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用分光光度法测定水中化学需氧量CODCr,通过正交试验选择氧化的最佳选择。试验结果表明对CODCr值为50~1000mg/L的水样:氧化剂K2Cr2O7用量为0.20~0.40mol/L,催化剂Ag2SO4用量为10g/LH2SO4,消解时间10min,加热温度180℃。用CODCr为138mg/L的质控标样进行验证试验,其绝对误差为0.5~3.0mg/L。与标准方法相比用分光光度法测定CODCr具有分析误差小,省时、省力,节约药剂的特点。 相似文献
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硅酸盐工业灰渣的基本化学成人是CaO、SiO2,Al2O3等,目前主要用于生产水泥等建筑材料, 西方对工业灰渣CaO-SiO2-Al2O3三元系高钙相平衡过程进行了分析讨论和数学处理。 相似文献
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铬酐退铜由于成份简单、退铜速度快、易于操作而为厂家普遍采用。本文着重研究了铬酐退铜液影响退铜效果的主要因素,通过对「CrO3」-t以及「Cu」^2+-t曲线的测量找出退铜液的反应规律。实验表明:提高「CrO3」、酸浓度均可提高溶液的退铜能力;溶液中「SO4」^2-的增加,则加剧铜的溶解;当溶液中的「CrO3」=123-126g/L「Cu」^2+=22-27g/l时,退铜液即失效。失效的退铜液靠单纯 相似文献
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氯离子浓度高于500mg/L时,对CODcr的测定呈混浊干扰,通过加入HgSO4络合氯离子,可消除氯离子含量达2000mg/L的干扰,过量的HgSO4对CODcr结果无影响。 相似文献
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本试验采中中温UASB反应器处理酒精废液,通过启动、运行、颗粒污泥不同时期形成过程的探索,成功地培养出了颗粒污泥,取得了有机负荷高达13-22gCOD/l.d,HRT15.6-22.3hr,CODcr去除率达83.9-92.2%,沼气产气率5.1-8.71/l.d,CH4含量55-72%的良好效果。 相似文献
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本文对UASB-Fe装置处理城市污水进行了中试研究,结果表明,当厌氧HRT3-4小时,进水浓度总CODcr为241.2-402.3mg/l,溶BOD5为80.6-136.8mg/l,SS为170.8-189.8mg/l时,其平均去除率依次为42.1-56.6%,64.0-39.8%和72.9-65.4%。讨论了厌氧HRT,进水浓度,温度等因子对厌氧处理效果的影响情况。浅析了铁填料层在城市污水处理中 相似文献
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微生物传感器技术原理及其在水环境监测中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
微生物传感器技术产生于70年代,并且,已在水环境监测中得到应用,例如,BOD、NH3、NH4^+、NO2^-、NO3^-等项目分析;毒物测定和毒性评价;致突变物的筛选等。实践证明,该项技术具有快速、灵敏、易于自动控制、成本低廉等优点;可以相信,它必定会越来越多的应用于环境监测。 相似文献
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光助氧化技术在水处理中应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对UV/H2O2技术、UV/O3技术、UV/O3/H2O2技术、photo—Fenton技术以及UV/TiO2技术进行了总结,对不同技术的原理、研究进展及应用进行了评述,并对今后光助氧化技术的研究方向提出了一些建议。 相似文献
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UV/O3复合降解水中2,4-二氯酚的试验研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
以紫外光源为主要依托,变换反应器中的不同工艺条件,分别对紫外光、臭氧和紫外/臭氧三种不同于工艺条件对水中污染物2,4-二氯酚(2 ,4-DCP)的降解规律进行研究.结果表明,UV/O3复合对2,4-DCP的降解较UV、O3单独作用效果好;溶液的酸碱度影响UV/O3对2 ,4-DCP的降解;此外,溶液中含有细菌时,E. coli的杀灭效果仍表现为UV/O3>O3>UV.细菌的杀灭和2,4-DCP的降解均消耗羟基自由基,形成竞争反应,从而影响到2,4-DCP的降解效果. 相似文献
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用硝酸银滴定法测定水中氯离子时,存在S~2-、SO_3~2-、S_2_O_3~2-的干扰,原用H_2O_2消除干扰,但滴定到达终点后,颜色不太稳定,为此,我们采用过硫酸钾氧化法进行消除干扰的试验。实践证明,该方法对消除上述干扰物是可行的,对测定石油勘探开发废水中氯离子时消除干扰是适用的。 相似文献
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采用全根挖掘法,运用分形理论对塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地阿克苏牛皮消、河西菊(Hexinia polydichotoma(Ostenf.)H.L.Yang)、白麻(Apocynum venetum L.)、沙拐枣(Cynanchum amplexicaule Hemsl)四种多年生野生植物根系的分支状况、分形特征与拓扑特征之间的关系进行了研究。研究发现:⑴四种植物根系分形特征较明显,分形维数大小与拓扑参数连接总数、外部连接数之间具有显著的相关关系;⑵根丰度与根系长度、平均连接长度之间具有显著的指数关系,分别可用以下方程表示:y1=2.7694e1.5496x,y2=0.036 9e2.026 7x(其中y1、y2分别为总根长、平均连接长度,R2分别为0.935 3、0.983 2)。因此,通过分形和拓扑理论对比分析了沙漠腹地4种野生植物根系的空间分形特征、资源占有能力与吸收率,有利于为沙漠腹的植物根系研究提供相关参数和一定的理论依据。 相似文献
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萃取富集火焰原子吸收法测定香菇棒中的铅镉 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用HNO3-HClO4消解香菇茵棒样品,以DDTC为络合剂,四氯化碳为萃取剂萃取消解液,用HNO3-H2O2混合液反萃取,火焰原子吸收分光光度法测定水相中的铅镉,结果令人满意。 相似文献
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Effect of corn root exudates on the degradation of atrazine and its chlorinated metabolites in soils
Wenger K Bigler L Suter MJ Schönenberger R Gupta SK Schulin R 《Journal of environmental quality》2005,34(6):2187-2196
DIMBOA (3,4-dihydro-2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one), a major benzoxazinone of Poaceae plants, was isolated and purified from corn seedlings. The effect of isolated and purified DIMBOA on the degradation of atrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine], and its toxic breakdown products, desethylatrazine [2-chloro-4-amino-6-(isopropylamino)-s-triazine; DEA] and desisopropylatrazine [2-chloro-4-(ethylamino)-6-amino-s-triazine; DIA], was studied in the absence of plants using batch experiments, while the effect of corn root exudates on these compounds was determined in hydroponic experiments. Degradation experiments were performed in the presence and absence of 50 microM, 1 mM, or 5 mM DIMBOA resulting in ratios of DIMBOA to pesticide of 1:1, 20:1, and 100:1. We observed a 100% degradation of atrazine to hydroxyatrazine within 48 h at a ratio of DIMBOA to atrazine of 100:1. DIMBOA had the largest effect on atrazine, while it was about three times less effective on DEA and DIA. Corn (Zea mays L. cv. LG 2185) was exposed to 10 mg L(-1) of either atrazine, DEA, or DIA for 11 d in a growth chamber experiment. Up to 4.3 micromol L(-1) d(-1) of hydroxyatrazine were formed in the nutrient solutions by plants exposed to atrazine, while the formation of hydroxylated metabolites from plants exposed to DEA and DIA was smaller and also delayed. The formation of hydroxylated metabolites increased in the solution with plant age in all atrazine, DEA, and DIA treatments. HMBOA (3,4-dihydro-2-hydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one), the lactam precursor of DIMBOA, and a tentatively identified derivative of MBOA (2,3-dihydro-6-methoxy-benzoxazol-2-one) were detected in the corn root exudates. Mass balance calculations revealed that up to 30% of the disappearance of atrazine and DEA, and up to 10% of DIA removal from the solution medium in our study could be explained by the formation of hydroxylated metabolites in the solution itself. Our results show that higher plants such as corn have the potential to promote the hydrolysis of triazine residues in soils by exudation of benzoxazinones. 相似文献
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This article re‐examines the persistence in natural gas consumption using an alternative methodology. We compare the results of traditional panel unit root tests with those provided by Bahmani‐Oskooee et al., which allow for both sharp and smooth breaks. Our analysis uses data for the G7 countries over the 1965–2016 years. The empirical findings show that while traditional unit root tests with sharp breaks lean towards the non‐stationarity of the series for all the G7 countries, modeling breaks in our unit root testing methodology can assert that natural gas consumption is non‐stationary only for Canada, France, Italy, and USA. These results imply that, for the majority of our sample, energy demand management policies designed to shrink energy consumption will have temporary effects, as energy consumption will return to its trend path. 相似文献