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我国电子废弃物管理与资源化对策 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
电子废弃物对人类环境的影响,已成为全球化的问题.通过对发达国家关于电子废弃物管理以及资源化技术的进展回顾,针对我国目前的情况提出相应的对策:制定延伸生产者责任以及有害物质的停用限期的相应法规;建立电子废弃物回收网络体系;通过国家政策和经济的扶持,尽快建立专门处理电子废弃物的机构;加快我国电子废弃物处理技术的步伐,尽快提高现有工艺及设备. 相似文献
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《环境工程学报》2015,(7)
随着电器电子产品的快速消费和流转,我国正面临电子废弃物国内产生量和国外非法进口量迅速增长的现实问题。废弃电器电子产品处理基金政策(简称"基金"政策)推动了我国电子废弃物资源化产业的发展,带来显著的环境效益。通过解析电子废弃物生命周期过程及其关键的碳减排和碳排放环节,提出了电子废弃物资源化全生命周期碳减排效益评估方法,并以废弃电冰箱为例开展了案例研究。结果表明,制冷剂回收所致碳减排量占废弃电冰箱资源化过程全部碳减排量的92.5%;相对于制冷剂的回收,再生材料产出带来的碳减排效益并不显著;拆解处理所消耗电力的生产是资源化过程碳排放的主要来源,所占比例达89.7%;综合来看,单台废弃电冰箱资源化全生命周期的碳减排效益为1 573.17 kg CO2-eq,2013年我国废弃电冰箱在正规处理体系内资源化带来的碳减排总效益为94.86×104t CO2-eq,"基金"政策驱动效应已初步显现。 相似文献
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从法律、技术、环境、经济以及社会层面,结合国际流行管理理念,对苏南危险废物处理处置现状进行了全面评估;提出了苏南危险废物综合管理方案以及废物减量化、资源化、收集、运输、处理处置的技术模式;未来危险废物处理厂的选址方法及标准;新建现代化废弃物物化处理厂、焚烧厂以及填埋场的实施方案。 相似文献
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从电子废物对环境的危害出发,分析了国内外电子废物的处理利用现状,提出了中国电子废物管理的对策与建议,即建立和完善电子废物回收治理的政策体系;建立电子产业的研究机构和技术队伍;建立生产单位的责任激励制度;形成宣传监督管理氛围等。 相似文献
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电子废弃物的环境污染及防治对策 总被引:30,自引:1,他引:30
论述了电子废弃物产生污染的主要原因,分析了其来源及危害,并结合回收,处理和清洁生产,提出了预防和控制电子废弃物污染的具体办法。 相似文献
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分析了废电子电器回收处理体系的问题,提出了一种适合我国国情的废电子电器回收处理体系模式,并对国家对废电子电器回收处理体系的支持问题进行了讨论。 相似文献
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Jingying Li Zhongying Ge Changjin Liang Ni An 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(20):16578-16591
A large number of waste mobile phones have already been generated and are being generated. Various countries around the world have all been positively exploring the way of recycling and reuse when facing such a large amount of waste mobile phones. In some countries, processing waste mobile phones has been forming a complete industrial chain, which can not only recycle waste mobile phones to reduce their negative influence on the environment but also turn waste into treasure to acquire economic benefits dramatically. However, the situation of recycling waste mobile phones in China is not going well. Waste mobile phones are not formally covered by existing regulations and policies for the waste electric and electronic equipment in China. In order to explore an appropriate system to recover waste mobile phones, the mobile phone production and the amount of waste mobile phones are introduced in this paper, and status of waste mobile phones recycling is described; then, the disposal technology of electronic waste that would be most likely to be used for processing of electronic waste in industrial applications in the near future is reviewed. Finally, rationalization proposals are put forward based on the current recovery status of waste mobile phones for the purpose of promoting the development of recycling waste mobile phones in developing countries with a special emphasis on China. 相似文献
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Li Shuhao Sun Qiang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(5):11584-11599
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The standardization of formal recycling and rational subsidy plays an important role in waste electrical and electronic equipment recycling. In order... 相似文献
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Hidy GM Mueller P Chow JC Overcamp T Baer M Watson J Diaz-Robles L Friedl L 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2011,61(6):587-610
Issues surrounding the impact and management of discarded or waste electronic and electrical equipment (WEEE) have received increasing attention in recent years. This attention stems from the growing quantity and diversity of electronic and electrical equipment (EEE) used by modern society, the increasingly rapid turnover of EEE with the accompanying burden on the waste stream, and the occurrence of toxic chemicals in many EEE components that can pose a risk to human and environmental health if improperly managed. In addition, public awareness of the WEEE or "e-waste" dilemma has grown in light of popular press features on events such as the transition to digital television and the exportation of WEEE from the United States and other developed countries to Africa, China, and India, where WEEE has often not been managed in a safe manner (e.g., processed with proper safety precautions, disposed of in a sanitary landfill, combusted with proper air quality procedures). This paper critically reviews current published information on the subject of WEEE. The definition, magnitude, and characteristics of this waste stream are summarized, including a detailed review of the chemicals of concern associated with different components and how this has changed and continues to evolve over time. Current and evolving management practices are described (e.g., reuse, recycling, incineration, landfilling). This review discusses the role of regulation and policies developed by governments, institutions, and product manufacturers and how these initiatives are shaping current and future management practices. 相似文献
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Characterisation of polymer fractions from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) and implications for waste management 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
There is an increasing interest in the end-of-life management of polymers present in waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). This is mainly due to high recycling and recovery quotas set by the European WEEE directive, which can only be fulfilled by including the plastic fraction in recycling and recovery approaches. Previous studies identified a high material diversity and various contaminants in WEEE plastics, including heavy metals, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB), diphenyl ethers (PBDE), as well as polybrominated dibenzodioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/F). These substances are regulated by European directives that limit their levels in marketable products. Consequently, both material diversity and contaminants are strong arguments against material recycling and point to hazardous waste treatment. However, recent developments in the production of flame retardants and electrical and electronic goods aimed to reduce contaminants and material diversity. Thus, the present study summarises updated contaminant levels of plastic fractions of European WEEE, as well as data on materials in waste housing polymers. Material characterisation revealed housing fractions to be interesting sources for polymer recycling, which however has to implement potent material separation and/or bromine elimination techniques. With respect to contaminants, our data indicate an effective phase-out of PBB, but still high levels of PBDE and PBDD/F are found. Sources and implications for the material recycling and thermal recovery approaches are discussed in detail. 相似文献
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ChengJian Xu Wenxuan Zhang Wenzhi He Guangming Li Juwen Huang Haochen Zhu 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(26):20825-20830
With the increasing adoption of EVs (electric vehicles), a large number of waste EV LIBs (electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries) were generated in China. Statistics showed generation of waste EV LIBs in 2016 reached approximately 10,000 tons, and the amount of them would be growing rapidly in the future. In view of the deleterious effects of waste EV LIBs on the environment and the valuable energy storage capacity or materials that can be reused in them, China has started emphasizing the management, reuse, and recycling of them. This paper presented the generation trend of waste EV LIBs and focused on interrelated management development and experience in China. Based on the situation of waste EV LIBs management in China, existing problems were analyzed and summarized. Some recommendations were made for decision-making organs to use as valuable references to improve the management of waste EV LIBs and promote the sustainable development of EVs. 相似文献
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本文介绍了我国危险废物产生量、分布特点、管理现状及发展趋势 ,分析了我国地方及云南省危险废物管理中存在的问题 ,提出了解决问题的对策和建议。 相似文献
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Abhishek Kumar Awasthi Xianlai Zeng Jinhui Li 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(21):21141-21156
Waste electrical and electronic equipment (e-waste) is the most rapidly growing waste stream in the world, and the majority of the residues are openly disposed of in developing countries. Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) make up the major portion of e-waste, and their informal recycling can cause environmental pollution and health risks. Furthermore, the conventional disposal and recycling techniques—mechanical treatments used to recover valuable metals, including copper—are not sustainable in the long term. Chemical leaching is rapid and efficient but causes secondary pollution. Bioleaching is a promising approach, eco-friendly and economically feasible, but it is slower process. This review considers the recycling potential of microbes and suggests an integrated bioleaching approach for Cu extraction and recovery from WPCBs. The proposed recycling system should be more effective, efficient and both technically and economically feasible. 相似文献
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随着中国市场经济的发展,各种工业项目如雨后春笋般在中国各地兴起,随之而来的是给生态环境带来的巨大压力。化工项目一般都伴随着废水、废气、固废的产生。其中废水的排放尤其要引起重视,近年来国内很多研究人员都在研究含盐化工废水的回收利用。文中围绕多效蒸发处理含盐化工废水的技术工艺展开论述,对国内在多效蒸发技术方面的应用进展进行简要概述。 相似文献