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1.
Yu Li Zhiming Yu Xiuxian Song Qinglin Mu 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,121(1-3):489-499
Suspended particulate matter (SPM), sediments and clams were collected at three sites in Jiaozhou Bay to assess the magnitude of trace metal pollution in the area. Metal concentrations in SPM (Cu: 40.11–203; Zn: 118–447; Pb: 50.1–132; Cd: 0.55–4.39; Cr: 147.6–288; Mn: 762−1670 μg/g), sediments (Cu: 17.64–34.26; Zn: 80.79–110; Pb: 24.57–49.59; Cd: 0.099–0.324; Cr: 41.6–88.1; Mn: 343−520μg/g) and bivalves (Cu: 6.41–19.76; Zn: 35.5–85.5; Pb: 0.31–1.01; Cd: 0.51–0.67; Mn: 27.45−67.6 μg/g) are comparable to those reported for other moderately polluted world environments. SPM showed a less clear pattern. Metal concentrations in sediments displayed a clear geographical trend with values increasing with proximity to major urban centers. The clams (on dry weight) showed a complex pattern due to the variability introduced by age-related factors. Cd showed an apparent reverse industrial trend with higher concentrations in clams collected at distant stations. Zn, Pb and Mn showed no clear geographical pattern, whereas Cu increased in the clams collected in the most industrialized area. In addition, the bioaccumulation factors (BAF) were calculated. The result indicated that the studied Ruditapes philippinarum in Jiaozhou Bay possessed different bioaccumulation capacities for Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb and Mn, and Cd, Zn had a relatively high assimilation of those metals from sediment particles. A significant relationship with clam age was observed for Zn (positive) and Cu (negative) suggesting different physiological requirements for both metals with age. Trace metal concentrations measured in the tissue of the investigated clam were in the range considered safe by the WHO for human use. 相似文献
2.
Marcussen H Joergensen K Holm PE Brocca D Simmons RW Dalsgaard A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,139(1-3):77-91
Extensive aquatic or semi-aquatic production of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica Forssk.) for human consumption takes place in Southeast Asia. The aim of this study was to assess the concentrations of 38
elements in soil and water spinach cultivated under different degrees of wastewater exposure in Hanoi, Vietnam. The results
showed no effect of wastewater use on the overall element concentrations in soil and water spinach. Mean soil concentrations
for selected potentially toxic elements at the studied field sites had the following ranges 9.11–18.7 As, 0.333–0.667 Cd,
10.8–14.5 Co, 68–122 Cr, 34.0–62.1 Cu, 29.9–52.8 Ni, 32.5–67.4 Pb, 0.578–0.765 Tl and 99–189 Zn mg kg−1 dry weight (d.w.). In all samples Cd, Pb and Zn soil concentrations were below the Vietnamese Guideline Values (TCVN 7209-2002)
for agricultural soils whereas As and Cu exceeded the guideline values. Maximum site element concentrations in water spinach
were 0.139 As, 0.032 Cd, 0.135 Cr, 2.01 Cu, 39.1 Fe, 57.3 Mn, 0.16 Ni, 0.189 Pb and 6.01 Zn mg kg−1 fresh weight (f.w.). The site and soil content of organic carbon were found to have high influence on the water spinach element
concentrations whereas soil pH and the total soil element concentrations were of less importance. The estimated average daily
intake of As, Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb and Zn for adult Vietnamese consumers amounts to <11% of the maximum tolerable intake proposed
by FAO/WHO for each element. It is assessed that the occurrence of the investigated elements in water spinach will pose low
health risk for the consumers. 相似文献
3.
This is the first comprehensive study of sources of variation in metal concentrations within the whole tissues of a shallow burrowing, filter-feeding intertidal clam, Austrovenus stutchburyi. Samples were collected from 12 sites in April, August, November and February in 1993–1994 in the vicinity of Otago Harbour and Peninsula, New Zealand. Total tissue trace metal concentrations (μg g−1 dry weight) were measured in individual animals for the essential metals : Mn, Cu, Zn, Ni and the non-essential Cr using trace-metal clean acid-digestion and ICP-OAES techniques. Average metal concentrations were 3–60 μg g−1 for Cu, 40–118 μg g−1 for Zn, 2–12 μg g−1 for Mn, 5–35 μg g−1 for Ni and 1–44 μg g−1 for Cr. These levels decreased with body weight and differed amongst sites except for Cr in February (mid-summer). Highest concentrations occurred at sites close to a city (Dunedin) and within the central harbour region although the Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr concentrations did not correlate with the environmental gradient or season. At one coastal site, samples of both the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and cockles gave similar trends in trace metal levels. These results suggest that the cockle could be a useful trace metal biomonitor within NZ estuaries. 相似文献
4.
Kucuksezgin F Kayatekin BM Uluturhan E Uysal N Acikgoz O Gonenc S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,141(1-3):339-345
The aim of this study was to identify possible relationships between biochemical- superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione
peroxidase (GPx), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) of mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and chemical (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe) contaminants from relatively clean area (Middle Bay) and heavily polluted
area (Inner Bay) of the Izmir Bay. Sampling of mussels was performed in the beginning of May 2004. Mussel digestive glands
have been used for biochemical assays. Trace metal content was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer using standard
procedures. Metal contents in mussels collected at polluted site increased compared to the middle part of the bay. While there
was a positive correlation between metals and SOD enzyme activity, there was a negative correlation between metals and GPx
enzyme activity. An increase was observed in SOD enzyme activity and a decrease of GPx enzyme activity at the inner part of
the bay. 相似文献
5.
Concentration of Cd, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb and Cu were determinedin biota and sediment samples collected from the Marmara Sea in Turkey. The levels of Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb and Cu in the macroalgae are higher than previous studies in the Marmara Sea. Moreover, Cu and Zn concentrations at the present study are significantly high than Bosphorus and Black Sea algae. The order heavy metal concentrations in the mussel samples was: Fe > Zn > Ni > Mn > Cu > Pb > Cr > Cd > Co. The metal concentrations are generally lower when compared with the Black Sea mussels except Pb. At the same time, concentrations of Pb, Cu and Zn in the mussel species are lower when compared with the results in the Aegean Sea. The ranges of Mn and Cu in the tested fish samples are higher than Black Sea fish. On the other hand, Cd, Co, Cr, Zn and Pb concentrations are lower. The northern coast of the Marmara Sea having the highest metal concentrations in sediments as follows: Co, Cr, Ni, Fe at ?arköy ; Pb, Cu at M. Ere?li; Cd, Zn, Mn at Menek?e. The heavy metal levels in the sediment samples are lower than other areas in the Marmara Sea. 相似文献
6.
Concentrations of Cd, Cu, Co, Zn, Mn and Fe were determined in biota and sediment samples collected from the Eastern Harbour and El-Mex Bay in the Mediterranean Sea, Egypt. The levels of Cu, Co, Zn, Mn and Fe in the macroalgae, Ulva lactuca, Enteromorpha compressa (green algae) and Jania rubens (red algae), recorded high concentrations except for Cd. Moreover, Fe was the most predominant metal in the seaweed. The two species of bivalves, Donax trunculus and Paphia textile, showed different amounts of metals in their tissue. The abundance of heavy metal concentrations in the mussel samples was found in the order Fe> Zn> Mn> Cu> Co> Cd and Fe> Zn> Mn> Cu> Cd> Co, respectively for the two species. The metals concentrations were generally higher compared with the previous studies in mussels from the same area. The levels of metals accumulated in the investigated fish samples, Saurida undosquamis, Siganus rivulatus, Lithognathus mormyrus and Sphyraena sphyraena, were higher than those of Marmara Sea (Turkey), for Co and Cd and lower for Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe. El-Mex Bay having the highest metals concentration in sediments as their order of abundance were Fe> Zn> Mn> Cu> Cd> Co. Nevertheless, a high variability in the metal levels occurs among the studied algae and biota and also between the investigated Harbour. A significant correlations (p < 0.05) were found for each of Zn and Fe in P. textile and of Co in D. trunculus relative to their concentrations in surficial sediments. 相似文献
7.
Seasonal variation of the concentrations of trace metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) were measured by ICP-AES
in the water and sediment from the Saricay Stream, Geyik Dam and Ortakoy Well in the same basin. Comparisons between trace
metal concentrations in water and sediment in three sources (Stream, Dam and Well) were made. The concentrations of a large
number of trace metals in the water and sediment were generally higher in the Stream than in the Well and Dam, particularly
in summer. Trace metal concentration ranges in sediments of the Saricay Stream and its sources showed very wide ranges (as
mass ratio): Co: 5–476 μg g−1, Cr: 15–1308 μg g−1, Cu: 7–128 μg g−1, Fe: 1120–13210 μg g−1, Mn: 150–2613 μg g−1, Ni: 102–390 μg g−1, Pb: 0.7–31.3 μg g−1 and Zn: 18–304 μg g−1, whereas Cd was not detected. Trace metal concentration ranges found in waters were: Co: 9.5–20.7 μg L−1, Cr: 20.3–284 μg L−1, Cu: 170–840 μg L−1, Fe: 176–1830 μg L−1, Mn: 29.3–387 μg L−1, and Ni: 4.3–21.9 μg L−1. Among the trace metals studied, Cd and Zn in two seasons and Pb in winter were usually not detected or in the recommended
levels. In addition, Cd was not detected in the sediment during the winter season. The analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA)
and correlation matrix was employed for the sediment and water samples of the two field surveys (summer and winter) comparison.
The three sources showed differences in metal contents. The metal levels in sediments displayed marked seasonal and regional
variations, which were attributed to anthropogenic influences and natural processes. In the Saricay Stream, high values of
metals during the dry season showed an anthropological effect from small industry firms, e.g.: an olive mill and a dairy farm
or water dilution during summer seasons. Finally, the pollution in this basin probably originated from small industrial, low
quality coal-burned thermal power plants, and particularly agricultural and domestic waste discharges. 相似文献
8.
Thompson ID 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,116(1-3):263-273
A pilot scale study was conducted to find out the different forms of metals if fly ash (FA) and bioaccumulation of these metals
in the naturally growing vegetation on FA dumps. The total, acid extractable, bioavailable and water soluble fraction of metals
of Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Co and Pb, and their bioaccumulation coefficients (BAC) on naturally growing vegetation were determined.
FA samples had a neutral pH, low electrical conductivity, low organic C and trace amounts of N and P. The relative abundance
of total metals in FA were found in the order Fe ≤ ≤ Zn ≤ Ni ≤ Co ≤ Cu. The concentration of bioavailable (DTPA) metals depend
on the type and nature of coal used in thermal power stations. In the water the extract solution, only Fe and Zn were found
above detection limits. After one year only four species of naturally occurring herbaceous vegetation were found growing and
Cynodon dactylon (grass) covered almost entire surface of the FA. Iron accumulated to the greatest extent in vegetation followed by Mn, Zn,
Cu, Pb, Ni and Co. The sequence of BAC for different metals were Fe (202) ≤ Mn (90) ≤ Zn (63) ≤ Pb (49) ≤ Ni (41) ≤ Cu (24).
The experimental study revealed that Cynodon grass could be used for remediation of fly ash without any amendments, as this grass species act as metal excluder type. 相似文献
9.
Sunlu U 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2006,114(1-3):273-286
Bio-monitoring of some heavy metal levels (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu) in whole edible soft parts of Mytilus galloprovincialis (L. 1758) was conducted in Turkish Aegean Sea coast during the period of September 2002–August 2003 seasonally. Moreover, some physico-chemical environmental parameters, also have been analysed in the same region. The values of some physico-chemical environmental parameters in coastal waters of Turkish Aegean Sea were changed between; 9.0–27.0 ∘C for temperature, 31.93–40.45 psu for salinity, 7.35–8.48 for pH and 4.05–9.50 mg/l for dissolved oxygen. The levels of trace elements in whole edible soft parts including interstitial fluids of Mediterranean mussels M. galloprovincialis (L. 1758), sampled from 6 different regions of Turkish Aegean Sea coast have ranged between; 0.04–0.52 μg Cd/g wet weight, 0.49–1.72 μg Pb/g w.w., 0.95–1.85 Cu/g w.w., 16.11–37.15 μg Zn/g w.w. The highest values for all trace metals (Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu) were measured in inner part of Izmir Bay (station 3) and lowest in Sigacik and Gulluk Bay (station 5, 6). Generally heavy metal levels are lower than the results in soft mussel tissues reported from Mediterranean regions. 相似文献
10.
Knowledge of the total concentration of heavy metals is not enough to fully assess the environmental impact of urban soils.
For this reason, the determination of metal speciation is important to evaluate their environment and the mobilization capacity.
Sequential extraction technique proposed by the former European Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) was used to speciate Cd,
Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in urban soils from Guangzhou into four operationally defined fractions: HOAc extractable, reducible,
oxidizable, and residual. The Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn were predominately located in the residual fraction, Pb in the reducible
fraction, and Cd and Mn within the HOAc extractable fraction. The order of Cd in each fraction was generally HOAc extractable
> reducible > residual > oxidizable; Cu and Fe were residual > reducible > oxidizable > HOAc extractable; Mn was HOAc extractable
> residual > reducible > oxidizable; Ni and Zn were residual > reducible > HOAc extractable > oxidizable; and Pb was reducible
> residual > oxidizable > HOAc extractable. Cadmium was identified as being the most mobile of the elements, followed by Mn,
Zn, Ni, Cu, Pb and Fe. Iron–Mn oxides can play an important role in binding Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn and in decreasing their
proportion associated with the residual fraction in the soils. With total concentrations of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, and Mn increase,
these metals more easily release and may produce more negative effects on the urban environment. 相似文献
11.
Esin Esen Filiz Kucuksezgin Esin Uluturhan 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,160(1-4):257-266
Surface sediments collected from nine stations in Nemrut Bay, Aegean Sea were analyzed for trace metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, Ni, Fe, As, and Mg) and grain sizes. The results were compared with the numerical sediment guidelines used in North America as well as literature values reported for similar studies conducted in Izmit Bay and Izmir Bay. The metal levels were also evaluated according to the enrichment factor and contamination factor analyses. The analyses revealed significant anthropogenic pollution of Hg, Pb, Zn, and As in the surficial sediments of Nemrut Bay. 相似文献
12.
Statistical source identification of metals in groundwater exposed to industrial contamination 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Tariq SR Shah MH Shaheen N Jaffar M Khalique A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,138(1-3):159-165
Levels of selected metals Na, Ca, Mg, K, Fe, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni, Cd, Pb and Mn were estimated by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry
in groundwater samples from Kasur, a significant industrial city of Pakistan. Salient mean concentration levels were recorded
for: Na (211 mg/l), Ca (187 mg/l), Mg (122 mg/l), K (87.7 mg/l), Fe (2.57 mg/l) and Cr (2.12 mg/l). Overall, the decreasing
metal concentration order was: Na > Ca > Mg > K > Fe > Cr > Zn > Co > Pb > Mn > Ni > Cd. Significantly positive correlations
were found between Na–Cr (r = 0.553), Na–Mn (r = 0.543), Mg–Fe (r = 0.519), Mg–Cr (r = 0.535), Pb–K (r = 0.506) and Pb–Ni (r = 0.611). Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis identified tannery effluents as the main source of metal contamination
of the groundwater. The present metal data showed that Cr, Pb and Fe levels were several times higher than those recommended
for water quality by WHO, US-EPA, EU and Japan. The elevated levels of Cr, recorded as 21–42 fold higher compared with the
recommended quality values, were believed to originate from the tanning industry of Kasur. 相似文献
13.
Genc E Sangun MK Dural M Can MF Altunhan C 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,141(1-3):59-65
The European eel’s swimbladder nematode, Anguillicola crassus, sampled from the Asi River (Orontes River) in Antakya (Hatay, Turkey) in May 2006 were analysed by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic
Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) for their some heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Pb and Zn) levels. The metal concentrations
of the parasites were compared to different organs (swimbladder, liver, muscle and skin) of the fish hosts. The parasite contained
statistically highly significantly amounts of Fe (P < 0.05). The iron level of nematode was up to 25.52 times than the muscle of its host, Anguilla anguilla. However, bioconcentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Pb, Zn were detected in the A. crassus and it contained no statistically differences with the other tissues of its host, the eel (P > 0.05). Furthermore, no significant differences were detected in the heavy metal accumulations between the parasitized and
un-parasitized fish tissues. The analysed metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) were found in fish muscle at mean concentrations
under the permissible limits proposed by FAO. 相似文献
14.
Surface sediment samples (n = 18) were collected from the Algerian Mediterranean coasts and analyzed for seven metals using inductively coupled plasma-optical
emission spectrometry in order to asses the distribution and bioavailability of metals and to study the anthropogenic factors
affecting their concentrations. Sediment samples were size-fractionated into three sizes: 1,080–500 (coarse), 500–250 (medium),
and <250 mm (fine). Bulk sediments were subjected to both sequential extraction and total digestion to evaluate the reliability
of the sequential extraction procedure (SEP), while the fractions have been only sequentially extracted for metals speciation.
The metals were sequentially extracted into five phases namely exchangeable (P1), carbonates (P2), Fe–Mn oxides (P3), organic
(P4) and residual (P5). Metal recoveries in sequential extractions were ±20% of the independently measured total metal concentrations;
the high recovery rates indicate the good reliability of the SEP used in this study. Correlation coefficients indicated that
the grain size has an effect on the distribution of metals in the investigated samples. The order of metal levels in the fractions
was medium > fine > coarse for all the metals. The average total extractable metal concentrations for Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni,
Pb, and Zn were 1.1, 8.8, 4.7, 1,291.3, 13.9, 5.7 and 20.4 μg/g, respectively. The northeastern shelf had the lowest metal
levels while the highest were in northwestern part mainly due to the significant tourism activities in the northwestern part.
Comparison of our results to Earth’s crust values and to previous studies points out that our samples were relatively unpolluted
with respect to the heavy metals investigated; most of the metals are not from anthropogenic sources. Enrichment factors as
the criteria for examining the impact of the anthropogenic sources of heavy metals were calculated, and it was observed that
the investigated samples were not contaminated with Cr, Cu, and Fe, moderately contaminated with Ni, Pb, and Cd, and contaminated
with Cd in some sites. The P5 phase had the highest percents of Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, and Zn. Cadmium and lead were predominant
in the P4 phase, while Cu, Fe and Zn were distributed in the order P5 > P3 > P4 > P2 > P1. The following order of bioavailability
was found with the heavy metals Pb > Cr > Cd > Ni > Zn > Cu > Fe. 相似文献
15.
Concentrations of heavy metals were determined in the water column (including the sea-surface microlayer, subsurface, mid-depth
and bottom water) and sediments from Singapore’s coastal environment. The concentration ranges for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb
and Zn in the seawater dissolved phase (DP) were 0.34–2.04, 0.013–0.109, 0.07–0.35, 0.23–1.16, 0.28–0.78, 0.009–0.062 and
0.97–3.66 μg L−1 respectively. The ranges for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in the suspended particulate matter (SPM) were 0.16–0.73, 6.72–53.93,
12.87–118.29, 4.34–60.71, 1.10–6.08 and 43.09–370.49 μg g−1, respectively. Heavy metal concentrations in sediments ranged between 0.054–0.217, 37.48–50.52, 6.30–21.01, 13.27–26.59,
24.14–37.28 and 48.20–62.36 μg g−1 for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, respectively. The lowest concentrations of metals in the DP and SPM were most frequently found
in the subsurface water while the highest concentrations were mostly observed in the SML and bottom water. Overall, heavy
metals in both the dissolved and particulate fractions have depth profiles that show a decreasing trend of concentrations
from the subsurface to the bottom water, indicating that the prevalence of metals is linked to the marine biological cycle.
In comparison to data from Greece, Malaysia and USA, the levels of metals in the DP are considered to be low in Singapore.
Higher concentrations of particulate metals were reported for the Northern Adriatic Sea and the Rhine/Meuse estuary in the
Netherlands compared to values reported in this study. The marine sediments in Singapore are not heavily contaminated when
compared to metal levels in marine sediments from other countries such as Thailand, Japan, Korea, Spain and China. 相似文献
16.
Ahmet Demirak Hanife Ayd?n Y?lmaz Feyyaz Keskin Yal??n ?ahin O?uz Akpolat 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(12):7113-7124
The Bay of Gokova in Southeastern Aegean Sea (Turkey) is important by the potential of agricultural, municipal, and tourism activities. In addition, there is no industrial plant within the area in the Aegean Sea. Kad?n Creek (Azmak) and Ak?ap?nar Creek (Azmak) flowing into the inner Gokova Bay are one of the important factors in determining the character of the inner Gokova Bay. In this study, nine stations were selected in the inner Gokova Bay, Kad?n Creek, and Akcap?nar Creek. The concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn were measured in suspended particulate matter (SPM) and sediments. The samples of sediments and SPM were collected in between February 2008 and September 2008. The aim of the study is searching the change of concentrations of Cd, Cu, Fe, Pb, and Zn in suspended particulate matter and sediments in the inner Gokova bay, Kad?n Creek, and Ak?ap?nar Creek. It has been identified that the metal concentrations in the creeks are higher than the metal concentrations in the marine environment. It has also been observed that the concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cu in summer season have been higher than in the winter season, but the concentrations of Fe and Zn have not shown a significant difference between in summer and winter seasons. The obtained results show that the some heavy metals are caused by the agricultural, municipal, and tourism activities operating in the coastal areas and terrestrial environment, and they are transported from the creeks to the Gokova Bay by suspended particulate matter. 相似文献
17.
Agunbiade FO Olu-Owolabi BI Adebowale KO 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2012,184(1):89-102
The accumulation patterns of ten metals in tissues of plant, Eichornia crassipes, and fishes, Hydrocynus forskahlii and Oreochromis mossambicus, were modeled with simple fuzzy classification (SFC) to assess toxic effects of anthropogenic activities on the coastal biota.
The plant sample was separated into root, stem, and leaves and the fishes into bones, internal tissues, and muscles. They
were analyzed for As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Fe, Mn, and Zn after wet oxidation of their dried samples. The results were converted
into membership functions of five accumulation classes and aggregated with SFC. The classification results showed that there
was no metal accumulation in the plant parts while the fishes were classified into low accumulation category. The internal
tissues of the fishes had higher metal accumulation than the other parts. Generally, Fe and Mn had highest concentrations
in the biota but are natural to the area and may not constitute significant risk. Cr had the highest transfer and accumulation
from the coastal water into the aquatic lives and may be indicative of risk prone system being a toxic metal. Metal contaminations
in the zone had not significantly accumulated in the biota making them less prone to risk associated with metal accumulation. 相似文献
18.
Investigation of heavy metals in sediments and Manila clams Ruditapes philippinarum
from Jiaozhou Bay, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Xiaoyu Wang Yi Zhou Hongsheng Yang Qing Wang Shilin Liu 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,170(1-4):631-643
Manila clams (Ruditapes philippinarum) and sediments were collected bimonthly during 2007 at five locations in Jiaozhou Bay near Qingdao, China, to determine heavy metal concentrations and to assess the validation of R. philippinarum as a metal biomonitor. Concentrations of heavy metals in clam soft tissues ranged between 0.75 and 3.31, 0.89 and 15.20, 5.70 and 26.03, 52.12 and 110.33, 10.30 and 72.34, 9.64 and 28.60, and 3.15 and 52.75 μg g???1 dry weight for Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Ni, respectively. Most of the highest values occurred at the northeast bay and the lowest values occurred at the western part. Regarding seasonal variation, relatively high tissue metal concentrations were observed during October or December. A similar pattern was also found in habitat sediments. There was a strong correlation between the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Mn, Cr, and Ni in soft tissues and surrounding sediments. It is indicated that R. philippinarum could be used as a biomonitor for heavy metal contamination in Jiaozhou Bay. 相似文献
19.
N. G. Shams El-Din L. I. Mohamedein Kh. M. El-Moselhy 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2014,186(9):5865-5881
Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, and Hg were measured successively in water, sediments, and six macroalgal species belonging to three algal classes during 3 years (2008–2010) from Abu Qir Bay, Alexandria, Egypt: Chlorophyceae (Enteromorpha compressa, Ulva fasciata), Phaeophyceae (Padina boryana), and Rhodophyceae (Jania rubens, Hypnea musciformis, Pterocladia capillacea). The study aimed to assess the bioaccumulation potential of the seaweeds, as well as to evaluate the extent of heavy metal contamination in the selected study site. Metals were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry coupled with MH-10 hydride system. The obtained data showed that the highest mean concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, and Mn were recorded in E. compressa; Cd, Ni, and Hg exhibited their highest mean concentrations in P. boryana, while Pb and Co were found in J. rubens. Abundance of the heavy metals in the algal species was as follow: Fe?>?Mn?>?Zn?>?Pb?>?Ni?>?Co?>?Cu?>?Cd?>?Hg. E. compressa showed the maximum metal pollution index (MPI) which was 11.55. Bioconcentration factor (BCF) for the metals in algae was relatively high with a maximum value for Mn. The Tomlinson pollution load index (PLI) values for the recorded algal species were low, which ranged between 1.00 in P. boryana and 2.72 in E. compressa. Enrichment factors for sediments were low fluctuating between 0.43 for Hg to 2.33 for Mn. Accordingly, the green alga E. compressa, brown alga P. boryana, and red alga J. rubens can be nominated as bioindicators. Based on MPI and PLI indices, Abu Qir Bay in the present study is considered as low-contaminated area. 相似文献
20.
Ikem A Campbell M Nyirakabibi I Garth J 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2008,140(1-3):69-81
Anthropogenic sources of pollution can significantly contribute to elevated concentrations of toxic elements in soils. A preliminary
survey of trace elements content and their availability in residential soils from New Madrid County, Missouri was undertaken.
Mean elemental concentrations (mg kg−1, dry wt) of sixty two soil samples were: As 6.6, Be 0.8, Cd 1.6, Co 9.7, Cr 24.5, Cu 18.1, Fe 9951, Mn 298, Ni 15.6, Pb 48.8,
V 42.1, Zn 95.5 and Hg 0.05. The US EPA preliminary remediation goals (PRGs) was only exceeded by As (7 % of samples) and
V (8% of samples). The Missouri average background values were exceeded by Pb (69%), Zn (31%), Cu (27%), As (23%), Be (19%),
Co (18%), Ni (16%), V (8%) and Mn (2%). Crustal enrichments (EFc) for As (97), Cr (6), Cu (10), Pb (121), V (7), and Hg (17) were highest for North Lilbourn soils. Fractionation experiment
revealed that Fe (54–79%) was in the residual phase while Zn (70–90%), Mn (88–92%), As (59–81%) and Pb (63–79%) were potentially
available in soils. Factor loadings of the element concentrations on principal components 1, 2 and 3 accounted for over 81%
variance of the data set. The factor loadings suggested that apart from natural contributions of trace elements to the soils,
human activities possibly accounted for other inputs in soils. 相似文献