安全监督业绩考核激励和责任约束机制的建设与应用

为了保障油田生产安全环保工作,提高监督工作质量,提升监督工作效率,增强油田生产安全监督工作的能动性和创新性,长庆油田分公司安全环保监督部第十四安全环保监督站在从2014年5月份组建以来的监督工作实践中不断探索新的管理模式,总结推行了"653352"业绩考核激励和责任约束工作机制,旨在推动今后的安全环保监督工作再上新台阶,更好地为油气田生产安全工作保驾护航,从而促进油田生产安全发展、清洁发展。     

企业动态

正中国海油召开质量健康安全环保会本刊讯2月18日,中国海洋石油总公司2014年度质量健康安全环保工作会议在京召开。会议提出,2014年中国海油QHSE(质量健康安全环保)将做好以下工作:加强安全生产体系建设,完善安全监管、安全文化等系统完备的安全生产体系;强化安全文化建设,牢固树立"天字号工程"和"生命线"意识,坚持正确的"业绩观"和"利润观",算好"安全账",处理好安全与生产、效益的关系;进一步落实安全生产责任;持续推进隐患排     

为职工健康提供全方位服务

<正>湖北大峪口化工有限责任公司矿业分公司通过搭建"三位一体"监管体系,"三个强化"增进防护意识,"三项体检"保障职工权益,"三项措施"提升本质安全,为维护职工的安全健康权益进行了全方位服务。在2013年中国海洋石油总公司(以下简称"中国海油")工作会议上,董事长王宜林把健康安全环保定义为"天字号"工程,并将中国海油健康安全环保工作的核心理念提炼为"安全第一、环保至上,人为根本、设备完好"。作为健康     

改进方式方法 推进“生命”工程——吉林机械制造分公司积极探索创新安全培训工作

中石油东北炼化工程有限公司吉林机械制造分公司是国家二级安全生产标准化企业。近年来,该公司把安全环保培训工作列入重要议事日程,坚持"安全第一、预防为主、综合治理"方针和"环保优先、质量至上、     

如何做好基层安全环保监督工作

为减少各类生产事故的发生,加强安全生产工作,需做好基层安全环保监督工作。结合企业发展实际,制定"4321"安全环保监督工作方法,论述"4321"的具体涵义,分析本方法所带来的效果,促使生产单位的生产工作安全高效发展,监督工作平稳开展。     

实干笃行结硕果 不负韶华再前行--国家能源集团泉州热电有限公司2019年安全环保工作综述

2019年,国家能源集团泉州热电有限公司在贯彻落实集团公司"一个目标、三型五化、七个一流"发展战略,扎实开展"责任落实年"活动,紧紧围绕"保人身、控非停、促环保、优指标"的安全生产主题,超额完成了年度安全环保工作任务。2019年全年累计实现连续安全生产5150天,供电煤耗实现连续四年较大幅度下降,荣获中电联电力安全生产标准化一级企业、集团公司安全环保一级单位等荣誉。     

中国石油天然气股份有限公司 吉林油田分公司长春采油厂

<正>近年来,中石油吉林油田长春采油厂始终坚持"安全第一、环保优先、以人为本"的指导思想,以努力建设现代化油田为目标,不断加强安全生产和清洁生产工作。突出责任落实,大力推进"直线责任、属地管理、有感领导",划分属地管理责任区173个,层层签订安全环保责任书,安全环保责任体系得到巩固。突出管理受控,扎实推     

中国石油天然气股份有限公司吉林油田分公司长春采油厂

<正>近年来,中石油吉林油田长春采油厂始终坚持"安全第一、环保优先、以人为本"的指导思想,以努力建设现代化油田为目标,不断加强安全生产和清洁生产工作。突出责任落实,大力推进"直线责任、属地管理、有感领导",划分属地管理责任区173个,层层签订安全环保责任书,安全环保责任体系得到巩固。突出管理受控,扎实推进HSE体系运行,制发管理程序28套,健全规章制度76项,"四有一卡"、"两书一表"、"作业许可"等风险控制     

中国石油天然气股份有限公司 吉林油田分公司长春采油厂

<正>近年来,中石油吉林油田长春采油厂始终坚持"安全第一、环保优先、以人为本"的指导思想,以努力建设现代化油田为目标,不断加强安全生产和清洁生产工作。突出责任落实,大力推进"直线责任、属地管理、有感领导",划分属地管理责任区173个,层层签订安全环保责任书,安全环保责任体系得到巩固。突出管理受控,扎实推进HSE体系运行,制发管理程序28套,健全规章制度76项,"四有一卡"、"两书一表"、"作业许可"等风险控制     

中国石油天然气股份有限公司吉林油田分公司长春采油厂

<正>近年来,中石油吉林油田长春采油厂始终坚持"安全导",划分属地管理责任区173个,层层签订安全环保责任第一、环保优先、以人为本"的指导思想,以努力建设现书,安全环保责任体系得到巩固。突出管理受控,扎实推代化油田为目标,不断加强安全生产和清洁生产工作。突进HSE体系运行,制发管理程序28套,健全规章制度76项,出责任落实,大力推进"直线责任、属地管理、有感领"四有一卡"、"两书一表"、"作业许可"等风险控制措施有效落实。突出隐患治理,     

油浸变压器排油注氮装置在500kV变电站的设计与应用

在分析500kV变电站主变压器消防系统的现状,比较3类消防系统优缺点的基础上,详细论述了主变排油注氮装置的结构组成、工作原理、参数计算、控制系统设计以及需要注意的事项等,为下一步排油注氮装置的推广应用打下基础.     

HAZOP结合What-if方法在某延迟焦化装置除焦中的应用

为克服传统危险与可操作性（HAZOP）定性分析方法在复杂操作、间歇作业等过程中使用的局限性,提出在传统HAZOP定性分析方法的基础上结合What-if（故障假设）方法,对人的不安全行为和操作规程不完备所导致的风险后果分析作出补充。详细说明其技术原理、工作流程等使用细节,系统阐述该方法与传统HAZOP定性分析方法的区别,并在某延迟焦化装置的除焦操作的风险分析中应用。经分析,识别出在“给水-泡焦”节点,有“操作规程错误”场景2项,“操作规程不具体”场景1项,不存在“操作人员未按操作规程执行”场景。研究结果表明:本文方法有效且具有较好效果,可以广泛应用于操作规程/作业指导书审查、作业过程隐患排查等方面,帮助企业开展操作层面的风险识别与管理,提升企业的生产安全水平。     

Nighttime pedestrian fatalities: A comprehensive examination of infrastructure,user, vehicle,and situational factors

Introduction: Pedestrian fatalities in the United States increased 45.5% between 2009 and 2017. More than 85% of those additional pedestrian fatalities occurred at night. Method: We examine Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data for fatal pedestrian crashes that occurred in the dark between 2002 and 2017. Within-variable and before/after examinations of crashes in terms of infrastructure, user, vehicle, and situational characteristics are performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and two-sample t-tests. We model changes in crash characteristic proportions between 2002–2009 and 2010–2017 using linear regressions and test for autocorrelation with Breusch-Godfrey tests. Results: The increase in fatal nighttime pedestrian crashes is most strongly correlated with infrastructure factors: non-intersection unmarked locations (saw 80.8% of additional fatalities); 40–45 mph roads (54.6%); five-lane roads (40.7%); urban (99.7%); and arterials (81.1%). In addition, SUVs were involved in 39.7% of additional fatalities, overrepresenting their share of the fleet. Increased pedestrian alcohol and drug involvement warrant further investigation. The age of pedestrians killed increased more (18.1%) than the national average (3.2%). Conclusions: By identifying factors related to the increase in nighttime pedestrian fatalities, this work constitutes a vital first step in making our streets safer for pedestrians. Practical Applications: More research is needed to understand the efficacy of different solutions, but this paper provides guidance for such future research. Engineering solutions such as road diets or traffic calming may be used to improve identified infrastructure issues by reducing vehicle speeds and road widths. Rethinking vehicle design, especially high front profiles, may improve vehicle issues. However, the problems giving rise to these pedestrian fatalities are likely a result of not only engineering issues but also interrelated social and political factors. Solutions may be correspondingly comprehensive, employing non-linear, systems-based approaches such as Safe Systems.     

森林地表火蔓延模拟方法及其计算机实现

进行了森林火蔓延的研究,对传统的经验公式和模型进行改进,明显发现改进的模型有更好的结果,用计算机巧妙准确地实现了模拟模型,在风力不是特别大,地形变化不是特别剧烈时,该模型有较高精度;并结合火蔓延的主要因素（气象因子、气候、地形等）,进行系统分析,写出算地,编制实现地表火蔓延的预测预报计算机系统软件。这对于有效的组织扑救、减少火灾损失、计算森林火灾的损失评估有重要意义。     

潞安矿区煤层渗透率的各向异性特征实验研究

为了研究原位煤体渗透性的各向异性特征,以山西潞安常村矿3号煤层圆柱试样为对象,利用TCQT-Ⅲ型低渗煤层气相驱替增产试验装置,对煤样进行加载,并以氮气注入压力2.0 MPa的条件下,分析垂直层理和平行层理2个方向的煤体变形和渗透率变化特征。实验结果表明:煤样在加载过程中,平行和垂直层理煤样渗透率均随着有效应力的增大而减小,平行层理方向的渗透率始终大于垂直层理方向,应力加载初期渗透率急剧下降,最后逐渐趋于平缓;径向应变的增加量与渗透率呈正相关性,且平行层理相关性大于垂直层理;沿平行层理方向的裂隙度大于沿垂直层理方向,沿垂直层理方向的应变量大于沿平行层理方向;应变增加量均随有效应力的增加而逐渐减小。研究结果可为煤层井网布置及优化提供参考。     

Footedness and Mounting—Short Review and Two Case Studies

Footedness is a personal quality like handedness. Footedness may be associated with moving ability during mounting, dismounting, and jumping movements. Occupational accidents have occurred during movement at different working levels, during the use of access and exit systems, and during the mounting of vehicles. Aging can also affect accident risk and body laterality. For example, falling accidents on stairs are common among the elderly. One reason for accidents may be that the structure of the access system or stair system is unsuitable for individual moving patterns depending partly on body laterality. Footedness and the way the feet are used may be contradictory to the demands of the moving situation, especially during uncommon or rapid situations. This contradiction may trigger disturbance during moving. The aims of this pilot study were (a) to review the literature briefly and (b) to describe the use of the dominant and nondominant foot by farmers and the elderly when mounting a tractor and stairs, respectively. The study also gives ideas for future studies based on both (a) and (b).     

AHP与GA-SVM耦合模型在滑坡预警中的应用*

为了减少滑坡造成的损失，提高滑坡预测的准确性，通过搭建灾害模拟平台获得滑坡的实验数据，在获得多组模拟实验数据后，分析各变量的特性。首先，通过层次分析(Analytic Hierarchy Process，AHP)算法，对滑坡进行危险度划分；然后，通过支持向量机(Support Vector Machine，SVM)建立模型，遗传算法(Genetic Algorithm,GA)再优化SVM参数，提出1种层次分析法与GA-SVM相耦合的模型。研究结果表明:AHP方法划分后的数据，通过GA与SVM结合建立的模型精度较好，实验预测结果与实际结果较为吻合，与单一SVM相比，精度更高，结果更好，更加适用于多变量的复杂非线性滑坡预警。     

一起有机过氧化物爆炸事故的调查和分析

阐述一起重大爆炸伤亡事故的现场调查和原因分析，介绍如何通过人证物证材料，用鱼刺图法找出可能引起事故的诸原因，逐项加以分析，将与人证或物证材料相矛盾的原因子以排除，最后剩下无法排除亦即能与人证物证相符的那个原因，就是事故的真正原因。笔者是这起事故调查专家组组长，取证和数据可靠。     

Debunking the false dichotomy of leadership idealism and pragmatism: Critical evaluation and support of newer genre leadership theories

Leadership theories have shifted over the last few decades from a focus on managerial functions and economic leader–follower exchanges toward greater focus on the interpersonal dynamics occurring within the leadership process. Theories such as transformational, ethical, authentic, and other “newer genre” theories were created to address neglected topics such as leader vision and inspirational messages, transparency, emotional effects, morality, individualized attention, and intellectual stimulation. Critiques of these theories, however, have been raised. In this paper, we address five of those critiques and argue for the validity and practical effectiveness of the new genre theories. Further, we describe how newer genre leadership research should be viewed as a performative epistemology, entailing a process of co‐creation involving scholars and practitioners. Finally, from this view, we provide general ideas for leader development. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Occupational Safety and Health in Finland

In Finland, occupational safety is the responsibility of the employer, while the occupational safety and health laws are enforced by the Labour Inspection Service, an organization of the state. The Labour Inspection is divided in 11 administrative districts, and it employs 360 professionals. They are mandated to carry out site visits without prearranged appointments to inspect safe work situations, working hours, construction safety, or any aspect of accident risks. The inspectors are also mandated to verify the existence of sufficient occupational health services as prescribed by the Occupational Health Services Act for all employees. The occupational health services are typically provided by enterprise-owned medical departments, by mutually owned health care centers, by private practitioners, or by municipal health care centers. The latter are required by law to provide all services as prescribed by the legislation to anyone who comes to the facility. This situation is prevalent in the countryside, where there are very few private caregiving centers. Declaring occupational accidents and disease cases is mandatory, and the Inspection districts examine all accidents to establish causes and consequences, and to initiate prosecution in case of criminal negligence. Labour Inspection Districts are also notified of the new occupational disease cases as they are declared to insurance companies. Insurance for occupational disease, accidents, and death is an obligation of the employer, although they can choose the insurance company. The medical confidentiality between the workers and their occupational health care providers is very strict. Official statistics are maintained by the state Statistics Finland organization, and they may be used, for example, for research purposes by scientific institutes like the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health. Construction industry accounts for 25% of all fatal accidents (120 cases per 1 million working hours), followed by mechanical, wood, metal, machinery, and pulp and paper industry (10% each of fatal accidents) with rates ranging from 100–160 cases per 1 million working hours. There are some 5,000 occupational disease cases per year (rate 22/10,000 employed). The major disease categories include repetitive strain injuries (1,300 cases), respiratory allergies (600 cases), occupational skin diseases (1,000 cases), and 900 cases of noise-caused hearing loss. In 1998, 589 cases of asbestos-related diseases were reported.