EDTA络合滴定法测定硫酸盐化速率

将碱片的硫酸盐溶解到水中，加入过量的氯化物溶液，使产生硫酸钡沉淀，过量钡离子用ＥＤＴＡ溶液滴定，差量法测出硫酸根含量，从而得到硫酸盐化速率量。     

示波极谱滴定法测定工业废水中的氰化物

在ｐＨ为１０３的氯化铵氨水底液中,使氰化物与Ｎｉ２＋离子形成稳定物〔Ｎｉ（ＣＮ）４〕２－络离子,过量的Ｎｉ２＋离子用标准ＥＤＴＡ溶液返滴,以Ｎｉ２＋离子在交流示波极谱图上的切口消失指示滴定终点,废水的色度、浊度等对测定不产生干扰,无须进行预蒸馏处理,操作简便,快速。方法的相对偏差小于１０％,变异系数小于０７％,水样的加标收率为９６～１０７％。     

容量法测定环境样品中硫酸根时钡镁混合液加入量的探讨

容量法测定环境样品中硫酸根时钡镁混合液加入量的探讨郑奇，刘瑞欣，杨佃华（巴州环境监测站８４１０００）环境样品中硫酸根的测定一般有重量法，比浊法，离子色谱法，容量法等。重量法准确，但操作冗繁，离子色谱法灵敏，快速，但仪器设备昂贵，一般监测站无力购买，比...     

总磷测定中抗坏血酸溶液的保存

钼锑抗分光光度法测定总磷,抗坏血酸溶液不稳定,放置在空气中容易氧化变色而失效。《水和废水监测分析方法》（简称方法）［１］说明它在冷处可稳定数周。有关资料［２,３］曾提到抗坏血酸溶液的变质与试液中的杂质铜离子有关,建议加入少量ＥＤＴＡ和甲酸或乙酸作为稳...     

离子色谱法测定空气中的甲酸和乙酸

离子色谱法分析空气中甲酸和乙酸效果较好。1　试验1 1　主要仪器与试剂ＤＩＯＮＥＸＴＥＣＨＣＯＭＰＤＸ - 1 0 0Ｔ离子色谱仪 ,配ＤＩＯＮＥＸＡＳＲＳ抑制器、ＤＩＯＮＥＳＡＳ4Ａ -ＳＣ阴离子分离柱、ＤＩＯＮＥＸＡＧ4Ａ -ＳＣ保护柱、电导检测器 ;ＴＥＬＥ色谱工作站 ;     

二氧化硫标准溶液标定的异议

大气监测二氧化硫分析方法 (ＧＢ/Ｔ 1 52 62 -94)中 ,配制的二氧化硫标准溶液 ,标定时给定的范围是 32 0 μｇ/ｍＬ～ 40 0 μｇ/ｍＬ二氧化硫 ,而在实际操作中 ,每次标定都在 50 5μｇ/ｍＬ～ 50 8μｇ/ｍＬ之间。此结果的出现不是偶然所致 ,而是方法给定的范围有误。1　试验与分析1 1　配制步骤 :将 0 2 0 0 ｇ亚硫酸钠溶于 2 0 0ｍＬ现配的ＥＤＴＡ - 2Ｎａ溶液中 ,缓慢摇匀以防充氧 ,使其溶解 ,定容至 2 0 0ｍＬ。1 2　二氧化硫标准理论浓度值ＥＤＴＡ - 2Ｎａ是稳定剂 ,亚硫酸钠溶于ＥＤＴＡ- 2Ｎａ溶液中不发生反应 ,在水中电离以…     

EDTA络合滴定法测定硫酸盐化速率

碱片硫酸盐化速率的分析过程是将碱片上的硫酸盐溶解 ,转移到水中 ,然后测定水溶液中硫酸根的含量。 EDTA络合滴定法测定硫酸盐化速率 ,是在转移的水溶液中加入过量的氯化钡溶液 ,使硫酸根与钡离子产生硫酸钡沉淀 ( Ksp=1.1× 10 - 10 ) ,过量的钡离子用 EDTA溶液滴定 ,差量法测硫酸根含量。该方法在我国环境监测中属创新监测分析方法 ,在天津、上海、江苏、四川、广东等地有所应用 ,其中所用试剂比重量法少 ,时间短 ,操作方法简单 ,准确度和精密度较重量法高。1　原理将吸收了二氧化硫的碱片加水浸泡 ,使硫酸根溶出 ,上清液用盐酸酸化 …     

离子色谱法测定PM_(2.5)中硫酸根离子含量不确定度评议

准确测定大气颗粒物中水溶性组份对分析污染物来源及身体健康具有重要意义。本文采用离子色谱法测定PM2.5中硫酸根离子含量,并对测定的不确定度进行分析。分析过程不确定度来源是样品重复性测量引入不确定度,样品测量准确性引入不确定度和标准曲线的不确定度。应用不确定度评定理论,计算硫酸根离子的合成不确定度。结果表明,滤膜中硫酸根离子本底浓度高低与剪裁滤膜环节是不确定度的主要来源。为了提高分析的准确性,建议使用本底低的滤膜,并取整张滤膜进行分析。     

联合国统计处（UNSTAT）

联合国统计处（ＵＮＳＴＡＴ）在环境统计领域，联合国统计处（ＵＮ－ＳＴＡＴ）着重于环境统计原理和方法的研究。主要成果包括“环境统计学发展框架”（ＦＤＥＳ），该组织任务是促进环境统计工作的发展、合作和组织。ＵＮＳＴＡＴ已出版了两份技术报告：“环境统计学的...     

测定水中总硬度应注意的几个问题

测定水中总硬度应注意的几个问题ＰｒｏｂｌｅｍｓｏｆＤｅｔｅｃｔｉｎｇＴｏｔａｌＨａｒｄｎｅｓｏｆＷａｔｅｒ宋永乐徐衍忠王均乐李善富（山东省五莲县环境监测站五莲２６２３００）一般常用ＥＤＴＡ滴定法（ＧＢ７４７７－８７）测定水中总硬度。它的主要特点是仪器...     

烟尘测试中体积相对误差的校验方法

对在烟尘测试中采样体积相对误差产生的原因进行了分析,提出了检验方法。并通过实例验证了本方法的可行性。     

Application of a modified BCR sequential extraction (three-step) procedure for the determination of extractable trace metal contents in a sewage sludge amended soil reference material (CRM 483), complemented by a three-year stability study of acetic acid and EDTA extractable metal content

This paper provides additional data on a sewage sludge amended soil certified reference material, CRM 483, which was certified in 1997 for its EDTA and acetic acid extractable contents of some trace metals, following standardised extraction procedures. The additional work aimed to test the long-term stability of the material and the applicability of an improved version of the BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure on the sewage sludge amended soil (CRM 483). The paper demonstrates the CRM 483 long-term stability for EDTA and acetic acid extractable contents of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn and gives the results (obtained in the framework of an interlaboratory study) for the extractable contents of the same elements in the CRM 483, following the BCR three-step sequential extraction scheme. The aqua regia extractable contents following the ISO 11466 Standard are also given. The data are given as indicative (not certified) values.     

示波极谱滴定法测定水和废水中的溶解氧

在pH值为6.5的NaAc-HAc底液中，加入经处理后的水样10ml，用EDTA标准溶液滴定其中的Mn^2 ，以EDTA在示波极谱上的切口到一定深度指示终点，废水的色度、浊度等对测定不产生干扰，不需进行预处理，操作简便、快速。该方法的相对误差小于1.0%，变异系数小于0.7%。     

An ultra-clean firn core from the Devon Island Ice Cap, Nunavut, Canada, retrieved using a titanium drill specially designed for trace element studies

An electromechanical drill with titanium barrels was used to recover a 63.7 m long firn core from Devon Island Ice Cap, Nunavut, Canada, representing 155 years of precipitation. The core was processed and analysed at the Geological Survey of Canada by following strict clean procedures for measurements of Pb and Cd at concentrations at or below the pg g(-1) level. This paper describes the effectiveness of the titanium drill with respect to contamination during ice core retrieval and evaluates sample-processing procedures in laboratories. The results demonstrate that: (1) ice cores retrieved with this titanium drill are of excellent quality with metal contamination one to four orders of magnitude less than those retrieved with conventional drills; (2) the core cleaning and sampling protocols used were effective, contamination-free, and adequate for analysis of the metals (Pb and Cd) at low pg g(-1) levels; and (3) results from 489 firn core samples analysed in this study are comparable with published data from other sites in the Arctic, Greenland and the Antarctic.     

对大气采样误差的理论研究

环境监测数据是环境保护工作的基础,监测仪器设备的精良及监测方法的科学性则是获得优质数据的保障工具.本文运用数学方法对目前广泛使用的采样仪器进行了采样误差的分析研究,指出了改善仪器和改善监测方法去获取更精确数据的途径.     

Pattern of Hexa-Valent Chromium in Air Borne Respirable Dust Generated at Various Workplaces in Opencast Chromite Mines

The paper presents a study into air borne respirable dust (ARD) concentration at various workplaces in two open cast chromite mines of Sukinda chromite belt, India. One of these mines is mechanised and the other one is semi-mechanised. The study has been conducted in three phases and ARD concentration has been measured at various workplaces in both the mines. Apart from the determination of ARD concentration, the dust samples collected on filter papers were analysed for hexa-valent chromium by colorimetric method and Cr(VI) direct absorption measurement. In addition, the particle size ranges in ARD have been determined by using cascade impactor fitted onto high volume samplers and laser guided particle size analyser. The paper finally presents a comparison between ARD concentration vis-à-vis the presence of hexa-valent chromium concentration in collected samples of both mechanised and semi-mechanised mines.     

Quantifying the influence of EDTA on polymer nanoparticle deposition and retention in an iron-oxide-coated sand column

Ethylenediaminotetraacetic acid (EDTA) occurring in groundwater aquifers complicates the prediction of nanoparticle movement in the porous medium. This paper demonstrates an approach combining Triple Pulse Experiments (TPEs) and numerical modelling to quantify the influence of EDTA on the deposition and retention of polymer nanoparticles in a water-saturated column packed with iron-oxide-coated sand. TPEs injecting three successive pulses in the order of nanoparticle, EDTA, nanoparticle permit nanoparticle deposition in the absence and the presence of EDTA to be compared. Random Sequential Adsorption (RSA) modelling of the nanoparticle breakthrough curves combining mass balance calculation allows the influence of EDTA to be quantified. TPE results demonstrate that the injected EDTA eluted the oxide coatings (favorable deposition sites) from the sand surface and the resulting decline in sites led to enhanced nanoparticle mobility in the subsequent pulse. Quantification results suggest that at the experimental time-scale and under the controlled conditions, elution of one deposition site requires injection of 2.4 × 10(11) EDTA molecules. In total, 75 gram EDTA needs to be injected to remove all the column sites.     

中红外光谱法快速测定车内空气中多组分有机污染物

随着汽车进入家庭,车内空气质量越来越受到人们的重视,亟需建立一种车内空气中有机污染物的快速测定方法以满足日常监测需要。将中红外光谱技术与化学计量学方法相结合,建立了一种快速测定车内空气中苯系物的方法。以偏最小二乘法(PLS)建立分析预测模型,并对光谱预处理方法、主因子数进行了优化。最佳校正模型对苯、甲苯、二甲苯浓度的校正均方差、预测均方差和交叉验证均方差分别为0.0089、0.0200和0.1115,0.0116、0.0011 和0.1398以及0.0137、0.0037和0.1390。研究表明,该方法具有较高的准确度和较好的适用性,用于测定车内空气中苯系物的浓度是可行的,并能大大提高车内空气质量监测的效率。     

Leaching Characteristics of Heavy Metals and As from Two Urban Roadside Soils

The leaching tests, including the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP), EDTA extraction and BCR sequential extractions before and after EDTA treatments, were performed on two specific soils to elucidate heavy metal-associated mineral fractions and general leachability. The TCLP illustrated the low leachability of heavy metals in soils from two sites. EDTA is a strong chelator and therefore had higher extraction efficiency compared to that of TCLP. The lower extraction percentages by EDTA for As and Sb were found compared to the other heavy metals derived from anthropogenic sources. Sequential extractions showed that the importance of acid-extractable, organically-bound and Fe–Mn oxide fractions was identified for anthropogenic heavy metals with the exception of As and Ni while the importance of residual fraction was identified for endogenous metals. Changes in sequential fractions of heavy metals after leaching with EDTA are very complex and it is difficult to generalize on which fraction was more mobile than the others. These combined results are helpful in elucidating the association of heavy metals to soil fractions and the mobility characteristics of heavy metals under certain environmental conditions.     

Development of an international standard for the determination of metals and metalloids in workplace air using ICP-AES: evaluation of sample dissolution procedures through an interlaboratory trial

Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) is rapidly overtaking atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) as the method of choice for the determination of toxic metals in workplace air. However, the few ICP-AES methods that have been published are not well characterised in terms of the effectiveness of the sample dissolution procedures described and their validation status. The International Standards Organization (ISO) is currently engaged in developing ISO 15202, which will describe a generic method for the determination of metals and metalloids in airborne particulate matter by ICP-AES. One part of the proposed standard deals with dissolution procedures. The ISO work has been supported by a project carried out in the authors' laboratory to identify, develop and validate sample dissolution procedures for inclusion in the proposed standard. This paper describes an interlaboratory comparison carried out to assess the performance of selected procedures using samples of airborne particulate matter collected on filters with a multiport sampler. Five dissolution procedures were tested. These included an ultrasonic agitation procedure, two hot-plate procedures (based upon NIOSH 7300 and OSHA ID 125G) and two microwave-assisted procedures (based upon EPA 3052). It was shown that the dissolution procedures selected for use in the trial and used internally at HSL generally gave equivalent performance. As expected, a wider spread of results was obtained by participants in the trial. More specifically, there exists some reservation regarding the ability of the ultrasonic and hot-plate procedures to attack fully on a consistent basis some resistant materials, e.g., chromium containing particulate matter. Above all, the trial demonstrated the usefulness of microwave-assisted dissolution procedures in a modern laboratory.