均大于3.5,表明秋冬季沉积物间隙水CDOM具有更小的分子量和更低的腐殖化程度;三维荧光光谱通过PARAFAC解析出3种组分,分别为类酪氨酸(C1)、短波类富里酸(C2)和降解的腐殖类物质(C3),并且3种荧光组分间具有显著的正相关性(P0.001);岗南水库沉积物间隙水的CDOM总荧光强度和各荧光组分荧光强度呈现显著的季节差异,总荧光强度以及各组分的荧光强度呈现春季的最高、秋冬季次之、夏季最低的分布特征;秋冬季各个荧光组分占比不存在显著差异,春夏季各个荧光组分占比不存在显著差异,秋冬季与春夏季各个荧光组分占比存在显著差异;秋冬季沉积物间隙水CDOM生物源指数(BIX)和荧光指数(FI)均高于春夏季,表明秋冬季CDOM的自生源强于春夏季,与腐殖程度指标(HIX)的结果相吻合;PCA结合Adonis分析显示沉积物间隙水CDOM的光谱特征呈现显著的季节差异(P0.001);并且组分C1、C2、C3以及水质参数[氨氮、硝氮、亚硝氮、溶解性总氮以及溶解性总磷]均有很好的线性回归方程.综上,通过对岗南水库沉积物间隙水CDOM光谱特征进行研究,可以为分析岗南水库有机物污染特征和水质管理提供技术支持.     

超声辐照-活性污泥联合处理焦化废水

选取昆明焦化制气厂的实际焦化废水为处理对象,用水质模型对超声辐照-活性污泥法处理焦化废水中有机物的降解进行了研究.实验结果表明,焦化废水初始浓度、曝气方式和声能密度对焦化废水中COD_Cr的降解效果影响显著.对初始浓度为807mg/L的实际焦化废水,选择空气作为曝气气体,向废水中曝气而不超声时,废水中COD_Cr降解率仅为4.5%;在声能强度为119.4kW/m²条件下,超声时其降解率可达65%;采用超声辐照-活性污泥法联合处理焦化废水COD_Cr,与单独采用活性污泥法相比,废水的COD_Cr降解率可由单独采用活性污泥法的45%提高至81%;经超声波预处理后的废水,加活性污泥后,其耗氧速率有明显的降低,说明经超声波预处理后的焦化废水对生物无毒性.     

Shallow aeration of piggery waste treatment lagoons. II. Odour control

The effect of shallow aeration on odours from anaerobic lagoons treating piggery wastes was determined in the laboratory under conditions of approximately constant temperature (20°C). The loading rate to the simulated lagoon profiles was approximately 50 g BOD₅ m^?3 day^?1 and the average retention time was 128 days. The removal of organic pollutants and bacteria in this system has been discussed elsewhere.Shallow surface aeration to depths ranging from 8 to 40 cm reduced odours from piggery waste treatments. Chemical and organoleptic estimates consistently indicated that odour levels from all aerated treatments were similar and markedly better than those from the unaerated treatment.The average volatile sulphides levels in the aerated treatments were less than 5% of the levels found in the space above the unaerated treatment. The levels in the aerated treatments of less than 0.07 ppm were below the odour threshold limit of 0.1 ppm compared with 1.45 ppm in the unaerated column. Odour threshold dilution (OTD), and more particularly odour offensiveness, were also reduced by shallow surface aeration. The mean OTD values (log₁₀) of all lagoon treatments (unaerated 2.9 and <2.6 for aerated treatments) were less than that of the untreated waste (3.3) or from wastes stored anaerobically in underslat pits (4.2). Once perceived however, the offensiveness rating of odours from the unaerated treatment was greater (9.4) than from the aerated systems (<1.7).Volatile fatty acid (VFA) levels in the effluents from all treatments were negligible (< 0.01 g l^?1).Total VFA levels in the untreated waste were 2.1 g l^?1, of which approximately 57, 20 and 11% were acetic, propionic and n-butyric, respectively. Sludge VFA levels were about 0.2 g l^?1, of which 75% was acetic acid.     

某焦化场地非均质包气带中多环芳烃(PAHs)来源及垂向分布特征

利用某废弃焦化场地内6眼深层采样孔,样品最大采集深度9. 5～42 m不等,分析包气带剖面上16种PAHs分布特征、污染来源以及影响迁移的因素.结果表明,各钻孔ΣPAHs最大含量介于134. 79～11 266. 81 mg·kg~(-1)之间,主要分布层位为地表以下1～5 m,含量以低环(2+3环)为主,单体以萘含量最高.场地污染主要来自于煤的燃烧源.焦油、沥青及其深加工产物的污染对场地ΣPAHs含量起控制作用.包气带砂卵砾石层作为污染物良好的下渗通道,砂层透镜体通过吸附及截留作用成为PAHs的主要富集层.化产区排放或泄漏的各类油液通过混溶、竞争性吸附等作用增强了PAHs垂向迁移能力,并致使深部包气带受到污染.地表0～1 m土壤受人为扰动、降雨淋滤、降解作用,30 m以下岩层受到地下水溶滤作用,导致低环/高环比例随深度增加呈现先升高后降低的趋势.污染来源、包气带理化指标及水文地质条件等共同作用控制PAHs垂向分布及迁移.