微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定植物中汞和砷

采用微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定植物中汞和砷，优化了试验条件。汞在0μg／L-1．00μg／L、砷在0μg／L～20．0μg/L范围内线性良好，方法检出限汞为0．005mg／kg（以取0．1g样品消解定容至10mL计），砷为0．010mg／kg（以取0．1g样品消解定容至25mL计），植物样品测定的RSD≤4．5％，加标回收率为90．0％～107％。     

ASE萃取-SPE净化-气相色谱法测定土壤中有机氯农药

建立了加速溶剂萃取-固相萃取净化-气相色谱测定土壤中α-六六六、β-六六六、γ-六六六、δ-六六六、P，P′-DDE、P，P′-DDD、O，P′-DDT、P，P′-DDT等8种有机氯农药的方法。在0μg／L～500μg／L范围内方法线性良好，8种有机氯农药的检出限在0．06μg／kg～0．21μg／kg之间，基质加标试验的相对标准偏差为2．2％～5．8％，回收率为81．5％～113％。     

高效液相色谱法同时测定海水中孔雀石绿和无色孔雀石绿

建立了高效液相色谱同时测定海水中孔雀石绿和无色孔雀石绿的方法。方法在0mg／L-4．0mg／L范围内线性良好，孔雀石绿和无色孔雀石绿的最低检出限为0.02μg／L，平均加标回收率为88．2％-104％，RSD为3．2％-8．7％。     

连续流动-固相微萃取方法富集水中多环芳烃的探讨

建立了连续流动-固相微萃取富集、气相色谱测定水中多环芳烃的方法，探讨了流量和溶液体积对萃取效果的影响。方法在0μg／L-40μg／L范围内线性良好，8种多环芳烃的检出限为0．05μg／L-0．5μg／L，样品测定的相对标准偏差〈7％，加标回收率为87．0％～112％。     

固相萃取-毛细管气相色谱法测定地表水中硝基苯类化合物

建立了固相萃取-毛细管气相色谱测定地表水中硝基苯类化合物的方法，优化了试验条件。方法线性良好，10种硝基苯类化合物的检出限为0．05μg／L～0．15μg／L，实际样品测定的RSD为1．7％～5．0％，平均加标回收率为80．8％～117％。     

支撑离子液体膜微萃取-气相色谱法测定水中有机氯农药

摘要：将l-丁基-3-甲基咪唑六氟磷酸离子液体固定于无纺布上形成支撑离子液体膜，结合液相微翠取技术对水样中的有机氯农药进行分离与富集，并用气相色谱法测定。通过试验对影响萃取效率的有关条件进行优化，使该方法在0．500μg／L～10．0μg／L范围内线性良好。方法检出限为0．02μg／L～0．08μg／L，测定0．04μg／L的混合标准溶液平均回收率为75．0％～87．3％，RSD〈7％。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定空气中的铍及其化合物

采用石墨炉原子吸收法测定铍及其化合物，用微孔滤膜采集空气样品，经硝酸／高氯酸混合液消解，以硝酸镁为基体改进剂。方法线性范围为0．100μg／L～3．00μg／L，最低检出质量浓度为1．7×10^-5mg／m3（按采样体积75L计），3个加标质量水平的相对标准偏差为3．8％～4．5％，回收率为93％～102％。     

液液萃取-气相色谱法测定饮用水中硝基苯类化合物

采用液液萃取－气相色谱法测定饮用水中10种硝基苯类化合物，通过萃取条件优化试验，选择正己烷为萃取剂，使目标物在0μg／L～38.5μg／L之间线性良好，检出限为0.002μg／L ～0．005μg／L。实际饮用水样的加标回收率为80.8％～104％，RSD＜3％。用该方法测定桂林市4个水厂饮用水，结果硝基苯、间－二硝基苯、2，4－二硝基氯苯未检出，其余7种硝基苯类化合物虽有检出，但检出值均低于标准规定的限值。     

高效液相色谱法测定水产品中四环素类抗生素残留

建立了固相萃取-高效液相色谱测定水产品中四环素类抗生素残留的方法，优化了前处理方法和色谱条件。方法在0mg／L-1．0mg／L范围内线性良好，四环素、土霉素和金霉素的检出限分别为0．02mg／kg、0．01mg／kg和0．05mg／kg，样品测定的RSD分别为6．8％、7．2％和8．5％，加标回收率分别为55．2％-81．0％、60．5％-70．5％和52．5％～73．5％。     

液液萃取-气质联用法测定水中20种农药类有机物

采用液液萃取-气质联用法同时测定水中20种农药类有机物。对前处理过程中萃取剂的选择、用量，萃取时间，盐析剂用量，有机改进剂的加入等条件进行了优化，使得各组分在0．500μg/L～50．0μg/L范围内线性良好。方法检出限为0．02μg/L～0．19μg/L；平行测定7次混合标准溶液，RSD为0．3％～9．1％；对20种农药类有机物混合标准溶液进行加标回收试验，回收率为90．5％～110％。该方法优化了《生活饮用水标准检验方法》（ GB 5750-2006）中农药类有机污染物的检测方法，满足常规测定的要求。     

高效液相色谱法测定水中7种三嗪类除草剂

采用液液萃取和固相萃取两种方法预处理,高效液相色谱二极管阵列检测器测定水中7种三嗪类除草剂,选择了合适的检测波长和梯度淋洗条件。方法在0.100 mg/L~2.00 mg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0.06μg/L~0.15μg/L,水样平行测定的RSD为1.6%~6.5%,加标回收率为95.0%~106%。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定水中12种磺酰脲类除草剂

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法同时测定水中12种磺酰脲类除草剂,样品经磷酸调节pH值为2后,经Watens Oasis HLB SPE柱净化浓缩,乙腈洗脱,选择检测波长为230 nm,以乙腈-水溶液(0.02%磷酸)为流动相梯度洗脱,保留时间在14 min～32 min范围内.12种磺酰脲类除草剂在0.050 mg/L～...     

超声波萃取-红外分光光度法测定土壤中石油类

采用超声波萃取-红外分光光度法测定土壤中石油类,并对超声波机的功率、水浴温度和萃取时间进行优化.试验表明：方法在0mg/L～80.0mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数r为0.9997;方法检出限为6.00μg/L,当取土壤样品10.0g时,方法检出限为0.03mg/kg;空白土壤的加标回收率为97.4% ～103%;测定实际土壤样品的RSD为3.0% ～3.9%.通过比较超声波萃取、四氯化碳热浸法和快速溶剂萃取法的前处理效果,显示出超声波萃取法的优越性.     

Organochlorine pesticide residue levels in blood serum of inhabitants from Veracruz, Mexico

The objective of the present study was to monitor the levels of organochlorine pesticides HCB; α-, β-, γ-HCH; pp'DDE; op'DDT; and pp'DDT in blood serum of Veracruz, Mexico inhabitants. Organochlorine pesticides were analyzed in 150 blood serum samples that constituted that which remained after clinical analyses, using gas chromatography-electron-capture detection (GC-ECD). The results were expressed as milligrams per kilogram on fat basis and micrograms per liter on wet weight. Only the following pesticides were detected: p,p'-DDE was the major organochlorine component, detected in 100% of samples at mean 15.8 mg/kg and 8.4 μg/L; p,p'-DDT was presented in 41.3.% of monitored samples at mean 3.1 mg/kg and 1.4 μg/L; β-HCH was found in 48.6% of the samples at mean 4.9 mg/kg and 2.7 μg/L; op'DDT was determined to be in only 3.3% of monitored samples at mean 2.7 mg/kg and 1.4 μg/L. The pooled samples divided according to sex showed significant differences of β-HCH and pp'DDE concentrations in females. The samples grouped according to age presented the third tertile as more contaminated in both sexes, indicating age as a positively associated factor with serum organochlorine pesticide levels in Veracruz inhabitants.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水中四乙基铅

采用三氯甲烷萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水中四乙基铅,优化了试验条件。方法在2.00μg/L～50.0μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为1.3×10^-5mg/L,标准溶液测定的RSD≤8.6%,实际水样加标回收率为90.4%～108%。     

羊角铺水源水中极微量NO -2 - N的测定

建立了自制浮选器富集、分光光度法测定羊角铺水源水中痕量亚硝酸盐氮的方法，介绍了试验的注意事项。方法在0μg／L-4．00μg／L范围内线性良好，检出限为0．0002mg／L，RSD为2．0％-4．6％，加标回收率为94．0％-108％。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定水中呋喃丹、甲萘威和阿特拉津

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱(SPE - HPLC)二极管阵列检测器同时测定水中呋喃丹、甲萘威和阿特拉津,以甲醇-水为流动相,采用梯度洗脱方式,选择220 nm为检测波长,二氯甲烷为洗脱剂.呋喃丹在0.200 mg/L ～5.00 mg/L、甲萘威和阿特拉津在0.020 mg/L～5.00 mg/L范围内线性良好,检出限...     

气相色谱法测定土壤中五氯酚

采用索氏提取-气相色谱法测定土壤中的五氯酚，优化了试验条件。方法在0wg／kg-200wg／kg范围内线性良好，检出限为0．03μg/kg，空白土壤加标样测定的RSD为2．6％，回收率为95．4％～101％。     

Pollution levels of thiobencarb, propanil, and pretilachlor in rice fields of the muda irrigation scheme, Kedah, Malaysia

The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential risk of pretilachlor, thiobencarb, and propanil pollutants in the water system of the rice fields of the Muda area. The study included two areas that used different irrigation systems namely non-recycled (N-RCL) and recycled (RCL) water. Regular water sampling was carried out at the drainage canals during the weeding period from September to October 2006 in the main season of 2006/2007 and April-May 2007 in off season of 2007. The herbicides were extracted by the solid-phase extraction method and identified using a GC-ECD. Results showed that the procedure for identification of the three herbicides was acceptable based on the recovery test values, which ranged from 84.1% to 96.9%. A wide distribution pattern where more than 79% of the water samples contained the herbicide pollutants was observed at both the areas where N-RCL and RCL water was supplied for the two seasons. During September to October 2006, high weedicide residue concentration was observed at the N-RCL area and it ranged from 0.05 to 1.00 μg/L for pretilachlor and propanil and 10-25 μg/L for thiobencarb. In the case of the area with RCL water, the weedicide residue ranged from 1 to 5 μg/L for pretilachlor and propanil and 10-25 μg/L for thiobencarb. The highest residue level reached was 25-50, 50-100, and 100-200 μg/L for pretilachlor, propanil, and thiobencarb, respectively. During April to May 2007, high residue concentration frequently occurred at the area supplied with N-RCL irrigation water and it ranged from 0.05 to 1.00, 10 to 25, and 25 to 50 μg/L for pretilachlor, propanil, and thiobencarb, respectively. The highest residue level reached was 25-50 μg/L for pretilachlor and 100-200 μg/L for propanil and thiobencarb. There was an accelerated increase in the concentration of the herbicide residues, with the maximum levels reached at the early period of weedicide application, followed by a sharp decrease after the rice fields were completely covered with the rice crop. During the main season of 2006/2007, the concentration of propanil residue gradually rose, although that of the other herbicides declined.