废水中微量Cr^6＋测定中的试样前处理

采用离子交换树脂预处理工业废水方法测定微量Ｃｒ＾６＋，排除了Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｆｅ＾３＋、Ｈｇ＾２＋等阳离子干扰，减除水中浊度、色度、免去冗长预处理手续，使原方法简便易行，回收率达９０％以上。     

测定甲基托布津的分光光度法的研究

用Ｃｕ＾２＋和甲基托布津在氨碱性条件下作用产生沉淀，离心分离未反应的Ｃｒ＾２＋，经ＣＯ显色剂在柠檬酸缓冲液中显色后，测定溶液中的Ｃｒ＾２＋浓度可间接求得甲基托布律的含量。此方法简便快捷，且可进行微量测定。用本方法与络合滴定法做对照试验。结果能很好的符合。     

离子色谱法测定工业废水中氟硼酸根

应用离子色谱法对Ｆ＾－、Ｃｌ＾－、ＮＯ２＾－、ＰＯ４＾３－与ＢＦ４＾－进行了分离，实现了工业废水中ＢＦ４＾－的测定，具有检测限低、线性范围宽、分析时间短等特点。     

水中二氧化氯,氯,亚氯酸根和氯酸根区分测定法

为了保护人类健康制定卫生规范,同时为ＣｌＯ２的研究和应用提供基础手段,必须要建立一种能准确区分测定水中ＣｌＯ２,Ｃｌ２,ＣｌＯ＾－１２,ＣｌＯ＾－３浓度的方法。回顾了现有水中ＣｌＯ２,Ｃｌ２,ＣｌＯ＾－２和ＣｌＯ＾－３的区分测定方法,评述了各种测定方法的优缺点和适用性,指出了目前在区分测定这恨氧化物的方法中存在的问题,提出了解决问题的途径。     

异相平衡流动注射分光光度法测定水中痕量SO^2—4

根据异相平衡的原理,确立了用流动注射分光光度法测定水样中痕量ＳＯ＾２－４的新方法。利用Ｂａ（Ⅱ）与偶氮氯磷Ⅲ的二元络合显色反应及ＢａＳＯ４＝Ｂａ＾２＋＋ＳＯ＾２－４进入微溶化合物ＢａＳＯ４反应柱前后吸光值的改变,从而求得ＳＯ＾２－浓度。表观摩尔吸光系数ε＝２．３＊１０＾４Ｌ．ｍｏｌ＾－１．ｃｍ＾－１,ＳＯ＾２－４检的线性范围为０－４０ｍｇ／Ｌ,检测限为０．８０ｍｇ／Ｌ,相对标准偏差为１．２％,试     

准液膜富集环境水中痕量金属离子

对准液膜法富集环境水中痕量Ｚｎ２＋、Ｃｄ２＋、Ｐｂ２＋进行了研究,此法简单、快速,富集倍数达１００倍,回收率在９５％以上。     

用外加指示剂标定低浓度高锰酸钾溶液

以邻菲罗啉－Ｆｅ＾２＋为指示剂，在酸性法测定高锰酸盐指数中，用为标定高锰酸钾标准溶液和测定水样时显示滴定终点，使所得结果更为确切。     

发生氢气分离离子色谱法间接测定水中硫化物

利用ＫＢＨ４在酸性条件下分解产生的氢气为载气分离水中硫化物，用ＮａＯＨ—Ｈ２Ｏ２溶液吸收Ｈ２Ｓ，并将其氧化为ＳＯ２－４，用离子色谱法测定ＳＯ２－４。方法用于各种水样中硫化物的测定，相对标准偏差为１．５８％，回收率在９０．５％到９８．２％之间。方法适用于水中硫化物的测定     

用醌式染料的合成反光度法测定水中NO^—2

报道了以Ｎ、Ｎ－二甲基苯氨,对氨基苯乙酮为偶联,重氮试剂,利用醌式染料的合成反应测定ＮＯ＾－２的新方法,本法灵敏度高,选择性好,无试剂空白。ＮＯ＾－２在０－８００μｇ／Ｌ内服从比耳定律。醌式染料及试剂均稳定,已用于环境水中ＮＯ＾－２的测定。     

以N,N—二甲基苯胺为偶联试剂示波极谱法测定水中NO2^——N

研究了ＮＯ２＾－－磺胺重氮盐与Ｎ,Ｎ－二甲基苯胺偶联反应的条件及产物在乙醇,ＮＨ３－ＮＨ４Ｃｌ（ｐＨ＝１０）介质中的极谱行为。二阶导数波高与ＮＯ２＾－－Ｎ浓度在０．０００６－０．０７ｍｇ／Ｌ内呈良好线性关系,回收率为９７％－１０２％,已用于环境水中ＮＯ＾－２－Ｎ的测定。     

燃煤工业城市大气细颗粒物中水溶性无机离子的季节变化特征及来源解析——以邯郸市为例

为探究典型燃煤工业城市邯郸市的大气细颗粒物(PM2.5)污染水平及水溶性无机离子特征,于2016年1—12月采集了当地大气PM2.5样品,然后利用离子色谱法测得水溶性无机离子的组分,分析了不同季节水溶性无机离子随PM2.5的浓度变化特征。通过对PM2.5中的阴离子、阳离子进行分析发现,SO4^2-、NO3^-和NH4^+在春夏秋冬四季均为PM2.5中的主要离子成分,SO4^2-、NO3^-和NH4^+的浓度之和在春夏秋冬四季占各季节总的水溶性无机离子浓度的百分比分别为84.6%、77.4%、89.9%、62.5%。其中,在春季和冬季含量最高的3种离子分别是NO3^-、SO4^2-和NH4^+,夏季含量最高的3种离子分别是SO4^2-、NH4^+和NO3^-,而秋季含量最高的3种离子分别是NH4^+、SO4^2-和NO3^-。相关性分析发现,2016年春季、夏季和秋季PM2.5为酸性,冬季为碱性。SO4^2-、NO3^-、NH4^+浓度分析表明,冬季PM2.5中的一次建筑扬尘排放较多。通过主成分分析法得出,PM2.5中水溶性无机离子主要来源于二次转化和生物质燃烧。     

Advances in the determination of inorganic ions in potable waters by ion chromatography

Ion chromatography (IC) is now a well-established methodology for the analysis of ionic species. The technique is applicable to the determination of a wide range of solutes in many sample types, although the determination of inorganic ions in potable waters continues to be the most widely used application of ion chromatography. Many standardization and regulatory bodies, such as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), have approved methods of analysis based upon IC, most of which have been published within the last decade. Recent developments in the field of IC, such as the use of higher capacity columns, larger loop injections, more complex sample preparation and detection schemes, have been incorporated into these new approved methods. These advances allow the determination of environmentally significant contaminants, such as common inorganic anions, bromate, perchlorate and chromate, at trace levels in potable waters using ion chromatography.     

抑制型电导-离子色谱法测定水中无机阴离子

采用抑制型电导-离子色谱法测定生活饮用水、污水和地表水中F-、Cl-、NO2-、Br-、NO3-、PO43-、SO42-等7种无机阴离子,对清洁水样过滤后直接测定,浑浊样品离心后取上清液过滤测定。F-在0.100 mg/L~1.20 mg/L范围内、其余6种阴离子在1.00 mg/L~12.0 mg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.031 mg/L~0.47 mg/L,水样平行测定的RSD为0.9%~1.8%,加标回收率为82.6%~110%。     

离子色谱法测定废气中的丙酸

建立了用离子色谱法测定有组织废气和无组织废气中丙酸的新方法，常规无机阴离子对该方法的测定没有干扰。对实际废气样品进行分析，丙酸的回收率分别为91．5％～106％。该方法分析速度快，所需样品量少，且无需复杂的前处理，简便、灵敏、可靠。     

离子色谱法测定废气中的丙烯酸

采用离子色谱法测定废气中的丙烯酸，几种常见的无机阴离子对分析无干扰。方法在0．100mg／L～10．0mg／L范围内线性良好，对有组织废气和无组织废气的检出限分别为0．04mg／m3和0．003mg／m3，废气平行样品测定值的相对偏差为3．4％～10．5％，加标样品的回收率为91％～102％。     

工业废气中丙酸和丙烯酸的测定

建立了用离子色谱法测定有组织废气和无组织废气中丙酸和丙烯酸的新方法,常规无机阴离子对此没有干扰。对实际废气样品进行分析,丙酸、丙烯酸的回收率分别为91.2%~106%、92.0%~104%。该方法分析速度快,所需样品量少,且无需复杂的前处理过程,简便、灵敏、可靠。     

气相分子吸收光谱法在海水无机氮测定中的适用性研究

为探究气相分子吸收光谱法在海水无机氮测定中的适用情况，在检出限的10～20倍、30～50倍、50～100倍3个浓度范围内开展了准确度、加标回收率和方法比对试验。结果表明，采用气相分子吸收光谱法测定海水亚硝酸盐氮(0～0.100 mg/L)、硝酸盐氮(0～0.400 mg/L)、氨氮(0～0.200 mg/L)时，标准曲线均具有很好的线性，线性拟合度均在0.999 3以上，检出限依次为0.000 8、0.004、0.004 mg/L,且该方法不具有盐效应，适用于海水样品的检测。当样品浓度太低时，气相分子吸收光谱法测定结果的准确度较低，因此，建议仅在亚硝酸盐氮浓度高于0.030 mg/L、硝酸盐氮浓度高于0.100 mg/L、氨氮浓度高于0.090 mg/L时使用该方法，对应的海域为河口及近岸等无机氮含量较高的海域。此外，为保证测定结果的准确度，每个样品需平行测定2～3次。     

质谱及其联用技术在水中消毒副产物识别和分析中的应用

水中消毒副产物(DBPs)是在水消毒过程中消毒剂与水中溶解性有机物以及无机离子发生反应而产生,其对水环境生态安全和人体健康有不利影响。简述了DBPs的生成、种类、毒性和分析方法等,重点综述了气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)、液相色谱-质谱联用(LC-MS)、离子色谱-质谱联用(IC-MS)以及超高分辨率质谱(UPMS)等质谱(MS)及其联用技术在水中DBPs识别和分析中的应用,分析了不同MS技术的特点和应用实例,提出了MS技术在DBPs研究领域的发展方向与挑战。     

Performance of methods for measurement of exposure to inorganic acids in workplace air

BGIA has organised round robins for the analysis of samples of inorganic acids in workplace air for a number of years. Test samples of the volatile acids HCl and HNO(3) are collected from a standard atmosphere and samples of the non-volatile acids H(3)PO(4) and H(2)SO(4) are prepared by spiking filters with acid solution. The last two round robins have also covered the sampling of volatile acids, with up to 15 "active" participants able to visit the test facility in Dresden and take samples themselves. For other "passive" participants, BGIA takes samples from the same atmosphere. The acid concentrations generated lie between 0,1 and 1 times the German limit values for HCl and HNO(3). The results for the last round robin showed no significant difference between the performance of the "active" and "passive" participants. The participant means were in good agreement with the theoretical concentrations and the quality control measurements. For "active" participants RSDs were between 7% and 14% and for all participants between 8% and 16%. The round robin for the non-volatile acids showed similar results. The participant means were again in excellent agreement with the quality control measurements and RSDs were between 12% and 15%. The BGIA round robins have demonstrated the proficiency of laboratories measuring exposure to inorganic acids in air. However, concerns remain about the performance of published methods. It has shown that the sampling efficiency of sorbent tubes falls off with increasing particle size and hence silica gel tube methods may give low results for acid mists. Another issue with silica gel tubes is that a substantial proportion of the sample can be collected on the glass wool plugs that retain the sorbent. This can be up to 50% for HCl and 100% for HNO(3). Hence, low results may be obtained if the glass wool plugs are discarded. Similarly, methods for volatile inorganic acids that use a pre-filter to remove particulates usually overlook the fact that the acids can react with co-particulate matter on the pre-filter. Low recoveries in the range 30%-50% have been found when sampling HCl through filters loaded with potential interferents. Finally, particulate salts interfere with filter sampling methods for non-volatile inorganic acids. A two-part International Standard is in preparation for inorganic acids by ion chromatography and the issues discussed above are being taken into consideration during its development.     

HPLC-ICP/MS联用测定废水中甲基汞和无机汞

采用高效液相色谱(HPLC)-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP/MS)联用测定废水中可滤态的甲基汞和无机汞,优化了仪器工作条件,讨论了方法干扰及校正办法。甲基汞和无机汞在0.500μg/L~25.0μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限分别为0.03μg/L和0.07μg/L,废水样品平行测定的RSD分别为6.5%~7.6%和6.2%~6.8%,加标回收率分别为84.0%~87.0%和88.0%~92.4%。