电视机和有线通讯设备流水线作业工人慢性肌肉骨髓损伤调查研究

电视机和有线通讯设备的生产，均采和流水线作业方式，３９０名生产工人的主要慢性肌肉骨骼损伤有手疲劳、右臂疲劳及肩痛，与对照人群比较，Ｐ（０．０５差异显著。手痛、腕痛、颈痛及上下背痛虽多于对照人九，但无统计学意义，这与Ｌａｏｐａｊａｒｒｉ和ｓｈｉｈａｎ等报告不同，这可能与当时工厂定额相对较低，全天纯劳动工时相对短有关。     

机械加工工人慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查研究

机械加工作业十分普遍，通过对１４０名机加工工人的调查，发现手、腕、臂、肩、颈和上背的疼痛及腕、上臂和上背的压痛与对照人群比，Ｐ＜ ０．０５差异明显，下背酸痛虽较对照人群高，但无统计学意义。这可能与机械加工时需取低头、颈前弯、上背前倾体位及勿需常弯腰等因素有关     

邮局分拣工慢性肌肉骨骼损伤调查研究

对２７５名邮局分拣工的调查发现，其慢性肌肉骨骼损伤主要涉及手、腕、臂、肩、上背及下背，与对照人群比较，Ｐ〈０．０５，差别显著。另外腱鞘囊肿的检出率达４．７３％ ，明显高于对照人群     

视屏作业人员慢怀肌肉骨骼损伤的调查研究

２３２名微机操作人员的慢性肌肉骨骼损伤表现为肩、颈、一背的酸痛和肩疲劳，与对照组比差异显著。手、腕及上肢的慢性损伤虽较对照组高，但无统计学意义。这与他们的击键次数相对较少，但需长期间保持低头及向前弯腰的坐位姿势及工作台面大高等因素有关。     

视屏作业人员慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查研究

２３２名微机操作人员的慢性肌肉骨骼损伤表现为肩、颈、下背的酸痛和肩疲劳，与对照组比差异显著。手、腕及上肢的慢性损伤虽较对照组高，但无统计学意义。这与他们的击键次数相对较少（每日１００００次左右），但需长期间保持低头及向前弯腰的坐位姿势及工作台面太高等因素有关     

缝纫工慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查

缝纫流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉骨骼损伤十分普遍，且涉及面广，如手、腕、肘、臂、肩、颈、背及下肢，其症状与对照人群比，有显著差异。这与他们的工作紧张、工作时间率过多、工中休息时间过少、坐椅过高、工作台面过高及过度低头、向前弯腰等因素有关     

35年安全无事故的“故事”——金湖县渡管所抓安全掠影

前不久．在县交通系统“安全生产”总结会上．金湖县渡船管理所又一次被表彰为“安全生产先进集体”．新上任的所长陈军同志手捧奖状，笑嘻嘻地走进人群。熟悉情况的同志议论说：“这是渡管所第35个年头被表彰”。     

疲劳及其消除方法

疲劳不但会带来疾病，而且对安全生产也是极为不利的，往往造成工作的种种失误。疲劳有各种表现形式及产生的原因，同时也有各种消除方法。体力疲劳：表现为全身困乏，总想坐下来，想躺下来，打呵欠，打瞌睡。但精神上并无痛苦，甚至有时还有几分惬意。体力疲劳产生的原因是代谢产物在血液里堆积过多，使肌肉不能继续有效地活动。这一信息一旦传到中枢神经系统，便产生了疲劳感。这在生产操作中，就会产生精力不集中，出现误操作，就易发生事故。体力疲劳消除的办法是多注意休息，保证足够的睡眠，注意饮食，调节劳动时间。脑力疲劳：长时间…     

缝纫工件慢性肌肉骨骼损伤的调查

缝纫流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉骨髂损伤十分普遍，且涉及面广，如手、腕、肘、臂肩、颈、背及下肢，其症状与对照给群比，有显著差异。这与他们的工作紧张、工作时间率过多、工中休息时间过少、坐椅过高、工作台面过高及过度低头、向前弯腰等因素有关。     

常打电脑易患前臂腱鞘炎 香港劳工处制订法例保护雇员

香港劳工处指出，与电脑工作有关的职业病有增加趋势，因而建议立例保障经常使用电脑的雇员，包括给予该些雇员在工作期间有定时休息的安排。因经常使用电脑致使手都疲劳而引起前管住鞘炎的个案，从1995年至1997年香港每年大约有三十至五十宗，到今年首十个月已增加至六十一宗。职安局一项研究发现，六百多个每日操作电脑的办公室人员之中有百分之七十经常感到眼部不适，经常肩颈痛的有百分之五十以上，研究认为这与有关人员连续长时间使用电脑有关。香港劳工顾问委员会目前已开始讨论职业安全健康条例之附属法例，以保障经常用电脑的雇员。…     

汽车组装流水线作业工人慢性肌肉骨骼损伤调查研究

从调查３１６名汽车组装流水线作业工人的慢性肌肉损伤情况中发现，其主要不适有右手或右肩的疲劳、下背痛、手腕压痛、前臂压痛及下背压痛等。汽车组装流水作业工人的这些症状和体征与其工作时右上肢活动明显多于左上肢及常处于前倾弯腰体位有关     

Musculoskeletal Symptoms In Workers

Self-report measures of musculoskeletal discomfort are a widely used and generally accepted risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders in epidemiologic research. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms in packing workers. A cross-sectional study of 75 workers was carried out using a modified Nordic questionnaire. Prevalence was determined with the percentage of positive responses to questions on musculoskeletal symptoms. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were the measures of association between prevalent musculoskeletal symptoms and demographic factors; they were determined with logistic regression. Most musculoskeletal symptoms in workers were from the low back (44.0%), shoulders (33.3%) and neck (32.0%). Years worked were strongly significantly associated with musculoskeletal symptoms and pain in the neck, shoulders and wrists/hands, P< .001-.050. Hazards related to repetitive movements and discomfort postures could be reduced with stretching exercises, rotation schedules and through new engineering solutions.     

园林工人割灌作业职业性肌肉骨骼疾患的工效学研究

职业性肌肉骨骼疾患是园林工人的常见职业病,严重影响园林工人的工作效率和身体健康。对18名从事园林割灌作业的工人通过NMQ北欧肌肉骨骼系统问卷调查表进行调查,统计得出园林割灌作业的下背痛患病率约在60%左右,从事割灌整枝作业工人下背痛患病率为25%,从事割草作业下背痛患病率达444%,割草作业的下背痛患病率明显高于割灌整枝操作者。应用SPSS190软件进行下背痛的危害因子分析,得出下背痛的发生主要与重复动作、工龄、日提举负荷等有关。     

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders,Job Stressors and Gender Responses in Foundry Industry

The main aim of this paper was to identify job stressors, gender responses and association of psychosocial work stressors with prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) among foundry workers. The data were obtained with ergonomics checklist using Likert scale. The results of this study showed a high prevalence of MSDs among workers. The male workers were more prone to pain in neck while the female workers were more prone to MSDs in upper back and shoulders. Correlation analysis showed significant relationship of dimensions of work aspects with pain and discomfort. It proved that the work-related MSDs are the results of interaction of multiple stressors associated with work and work environment, and other personal factors. ANOVA indicated that the perception of work aspects as stressors differed significantly between male and female workers.     

Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders at Workplaces in the People’s Republic of China

This paper presents 2 musculoskeletal disorders questionnaire surveys in 10 different Chinese occupational groups. Data collected from 1,603 workers using a modified Nordic musculoskeletal disorders symptom questionnaire showed that the 12-month prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders, particularly in the low back and shoulder-neck regions, was high at many Chinese workplaces. Significant differences existed between occupational groups. Assembly workers usually had higher neck-shoulder complaints compared to workers in most other occupations. However, the nature of assembly seemed also to influence the prevalence rate. Workers at a cassette recorder and a TV set assembly plant appeared to have more neck complaints compared with a group of thermos flask assemblers.     

The relationship between protective and risk characteristics of acting and experienced workload, and musculoskeletal disorder cases among nurses

PROBLEMS: Limited research is available on the acting (work characteristics) and experienced (perceived stress) workload of nurses. The relationship between risk and protective characteristics of work-related factors and the prevalence of musculoskletal symptoms in different body regions is also unclear. METHODS: The study was a cross-sectional design with 97 female registered nurses working in a hospital setting. Two surveys were used to document the workload exposure of the nurses. One survey consisted of 148 items aimed to measure the acting workload variables from the environment; the other survey included 33 items that were aimed to measure the nurses' experienced workload. The musculoskeletal outcomes were documented with a modified version of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Symptom Survey. RESULTS: Factor analyses revealed three factors that accounted for 56% of the total variance. Factor 1 (i.e., integrated experienced energy replenishment/expenditure) represented the psychological effects of work characteristics, effort, perceived risk, and performance. Factor 2 (i.e., acting energy replenishment/expenditure) consisted of non-physical variables of the work characteristics, while Factor 3 (i.e., acting energy expenditure) included both acting and experienced workload. Logistic regression analyses indicated that Factor 3 was significantly associated with the musculoskeletal symptoms of lower and upper back, hands/wrists, and knees/lower legs (odds ratios > 1.0). Factor 2 was significantly associated with the musculoskeletal symptoms of the upper back and knees/lower legs (odds ratios < 1.0). SUMMARY: Both the acting and experienced workloads exhibited associations with musculoskeletal outcomes in the lower back, upper back, hands/wrists, and knees/lower legs in terms of risk and protective effects.