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配制模拟生活污水,利用序批式活性污泥法(SBR)反应器在连续曝气条件下进行好氧颗粒污泥(AGS)的培养,研究完全好氧〖JP2〗模式下AGS的快速培养及其同步脱氮除碳特性。结果表明:污泥第7天即出现颗粒化,平均粒径032 mm,〖JP〗连续曝气SBR中NH3〖FK(W。*9〗〖CD*2〗〖FK)〗N、TN、COD的去除率分别为953%、774%、975%;高通量测序分析结果显示,相较接种絮状污泥,与颗粒化相关的丝状菌属、动胶菌属丰度显著提高,HN-AD菌作为脱氮功能微生物,其物种多样性也得以丰富。 相似文献
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基于Aura卫星臭氧监测仪(OMI)数据,分析了2011—2018年中国东部地区对流层NO2柱浓度的时空分布规律,以广泛而客观地验证NO2减排成效。结果表明:进入"十二五"以来,中国东部地区对流层NO2柱浓度快速下降,高值区域范围快速收缩甚至消失;华北平原、长江中下游平原污染相对严重,同时这些地区污染程度正在得到较快速的缓解;京津冀、长三角、珠三角是中国东部地区对流层NO2柱浓度相对最高、下降速度最快的典型区域;中国东部地区NO2减排取得的成效与产业转型升级、能源结构调整及严控移动源排放等政策措施密不可分。 相似文献
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通过对比2021年春节烟花爆竹集中燃放时段和前期非集中燃放时段的PM2.5浓度及特征组分浓度,分析了烟花爆竹集中燃放对陕西省PM2.5的影响情况。分析结果显示,2021年春节烟花爆竹集中燃放时段,关中和陕南地区PM2.5浓度增幅大且高值持续时间长,陕北地区PM2.5浓度增幅小且高值持续时间短。陕北和陕南地区PM2.5小时浓度峰值出现在2月12日(初一)00:00前后,关中地区略晚。西安市PM2.5特征组分中,K+、Cl-、SO42-、NO3-、Mg2+、Al3+、Cu2+、Si2+、Ba2+的浓度分别为6.61、7.20、12.83、23.96、1.36、2.91、0.23、0.27、0.86 μg/m3,明显高于非集中燃放时段。烟花爆竹燃放对陕南地区PM2.5的贡献率和贡献量均高于关中和陕北地区;对郊县PM2.5的贡献率高于城区,且对郊县的贡献率正值的出现时间早于城区。除榆林市外,陕西省其他城市的城区均受到了相关郊县烟花爆竹燃放的影响。 相似文献
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高效液相色谱荧光检测快速分析水中多环芳烃化合物 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文利用等梯度淋洗,荧光检测器实现了水中七种多环芳烃化合物的快速分析,七种多环芳烃的分离效果好,无基线漂移,样品分析时间短,一个样品的分析时间小于20分钟。七种多环芳烃分别为:荧蒽、苯并(a)蒽、苯并(b)荧蒽、苯并(K)荧蒽、苯并(a)芘、二苯并(a,h)蒽、苯并(ghi) 相似文献
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新疆喀什地区农村改水水质及水源卫生防护调查与评价 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
为了解新疆喀什地区农村改水水质及水源卫生防护状况,对该地区不同改水形式与未改水的水质及水源卫生防护状况进行调查和监测。结果表明,与改水前比较,水质及水源防护卫生状况明显改善,不同水样的水质合格率和水质综合指数(WQI)分别是:池塘水3.3%和6.5,手压井水40.0%和1.3,深水井51.7%和1.0。结果还表明有必要加强对改水水源的卫生防护。 相似文献
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北京──热近20年来周围地区大气环境变化郑庄川(华北电力试验研究所,北京100045)北京第一热电厂(下称北京一热)位于北京东部地区,其西边3~4公里处为大使馆区、国贸中心,7公里处是天安门。其南边为北京市化工区。该厂现有十台发电锅炉运行,大气污染物... 相似文献
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Bi(Ⅱ)──APDC共沉淀富集脱脂棉分离FAAS测定水中痕量Pb、Cd王林涛,杨玲(云南玉溪地区环境监测站,653100)取加热浓缩至20ml的水样,加入Bi(Ⅱ)(100μg/ml)3ml、APDC3ml,NaOACHOAC缓冲液2ml,调pH至... 相似文献
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基于统计学和GIS方法对京津冀地区2013—2017年间空气质量指数(AQI)分布情况及影响因素进行分析,探究城市发展对空气质量的影响。结果表明:京津冀地区空气质量大体趋势由北向南逐渐恶化,可宏观对比5年的变化,污染程度逐年减弱;PM10为首要污染物所占的天数比例最高,O3为首要污染物所占的天数比例逐年增加;气温、风速与AQI呈负相关,而相对湿度、气压与AQI不同地区正负关系不同;空气质量与经济增长的环境库兹涅茨曲线为倒N型。 相似文献
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通过在广东韶关凡口铅锌矿向外辐射8 km2范围内布设25个采样点,监测土壤中Pb、Zn、As、Cu、Cr和Hg的质量比,构建土地利用回归(LUR)模型模拟该6种元素质量比的空间分布。结果表明:不同土壤元素质量比受地理要素影响差异较大,Pb和As的空间分布受道路影响较大,其高值区沿道路呈带状分布;Zn和Cu受自然因素与土地利用的综合影响,高值分布相对零散;Cr的空间分布主要受地形降水等自然因子的影响。研究区整体元素质量比偏低,西部地区元素质量比低于东部地区,南部地区低于北部地区。 相似文献
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Ciardullo S Taviani G Mattei R Caroli S 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2005,7(12):1332-1334
As a part the Italian National Programme of Research in Antarctica (PNRA) a monitoring study has been undertaken to quantify the concentrations of some selected trace elements in human hair of participants in the Antarctic expeditions. Such concentrations may vary as a consequence of the extreme environmental conditions and changes in lifestyle experienced by participants in the expeditions, as some evidence in previous investigations seems to suggest. The present study regards samples collected on the occasion of the 2002-2003 expedition to the Italian Base of Terra Nova Bay (now Mario Zucchelli Base), i.e., just before the expedition and about one month later. Seven essential elements were taken into account, namely, Ca, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mg, Mn and Mo. Determinations were performed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) and Dynamic Reaction Cell Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (DRC-ICP-MS). Data obtained were statistically treated by using the non-parametric Friedman test. The concentrations of Ca, Cu and Mg were found to decrease (P < 0.05). The stress caused by the severe environmental conditions might well play a role in the observed decrease. 相似文献
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Obiri S 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,130(1-3):455-463
Concentrations of heavy metals in the borehole at Dumasi in the Wassa West District of the Republic of Ghana have been measured
in this study. The concentrations of the following metals in the ground water from Dumasi borehole are: Iron (Fe) – 7.52 ppm,
Manganese (Mn) – 1.11 ppm, Arsenic (As) – 4.52 ppm, Chromium (Cr) – 0.026 ppm, Cobalt (Co) – 0.01 ppm, Zinc (Zn) – 0.007 ppm,
Cadmium (Cd) – 0.002 ppm and Lead (Pb) – 0.005 ppm. The results of the study show that resident adults and children who use
water from the boreholes are at serious risk from exposure to health hazards associated with exposure to the above metals
in the boreholes in Dumasi. If the results of this study are applied to other mining communities, which lie on the Birimian
and Tarkwaian rock system, then the residents are at serious risk from exposure to toxic metals from drinking water from the
boreholes dug for them by mining companies operating in their communities. 相似文献
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The concentrations of 210Pb in the atmosphere of Kuwait Cityhave been monitored over a period of five years (January 1994 toDecember 1998) using cellulose air filters for analysis with liquid scintillation counting for gross beta. Results show thatthe distribution of daily averaged 210Pb concentrations varied from 0.002 to 2.53 mBqm-3 with an average of 0.896 mBqm-3 and a geometric mean of 0.687 mBqm-3. The studysuggests that the existence of 210Pb in air in Kuwait originates mainly from re-circulated fraction of 210Pb whichwas already deposited on ground surface, not from direct decay of radon.The long-term trend pattern for the five years shows a seasonalvariation with maximum concentrations occurring in the autumn season. 相似文献
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湖泊微生物生态过程研究是深入了解湖泊生态系统结构与功能的关键。论述了湖泊微生物多样性时空分布规律及群落构建机制研究进展,总结了微生物群落构建机制的分析方法,介绍了微生物生态网络构建原理及应用。群落构建机制分析方法分为统计分析法、模型推断法和生态网络分析法。统计分析法包括群落结构差异分析、群落结构-环境因子关联分析和方差分解分析等,此类方法能够初步识别驱动群落组成与结构时空差异的影响因子,判别空间因素与已知环境变量对群落构建过程的相对贡献;模型推断法包括中性群落模型方法和零模型方法等,能够进一步实现对群落构建生态过程的区分,量化和比较随机性因素及确定性因素的相对重要性;生态网络分析法可用于揭示物种共现模式,探究作为确定性因素的生物相互作用,也可用于物种-环境响应关系的研究,探究环境选择过程对群落结构的影响。 相似文献
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A preliminary study to determine the profile of PAHs in the exhaust of gasoline vehicles in Delhi was conducted. Three different
types of vehicles (cars, autorickshaws and scooters) were selected with different age groups for sampling purpose. The concentration
of Total PAHs (Σ12PAHs) was found to be 27.27 ± 2.27, 28.61 ± 3.70 and 29.81 ± 3.57 mg/g in the exhaust of cars, auto- rickshaws (three wheelers)
and two wheelers, respectively. The levels of PAHs were found to be high in scooter exhaust as compared to that of cars and
autorickshaws. The total PAHs concentration in the present study was found to be higher as compared to other studies. Such
a high concentration could be attributed to different parameters like the age of the vehicles, driving conditions, the fuel
quality and the emission standards. 相似文献
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石家庄市冬季大气中VOCs污染特征分析 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
为弄清石家庄市冬季大气中VOCs的污染特征,采用美国环保局TO-15方法对石家庄市冬季大气中VOCs组成进行了定性和定量分析。在此基础上,进行了VOCs的月度变化分析、春节期间的变化分析,并进行了VOCs与空气质量指数AQI、PM2.5等之间的相关性分析;根据VOCs组成及变化情况和相关性,分析了其可能的来源。结果表明,石家庄市冬季大气中VOCs的质量浓度为145.7~1 410.7μg/m3,VOCs组分主要有丙酮、二氯甲烷、苯、乙酸乙酯、甲苯、1,2-二氯丙烷、三氯甲烷。春节期间,大气中VOCs的浓度有大幅的下降,比日常均值下降了40.9%。AQI较高时,大气中VOCs浓度有所升高。石家庄市冬季大气中丙酮、二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯等主要来源于医药化工生产活动,苯、甲苯主要来源于煤燃烧。 相似文献