东平湖浮游动物对南水北调东线运行的时空响应

东平湖是南水北调东线工程输水线路下游的最后一个调蓄湖泊.为探究调水后的东平湖浮游动物时空响应,于2016—2017年对东平湖浮游动物进行了涵盖春(4月)、夏(7月)、秋(10月)、冬(1月)的4次调查,共检出浮游动物3类72种(属),其中,轮虫51种(70.83％)、枝角类11种(15.28％)、桡足类10种(13.8...     

南水北调东线工程东平湖水质受水产养殖业影响分析

按照国家南水北调水质的要求,以东平湖实际情况为依据,分析水产养殖业对东平湖水质影响。     

南水北调东线工程东平湖水COD环境容量计算及水质控制措施

根据南水北调东平湖水质要求,通过调查,摸清了东平湖上游的排污现状,选用多点容量计算法得出各河段和东平湖的COD环境容量,并提出了控制措施。     

京杭运河(徐州段)中氨氮的迁移降解特性

运河徐州段河流全长24.6公里,河宽80—110米,水深4米左右,是徐州市城市用水(包括生活饮用)、农业灌溉工业用水、水产养殖与航运的复合多功能人工控制河流.1986年实行南水北调后,全年有280—300天向上游调水,水流向上;停调水每年约50天左右,河流呈滞水状态;当连降大雨后,开闸放水,水流又向下,所以,运河完全是人工控制河道.运河两岸分布着诸多排污口,严重影响了南水北调水质及其周围生态环境.     

水源地污染源无人机遥感监测

无人机遥感是近年新兴的航空遥感技术,随着无人机平台与载荷的不断进步,其研究应用愈加深入,已广泛应用于各行业领域,并作为卫星遥感技术的补充,愈加发挥着重要作用。为拓展无人机遥感技术应用潜力,分析无人机在环保领域应用效果,以扬州市南水北调工程东线输水水域的水源地为研究区域,基于其污染源特征及周边生态环境状况,研究无人机平台与载荷搭配(可见光与热红外)技术,监测研究区污染源,分析其对水质的潜在影响。结果表明,研究区存在多处污染源,主要为点源污染(工业点源、水产养殖、生活污水),面源污染(河道码头、水土流失、农业)和内源污染(航运船舶、桥梁交通运输、渔民生活)等,同时,发现某助剂厂隐藏在水面下的4个排污口。该项技术的实验研究,发挥了无人机平台与载荷搭配应用效果,获取了污染源的类型、数量、空间分布及其扩散形态,为水源地无人机遥感技术应用奠定了工作基础。     

南水北调东线水质考核断面达标风险预警监控研究——以高邮市北澄子河三垛西大桥断面为示范断面

为确保南水北调东线输水干线江苏段水质达标,以高邮市北澄子河三垛西大桥断面为示范断面,通过对三垛西大桥断面水质及北澄子河沿程水质变化趋势进行分析,结合对污染来源的剖析,提出应设置风险预警监控断面,制定达标治理措施,加强对三垛西大桥断面水质的风险预警监控.     

区域水环境安全预警系统框架的建立及应用

从保护人类社会与水环境之间的协调出发，以环境风险评价理论为基础，从区域水环境安全风险管理的角度，提出了构建区域水环境安全预警系统的方法。对预警系统运作的基本环节作了具体说明，并以南水北调东线工程为例，介绍了该方法的应用成果。     

南水北调东平湖水质变化趋势分析研究

采用了季节性肯达尔法水质趋势分析方法,分析了1984～2000年东平湖水质的变化情况,目前东平湖水质一般为Ⅴ类、Ⅵ类,个别年份为超Ⅴ类,氨氮平均值历年变化不大,一般均符合Ⅰ Ⅲ类水质,挥发酚和砷含量甚小,各年均符合Ⅰ类水。     

基于星空地协同技术的长江扬州段沿岸生态空间状况调查与评价

长江扬州段是南水北调东线的源头水域,也是江淮生态大走廊的核心区,生态区域敏感性和重要性尤为突出。通过高分辨率卫星遥感筛查-无人机遥感详查-地面人工核查的星空地协同技术对长江扬州段沿岸自然岸线保有率、土地利用状况以及周边环境风险源进行全面调查。结果表明:(1)长江扬州段自然岸线保有率为46.20%,岸线范围内建设用地占比达33.35%,开发强度较高;(2)沿岸有码头114座,入江排口104个,部分排口存在水色异常等环境问题;(3)沿江生态保护红线区域内存在加油船溢油现象和驳船违规堆放固体废弃物等环境安全隐患。     

“引江济太”对太湖北部底质及水质总磷的影响

应用GIS技术研究了"引江济太"对太湖北部底质与水质总磷(TP)浓度的影响。研究结果表明,2014—2019年,调水北部沿线4个点位底质TP浓度降幅为59.8%～80.5%;不同点位的水质TP浓度变化存在差异,入湖口点位下降14.1%,沿线其他点位分别上升37.4%、38.6%和45.0%。从空间分布来看,太湖水质TP始终呈明显的"西高东低"分布特点,但底质TP的分布未显示出该类规律。望亭水利枢纽调水情况与入湖口5#点位底质TP浓度呈一定程度的正相关,在调水入湖水量大于出湖水量的年份,5#点位底质TP浓度会偏高。"引江济太"会对太湖北部调水沿线,特别是入湖口附近水域的TP含量产生较大影响,并通过水流迁移与底质再悬浮释放影响下游水域。如何降低望虞河及周边支流的入湖泥沙量将是今后开展科学调水、保障贡湖水源地水质安全的重点研究方向之一。     

Seasonal dynamics of phytoplankton and its relationship with the environmental factors in Dongping Lake, China

Dongping Lake is the final adjusting and storing lake in the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China, and there has been serious concern regarding the water quality. Understanding the process of phytoplankton variation can be particularly useful in water quality improvement and management decisions. In this study, the phytoplankton taxonomic composition, abundance, temporal variations, spatial distribution, and diversity were studied based on a monthly sampling campaign from three sampling stations between May 2010 and May 2011. A total of 132 species (8 phyla, 72 genera), including 64 species of Chlorophyta, 26 species of Bacillariophyta, 21 species of Cyanophyta, 12 species of Euglenophyta, 3 species of Cryptophyta, 2 species of Xanthophyta, 1 species of Pyrrophyta, and 3 species of Chrysophyta were identified. Average phytoplankton diversity index and evenness values were 3.83 and 0.77, respectively, revealing a high biodiversity of phytoplankton community. The phytoplankton abundance averaged 5.11?×?10⁶ cells/L, with Bacillariophyta dominant in winter and spring, but Cyanophyta in summer and autumn. There were 14 predominant species including Pseudanabaena limnetica, Chlamydomonas simplex, Cyclotella stelligera, and Chroomonas acuta. Phytoplankton community structure and water quality variables changed substantially over the survey period; redundancy analysis, Pearson correlations, and regression analysis as an integrated approach were applied to analyze the relationships among them. Total phosphorus and ammonium played governing roles in the phytoplankton dynamics of Dongping Lake during all periods investigated.     

滇池浮游藻类群落构成调查

对滇池浮游藻类群落组成和空间分布开展了2次调查,鉴定出藻类8门66属159种及变种,绿藻种类最多,蓝藻次之。5、12月滇池全湖平均藻类密度分别为1.398×108、2.180×108个/升,蓝藻门微囊藻属为优势藻类。5月的调查中滇池外海藻类生物量呈北高南低的格局,而12月则呈现南部和中部高,北部低。外海的藻类生物量明显高于草海,草海藻类群落构成与外海明显不同,主要表现为绿藻门藻类所占比例较高。12月滇池外海及全湖藻类生物量都显著高于5月。与上一次(2006—2007年)滇池浮游藻类的系统调查相比,滇池(主要是外海)浮游藻类在物种数量、常见藻类、优势藻类及生物量水平方面与之接近。     

Modelling the Effects of Inflow Parameters on Lake Water Quality

A one-dimensional lake water quality model which includes water temperature, phytoplankton, phosphorus as phosphate, nitrogen as ammonia, nitrogen as nitrate and dissolved oxygen concentrations, previously calibrated for Lake Calhoun (USA) is applied to Uokiri Lake (Japan) for the year 1994. The model simulated phytoplankton and nutrient concentrations in the lake from July to November. Most of the water quality parameters are found to be the same as for Lake Calhoun. To predict probable lake water quality deterioration from algal blooming due to increased nutrient influx from river inflow, the model was run for several inflow water conditions. Effects of inflow nutrient concentration, inflow volume, inflow water temperatures are presented separately. The effect of each factor is considered in isolation although in reality more than one factor can change simultaneously. From the results it is clear that inflow nutrient concentration, inflow volume and inflow water temperature show very regular and reasonable impacts on lake water quality.     

Phytoplankton variation and its relationship with the environmental factors in Nansi Lake, China

Nansi Lake is an important storage lake in the east route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China, about which there has been serious concern regarding the water quality. In this study, the phytoplankton taxonomic composition, abundance, temporal variations, spatial distribution, and diversity were studied based on a monthly sampling campaign from five sampling stations between January 2010 and December 2010. A total of 159 species (8 phyla, 79 genera), including 74 species of Chlorophyta, 36 species of Bacillariophyta, 19 species of Cyanophyta (including 2 water bloom causative species), 21 species of Euglenophyta, 3 species of Cryptophyta, 5 species of Xanthophyta, 2 species of Pyrrophyta, and 2 species of Chrysophyta, were identified. Average phytoplankton diversity index and evenness values were 4.33 and 0.81, respectively, revealing high biodiversity of phytoplankton community. The phytoplankton abundance averaged at 9.51?×?10⁶ cells L^?1 and was much higher than previous investigations carried out in 1983–1984. The dominant species were Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta in winter and spring, and Chlorophyta and Cyanophyta in summer and atutumn. There were 14 predominant species including Chlorella vulgaris, Cyclotella stelligera, Pseudanabaena limnetica, and Chroomonas acuta. Phytoplankton community structure and environmental variable changed substantially over the survey period. Redundancy Analysis was used to analyze the relationship between them. Temperature was considered to be the key factor driving the change in phytoplankton community composition in Nansi Lake during the 2010 study period.     

1988—2017年洞庭湖浮游植物的群落演变

1988-2017年洞庭湖共记录浮游植物8门110属，其中蓝藻门15属、绿藻门45属、硅藻门28属、裸藻门7属、甲藻门4属、隐藻门4属、金藻门5属、黄藻门2属。洞庭湖所出现的物种主要是绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门，分别占全湖种类的40.9%、25.5%和13.6%，而其他5门只占20.0%。洞庭湖浮游植物优势种群从20世纪90年代初的以隐藻和硅藻为主转变为目前以硅藻和绿藻为主，在个别湖区（如大小西湖）已经出现以蓝藻为优势种群的现象，洞庭湖已经到了由中营养到轻度富营养化的转折点。洞庭湖浮游植物密度呈显著上升趋势，由20世纪90年代左右的2.06×10⁴ cells/L上升到目前的32.3×10⁴ cells/L。东洞庭湖浮游植物种类和密度显著高于西洞庭湖和南洞庭湖。近30年来分析表明浮游植物密度和种类都与总氮显著正相关，都与溶解氧显著负相关。     

阳澄湖浮游植物调查与水质评价

阳澄湖是太湖平原上第三大淡水湖泊和苏州市重要的综合水源.从2004年3-10月对阳澄湖进行了3次浮游植物的调查,共发现浮游植物8门83属211种(包括变种),其中阳澄西湖71属153种、阳澄中湖68属140种、阳澄东湖74属151种.并利用浮游植物的生物学多样性指数对阳澄湖进行了水质评价,该水体整体处于重污染状态,且污...     

蠡湖综合整治十年来水环境变化的研究

对蠡湖2002-2012年湖体水质、富营养化状况和浮游植物种群进行了研究.结果表明,经过十年蠡湖综合整治工程,蠡湖水环境有了显著改善.TN、TP、NH3-N、CODMn和Chl-a浓度分别下降85.2％、70.4％、96.2％、55.3％和81.6％;TLI由70.9降至52.0,水体由中度富营养好转为轻度富营养;浮游植物种群结构有所演变,近二年种群结构呈现明显季节性差异,夏季蓝藻中的微囊藻成优势种,约占整个水体藻类密度的90％以上.蠡湖水质显著改善的同时,藻类水华情况未得到本质好转,在适宜的水文气象条件下易发生藻类水华.建议提高水体透明度,增加水体流动性,为进一步改善蠡湖水环境,乃至改善湖河小流域水环境起积极作用.     

2015—2018年海州湾及邻近海域浮游植物群落结构特征

根据2015—2018年春、夏季海州湾及邻近海域8个航次的调查资料,对该海域浮游植物种类组成、优势种、丰度及多样性进行了调查,应用相关性分析和典范对应分析(CCA)研究了环境因子对海州湾浮游植物群落结构的影响,共发现浮游植物96种,其中硅藻80种。中肋骨条藻(Skeletonema costatum)在各航次均是第一优势种。调查海域浮游植物丰度为4.20×103~7952.00×103个/L,平均值为504.54×103个/L。平均Shannon-Wiener(H’)多样性指数为2.66,2018年夏季航次最低仅1.52,2015年春季航次最高为3.73。多样性基本呈春季高夏季低的趋势。Pearson相关性分析显示,水温、活性磷酸盐及化学需氧量与浮游植物群落结构关系密切。典范对应分析则表明,海州湾春季优势物种主要受水温、溶解氧和盐度的影响,而夏季则受多种因子的综合影响。近年来海州湾浮游植物多样性整体呈缓慢下降趋势可能受紫菜大规模养殖的影响。     

鄱阳湖浮游藻类群落特征及与环境因子典范对应分析

通过2018—2019年夏冬季在鄱阳湖布设17个采样点,采样检测浮游藻类和水质参数,并采用典范对应分析法研究该湖浮游藻类群落结构特征及其与环境因子的相互关系。结果表明,两次调查共检测出浮游藻类7门31科58属,浮游藻类丰度范围为3.5×105 L-1～1.15×107 L-1,主要由绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门组成,绿藻门为夏、冬季主要优势种群。典范对应分析结果显示,鄱阳湖冬季湖区水环境空间差异较大,而夏季差异较小;夏季氮磷营养盐和DO是影响浮游藻类群落时空分布的主要环境因子,冬季氮磷营养盐、BOD5和IMn是影响浮游藻类群落时空分布的主要环境因子。