石家庄市典型乡镇饮用水源地环境调查与分析

通过调查“十一五”期间石家庄市县级行政区典型乡镇集中式饮用水水源地开展基础环境状况，了解典型乡镇饮用水水源地属性、水质水量状况以及饮用水水源地保护区划分情况，分析研究影响石家庄市典型乡镇饮用水水源水质的主要因素，针对饮用水水源地环境问题进行评估并对乡镇集中式饮用水水源地监管能力建设情况、环境管理制度执行情况提出相关建议及对策。     

太湖梅梁湾水源水中微囊藻毒素浓度的变化

对太湖梅梁湾水源水中的总藻毒素TMC[(TMC-LR) (TMC-RR)]和胞外藻毒素EMC[(EMC-LR) (EMC-RR)]进行了跟踪检测.结果表明,水体中TMC-RR、TMC-LR、EMC-RR、EMC-LR质量浓度平均分别为1.819 μg/L、1.090 μg/L、0.491 μg/L和0.077 μg/L,无锡市的主要水源地水质已受到微囊藻毒素的污染.提出,应加强水源地水体中微囊藻毒素浓度的监测,确保饮用水的安全.     

《饮用水水源保护区划分技术规范》颁布

由国家环保总局制定颁布的《饮用水水源保护区划分技术规范》将于2007年2月1日起实施。这一标准规定了地表水饮用水水源保护区、地下水饮用水水源保护区划分的基本方法和饮用水水源保护区划分技术文件的编制要求，是防治饮用水水源地污染、保证饮用水安全的指导性标准。     

集中式饮用水水源地环境监控预警体系构建

系统阐述了集中式饮用水水源地环境监控预警体系构建的内容和要素,并介绍了如何建立由风险监控系统、信息发布系统和预警响应系统等组成的水源地监控预警平台,以实现水源地环境监控预警信息和技术的统一管理和资源共享,为饮用水安全保障提供决策支持。     

长江口南通地区农村集中式饮用水源水质状况调查

对南通市24座乡镇地表水厂以及199座乡镇地下水厂的水源水质状况进行了调查.结果表明,地表水水源地中有14座水厂达标,其取水量占地表水取水总量62.8%.水体中主要污染物是NH3-N、石油类、Imn.全市乡镇地下水厂饮用水源水质达标水厂为56座,其取水量占地下水取水总量的26.2%.全市地下水中主要污染物为NH3-N、...     

铁岭市地下饮用水水源地水质现状评价与防治对策

在经济高速发展的同时，关系人民群众切身利益的饮水安全状况堪忧．由于水源地污染而引起的社会问题相当突出，饮用水水源保护问题已引起国家的高度重视．本文对铁岭市地下饮用水水源地的现状进行分析评价，并提出了防治对策．     

饮用水水源地防控与预警体系研究

根据全国饮用水水源地调查和现行政策法规,结合江苏省及泰州市饮用水水源地专项整治情况,全面分析了饮用水水源地防控和预警工作中存在的问题,借鉴国外饮用水水源地防控预警的特色做法,阐述了适合中国国情的饮用水水源防控及预警的十项保护措施。     

新疆主要城市集中式饮用水源地水质评价

2007年新疆环保系统的调查和评价结果表明,新疆16个主要城市的31个现役集中式饮用水源地总供水量为4.47×10^8m^3,担负着供应420万常住城市人口的生活饮用水、部分工业用水和城市生态用水的责任;城市饮用水源地总体水质良好,水质达标比例为83.9%,不同地区、不同水源类型间存在差异;由于受原生土壤地质条件和人类活动的影响,目前有5个集中式饮用水源地超过国家规定的水质标准,而且部分饮用水源地中有机污染物有多项检出;受水源保护区划工作滞后、监管力度不够等因素影响,部分城市饮用水源地存在一定的环境安全隐患。     

饮用水源地防控与预警研究

根据全国饮用水源地调查和现行政策法规,结合江苏省及泰州市饮用水源地专项整治情况,全面分析了饮用水源地防控和预警工作中存在的问题,借鉴国外饮用水源地防控预警的特色做法,阐述了适合中国国情的饮用水源防控及预警的10项保护措施,供环保从业人员参考。     

长江流域饮用水水源地及国控断面邻苯二甲酸酯赋存状况调查及生态风险评估

于2022年9月,对长江流域饮用水水源地及重要国控断面共37个点位的16种邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）残留开展了监测调查及生态风险评估。结果显示,长江流域饮用水水源地和国控断面中检出的PAEs质量浓度为0.499~6.018 μg/L,其中,邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DIBP）、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯（DBP）和邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）为主要检出物质。不同地区的PAEs赋存水平呈现差异,其中湖南省饮用水水源地的PAEs检出浓度最高。此外,PAEs质量浓度与监测点位所在地区的人口数量和国内生产总值（GDP）存在一定的正相关性。生态风险评估结果表明,DBP处于低风险等级,DIBP对鱼类具有中、高风险影响;而DEHP生态风险水平最高,对藻类、甲壳类和鱼类均表现出中、高风险水平。已有文献研究比对分析发现,2009—2022年长江流域大部分地区的PAEs残留浓度随时间呈下降趋势,且饮用水水源地的PAEs质量浓度比地表水环境更低。研究结果可为长江流域饮用水水源地保护和地表水环境改善提供决策依据。     

长江南通段水环境容量核定及总量控制研究

近年来南通市废水排放量逐年增大，一旦污染物排放量超过水环境容量，将影响到南通市供水水源的安全性，因此，对长江南通段进行水环境容量核定及总量控制研究十分必要。探讨了适用于长江水体的水环境容量计算方法和模型参数，对长江南通段水环境容量、污染物入江量及剩余环境容量进行了测算，并提出控制污染物入江量、合理利用水环境容量的措施建议。     

垃圾填埋场室内模拟试验注水量确定方法及其应用

针对填埋场室内模拟试验往往忽略降雨径流和初损的问题,提出运用SCS模型确定室内模拟试验日注水量的方法,并将计算结果应用于成都长安填埋场室内模拟试验中.结果表明,采用SCS模型计算所得的日入渗量进行注水的模拟柱渗滤液产量和水质变化能够更准确的模拟填埋场实际情况.     

Fluoride Concentration in Drinking Water of Karachi City (Pakistan)

The ground and municipal water supply samples of Karachi city were analyzed for their fluoride contents. The fluoride contents in water samples collected from the subsurface and river sources were found below the WHO recommended value for the general health of the people. However, in some industrial areas the groundwater sample showed higher level of fluoride concentration. Continuous monitoring of water resources and cautious fluoridation is suggested to maintain proper status of fluoride concentration in the drinking water.     

Assessment of groundwater quality in Puri City, India: an impact of anthropogenic activities

Puri City is situated on the east coast of India and receives water supply only from the groundwater sources demarcated as water fields. The objective of this paper is to assess and evaluate the groundwater quality due to impact of anthropogenic activities in the city. Groundwater samples were collected from the water fields, hand pumps, open wells, and open water bodies during post-monsoon 2006 and summer 2007. Groundwater quality was evaluated with drinking water standards as prescribed by Bureau of Indian Standards and Environmental Protection Agency to assess the suitability. The study indicated seasonal variation of water-quality parameters within the water fields and city area. Groundwater in the water fields was found to be suitable for drinking after disinfection. While in city area, groundwater quality was impacted by onsite sanitary conditions. The study revealed that groundwater quality was deteriorated due to the discharge of effluent from septic tanks, soak pits, pit latrines, discharges of domestic wastewater in leaky drains, and leachate from solid waste dumpsite. Based on observed groundwater quality, various mitigation measures were suggested to protect the water fields and further groundwater contamination in the city.     

2007-2013年乌鲁木齐市集中式饮用水源地水质变化趋势分析及对策建议

对2007-2013年乌鲁木齐市集中式饮用水源地水质监测数据进行综合分析，泉水型地下饮用水源地米东区三水厂受储水介质及当地地质化学结构的影响，溶解盐类常年超标，水质较差；湖库型地表水源地五、八水厂总磷浓度在个别年份存在一定程度的超标现象，且地表水源地中挥发性卤代烃类、硝基苯和酞酸酯类等有机项目及镍等重金属类检出率较高，存在一定程度的风险。对此提出了进一步完善水源地环境保护及合理开发优质水资源的对策建议，为首府饮用水源地的保护和相关研究工作提供依据。     

Implementation of water safety plan for a large-piped water supply system

A water safety plan for the city of Nagpur was developed by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI) and Nagpur Municipal Corporation (NMC). Possible hazards were identified through field visits. Based on this, an improvement plan was drawn up to suggest corrective actions and a time frame for implementation. The findings of this study are being used to modify or repair components of the water supply system and upgrade management procedures. This paper highlights the lessons learnt during implementation of the WSP and the key challenges faced.     

Multivariate analysis of drinking water quality parameters in Bhopal, India

Pollution of water bodies is one of the areas of major concern to environmentalists. Water quality is an index of health and well being of a society. Industrialization, urbanization and modern agriculture practices have direct impact on the water resources. These factors influence the water resources quantitatively and qualitatively. The study area selected were the Upper lake and Kolar reservoir of Bhopal, the state capital of Madhya Pradesh, India. The Upper lake and Kolar reservoir both are the important sources of potable water supply for the Bhopal city. The physico–chemical parameters like temperature, pH, turbidity, total hardness, alkalinity, BOD, COD, Chloride, nitrate and phosphate were studied to ascertain the drinking water quality.     

Domestic Water Contamination in Rapidly Growing Megacities of Asia: Case of Karachi, Pakistan

The development of essential services including water and sanitation in many megacities of the economically developing countries of Asia cannot keep pace with their rapidly growing population and accompanying urban and industrial development. The inadequate water supply and poor sanitation services lead to contamination of their water supply. It also leads to the input of sewage water into the groundwater. The problem is seriously acute in Karachi, the largest city in Pakistan with a population of over 12 million and growing at 6 percent. This paper examines the problem of water contamination in Karachi. The paper presents the data on water quality from various sources, mainly municipal water supply, vendors and well water; the three major sources of water for domestic use in Karachi. Except municipal water from some areas and during certain periods, water from most other sources contain coliform bacteria, and in many cases faecal coliform, in amounts several magnitudes higher than any standards permit. Many samples have also been found to contain heavy metals including Chromium, Lead, Nickel and Arsenic in amounts excessive of permitted standards. The probable sources of contaminants for the various types of water (piped, vendors, wells) indicate that groundwater may be the main contributor. The very source of this groundwater is predominantly from sewage. The health hazards from consuming such contaminated water are obvious. The paper also evaluates the solutions that are being practiced, proposed or may be feasible, as well as those that are evolving.     

Studies on heavy metals in the ground waters of the city of Aligarh U.P. (India)

A study was conducted to determine the levels of heavy metals Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn along with physico-chemical parameters in ground waters of Aligarh city, U.P. (India). Twenty seven samples of hand pump water and twenty three samples of municipal water supply were collected from different localities of the Aligarh city, five times during the period of two months at intervals of 12 days. The samples were analysed for physico-chemical characteristics (pH, electrical conductivity, chlorides, sulphates, total hardness, total alkalinity, nitrate-nitrogen, fluoride, calcium and magnesium) and heavy metal contents. The concentrations of heavy metals in the hand pump water samples were found in the ranges of Cd (ND-5.00); Cr (ND-30.00); Cu (ND-82.50); Fe (16.80–460.00); Mn (ND-425.00); Ni (ND-25.00); Pb (ND-25.00) and Zn (28.60–775.00) g l^–1. The heavy metal concentrations in the municipal water supply samples were found to be Cd (ND-5.00); Cr (ND-25.00); Cu (ND-37.50); Fe (8.00–37.50); Mn (ND-320.00); Ni (ND-25.00); Pb (ND-25.00) and Zn (2.00–271.87) g l^–1.It appears from the results of these studies the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the ground waters of the Aligarh City were found to be lower than the prescribed limits of World Health Organisation (1984), whereas the values of Fe and Mn were found above the prescribed limits in some localities. The chloride total hardness and nitrate-nitrogen were comparatively higher in the hand pump water than the municipal supply water. The reason of higher values of these parameters may be ascribed to the surface disposal of sewage wastes, wastes from metal processing industries and other house hold refuses.     

基于熵权综合健康指数法的瀛湖水生态系统健康评估

瀛湖是南水北调丹江口水库重要的水源涵养区,承担着丹江口水库60%的供水量,又是沿线乡镇和安康市城区饮用水水源地。在充分调查的基础上,采用综合健康指数法对1986—2012年之间瀛湖的水生态系统健康状况进行了评估,结果表明,1986—2005年,瀛湖水生态系统健康指数呈逐渐下降趋势,健康状态由健康降至一般病态;2005—2012年之间,瀛湖水生态系统健康指数总体呈上升趋势,健康状态除2010年为一般病态外,其余均为亚健康状态。