台湾康讯GPS/GSM/GPRS车辆监控系统

1 系统组成 康讯GPS/GSM/GPRS车辆监控系统分为车载终端子系统和监控中心子系统两部分. 1.1车载终端子系统 车载终端子系统由IntelliTrac X8车台、显示屏和电话手柄等组成.     

GPS车辆行驶记录定位监控信息管理系统

利用GPS,GIS和GSM等技术,试验开发"GPS车辆行驶记录定位监控信息管理系统"。该系统由GPS定位系统、GPRS/CDMA移动通讯网络、Internet、监控中心组成。对装有车载终端的车辆进行行驶状态的数据采集,通过处理存储到数据库中,为管理人员查阅分析车辆当前状态提供数据。应用信息管理系统后,管理人员能及时了解掌握车辆的方位和状况,提高了生产和安全管理的效率,杜绝了跑私车、绕路行车等现象,有着较好的经济效益。由于信息系统的全天候、全方位监控车辆功能,为应对车辆行驶的安全突发事件的救助和决策提供了有效的手段,具有较好的安全运行效率、社会效益以及广泛的推广应用前景。     

台湾康讯GPS／GSM／GPRS车辆监控系统

康讯GPS／GSM／GPRS车辆监控系统分为车载终端子系统和监控中心子系统两部分。     

机车司机行车安全监控系统应用研究

分析铁路行车安全监控系统的复杂性和现状;设计分局机车司机行车安全监控系统和数据流向;研制车载的机车司机工作状态实时监督系统;采用视频监控、图像处理技术以及人脸识别技术对机车司机工作状态进行识别并实时报警。经过实验证明:对司机长时间离开座位、睡眠和呆木状态有较高的识别率;同时对司机工作状态的图像信号进行压缩储存;管理人员可以回放检查。采用CDMA技术设计了地面对机车司机工作状态的视频监控子系统,可以把司机的工作状态图像及时传送到车站或调度中心。实际线路实验表明,该系统可以大大提高司机工作的安全性。     

车辆事故自动呼救系统车载终端设计

为弥补传统车辆事故自动呼救(ACN)系统车载终端无可视化界面、提供信息不足等缺点,设计出一种新型ACN系统车载终端。详细阐述车载终端的功能需求和总体设计,以及事故检测模块和呼救信息发送模块的模块初始化及工作流程;事故检测模块的功能包括加速度信号和图像信号的采集与存储,呼救信息发送模块可提取地理信息并显示和发送呼救信息。台车碰撞模拟试验的结果表明,车载终端能够准确采集包含更多预测成员伤害程度的有效信息和车内图像,计算碰撞速度变化量、最大碰撞加速度,发送呼救信息,且可视化界面工作正常。     

基于STM32F103ZET6的自定义通信协议电梯监控系统设计

针对电梯运行状态监控问题,提出一种基于自定义通信协议的电梯远程监控系统的设计方案。以STM32F103ZET6为控制核心的电梯监测终端,通过对传感器信号进行检测分析获得电梯运行状态及故障的信息,监测服务平台与电梯监测终端之间采用自定义的通信协议进行数据通信,监测服务平台将所获取的电梯状态及故障信息发送到云计算中心服务器。用户通过客户端登录电梯监控系统,可以实时查看电梯的运行状态、故障信息及历史信息。通过长期实际应用,该监控系统运行稳定可靠,能够实现对电梯远程的实时、可靠监控,为电梯的维修、维护提供及时准确的信息。     

危险品运输车辆监控预警系统设计与开发

遵循危化品运输车辆有关标准和规范,集成计算机、控制、通讯、空间定位和安全管理等技术,提出车辆监控预警系统建设的总体结构和功能框架,阐述了系统的7个特点。设计和开发了车载终端硬件组成、自动监测、报警、安全保护、数据及音视频信息交互等功能以及监控中心的组成与结构、系统性能和功能。给出了异地危化品运输车辆的监控方式,并对5种无线通讯方式进行比较。     

燃气安全监控网络的开发与应用

实时有效的监控手段是城市燃气安全管理中非常重要的环节。为实现实时有效的监控,提出了将管网节点定位、信息传输和传感器技术应用到燃气安全监控网络中,对城市燃气管网数据进行实时监测。文章介绍了地理信息系统(GIS)、数据传输和传感器原理与应用等技术,构建基于地理信息系统的城市燃气监控网络,搭建网络平台,有效提高了城市燃气安全监控技术自动化、信息化水平,为快速决策、及时抢修打下坚实基础。     

GPS/GPRS车载监控终端的设计与实现

随着智能交通系统得到广泛重视,对车辆精确监控与调度的需求也越来越迫切.介绍了GPS/GPRS车辆监控系统的总体结构和车载终端的主要功能,利用高性能的ATMEGA64(L)单片机和SIM508通信模块为核心,设计并实现了一款功能强大的监控系统车载终端.经多次测试,系统性能稳定,效果良好.     

基于GPS/GPRS的车辆移动监控终端的设计与实现

结合GPS/GPRS技术在目标定位和数据传输的优点,介绍了基于GPS/GPRS的车辆监控系统的工作原理及系统框架构成,并着重分析了车载移动监控终端的硬件结构和系统软件设计,详细阐述了在实时嵌入式操作系统NucleusPLUS平台下其各系统软件功能模块的实现.该终端方案充分发挥Nucleus PLUS功能集成的优点,较为方便地实现了终端监控功能.     

The Real-World Safety Potential of Connected Vehicle Technology

Objective: This article estimates the safety potential of a current commercially available connected vehicle technology in real-world crashes.

Method: Data from the Centre for Automotive Safety Research's at-scene in-depth crash investigations in South Australia were used to simulate the circumstances of real-world crashes. A total of 89 crashes were selected for inclusion in the study. The crashes were selected as representative of the most prevalent crash types for injury or fatal crashes and had potential to be mitigated by connected vehicle technology. The trajectory, speeds, braking, and impact configuration of the selected in-depth cases were replicated in a software package and converted to a file format allowing “replay” of the scenario in real time as input to 2 Cohda Wireless MK2 onboard units. The Cohda Wireless onboard units are a mature connected vehicle technology that has been used in both the German simTD field trial and the U.S. Department of Transport's Safety Pilot project and have been tuned for low false alarm rates when used in the real world. The crash replay was achieved by replacing each of the onboard unit Global Positioning System (GPS) inputs with the simulated data of each of the involved vehicles. The time at which the Cohda Wireless threat detection software issued an elevated warning was used to calculate a new impact speed using 3 different reaction scenarios and 2 levels of braking.

Results: It was found that between 37 and 86% of the simulated crashes could be avoided, with highest percentage due a fully autonomous system braking at 0.7 g. The same system also reduced the impact speed relative to the actual crash in all cases. Even when a human reaction time of 1.2 s and moderate braking of 0.4 g was assumed, the impact speed was reduced in 78% of the crashes. Crash types that proved difficult for the threat detection engine were head-on crashes where the approach angle was low and right turn–opposite crashes.

Conclusions: These results indicate that connected vehicle technology can be greatly beneficial in real-world crash scenarios and that this benefit would be maximized by having the vehicle intervene autonomously with heavy braking. The crash types that proved difficult for the connected vehicle technology could be better addressed if controller area network (CAN) information is available, such as steering wheel angle, so that driver intent can be inferred sooner. More accurate positioning in the real world (e.g., combining satellite positioning and accelerometer data) would allow the technology to be more effective for near-collinear head-on and rear-end crashes, because the low approach angles that are common in such crashes are currently ignored in order to minimize false alarms due to positioning uncertainty.     

重大危险源企业级应急救援信息系统的研究

以某大型危险化学品储运企业为背景,对重大危险源应急救援信息系统进行研究,首先对重大危险源应急救援过程中各种信息需求进行分析,将信息分为基础信息、预防信息和救援信息3个方面;然后在单机和网络两种版本硬件结构比较的基础上,以工艺参数传感器、泄漏传感器、火灾报警器、应急设备控制器等主要设备为基础构建了单机版的硬件结构;最后,采用C/S软件结构,运用组件式GIS技术,从系统的总体结构、数据库结构以及功能设计等几个方面对应急救援信息系统进行了研究。     

Qualitative risk assessment of a Dual Fuel (LNG-Diesel) system for heavy-duty trucks

A Dual Fuel (LNG-Diesel) system can be applied to heavy-duty diesel trucks for achieving environmental benefits in comparison to existing diesel vehicles. Because of lack of reports about risk assessment of this technology, we performed a qualitative assessment based on a framework of some literature techniques for risk identification, analysis and evaluation. After constructing a Reliability Block Diagram (RBD) to establish the context, we conducted bow-tie analysis, Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA), likelihood and consequence analysis, and used a risk matrix. We applied these methods and techniques qualitatively to identify causes (e.g. collisions), critical events (e.g. releases of natural gas), related consequences (e.g. fires and explosions), and different possible pathways from a specific cause to its consequence, and to assess some negative accident scenarios related to use and parking of the vehicle. The bow-tie analysis also allowed to make explicit barriers and controls that prevent critical events and/or mitigate consequences. Therefore, we identified a set of safety measures, including design, technical, management, and emergency actions, which shall be implemented in each step of the system's life cycle.Our risk assessment showed that the risk level of the Dual Fuel (LNG-Diesel) system is similar to the risk level of a traditional diesel system. Future research will overcome current lack of data and, therefore, permit a quantitative rating of the risk of the Dual Fuel (LNG-Diesel) system.     

基于GPS与GSM的交通事故自动呼救系统的设计

结合GPS的定位功能和GSM的远程无线通讯功能,提出一种以提高交通安全、减少人员伤亡为目的的车辆交通事故自动呼救系统的构建方案,该系统会伴随安全气囊的启动而启动,也可手动启动。车载模块将安全气囊点火信号送入微处理器,通过串行接口驱动无线数据传输模块,经GSM网络将GPS的定位信息发送到监控中心,并可建立车载模块与监控中心之间的语音通讯,给出车载模块硬件电路实现、软件设计以及控制中心的设计方案,并对系统的关键技术进行了说明。     

危险化学品运输管理及事故应急系统探讨

通过全球定位系统(GPS)、地理信息系统(GIS)、专家系统(ES)、自动监测等技术的集成,充分发挥各自技术的优势,建立危险化学品运输及事故应急系统。该系统由基于GPS技术的“运输车辆管理”、基于自动监测技术的“事故自动报警”、基于扩散数学模型和GIS技术的“泄漏模拟分析”、基于专家系统的“事故应急救援”以及基于Web技术“信息发布及数据维护”等5个子系统组成,通过集成各子系统实现危险化学品运输管理的自动化、智能化,在事故发生的第一时间自动报警,避免因人为因素而贻误救援时间,同时通过现场信息数据分析做出最有效的救援安排。     

Influence of ATD versus PMHS reference sensor inputs on computational brain response in frontal impacts to advanced combat helmet (ACH)

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study analyzed the influence of reference sensor inputs from anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) versus postmortem human subjects (PMHSs) on simulations of frontal blunt impacts to the advanced combat helmet (ACH).

Methods: A rigid-arm pendulum was used to generate frontal impacts to ACHs mounted on ATDs and PMHS. An appropriately sized ACH was selected according to standard fitting guidelines. The National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) head was selected for ATD tests due to shape features that enabled a realistic helmet fit. A custom procedure was used to mount a reference sensor internally near the center of gravity (CG) of the PMHS. Reference sensor data from the head CG were used as inputs for the Simulated Injury Monitor (SIMon). Brain responses were assessed with the cumulative strain damage measure set at 10%, or CSDM(10).

Results: Compared to ATD tests, PMHS tests produced 18.7% higher peak linear accelerations and 5.2% higher peak angular velocities. Average times to peak for linear accelerations were relatively similar between ATDs (5.5?ms) and PMHSs (5.8?ms). However, times to peak for angular velocities were higher by a factor of up to 3.4 for PMHSs compared to ATDs. Values for were also higher by a factor of up to 13.1 when PMHS inputs were used for SIMon.

Conclusions: The preliminary findings of this work indicate that small differences in ATD versus PMHS head kinematics could lead to large differences in strain-derived brain injury metrics such as CSDM.     

射频识别车辆信息管理系统

利用射频识别技术(RFID),试验开发了“射频识别车辆信息管理系统”。射频识别系统由射频卡、读取采集和系统分析与管理部分组成。系统读卡器,根据装有射频卡车辆通过感应线圈的先后顺序,判断车辆出、入场状态。通过数据采集服务程序处理存储到数据库中,供管理人员查阅分析车辆当前状态,方便了车辆调度的管理,提高了车辆的安全运行效率。该系统实用性强,管理方法科学,稳定性好。     

Automation design in advanced control rooms of the modernized nuclear power plants

This study evaluated the effects of levels of automation (LOAs) decisions in advanced control rooms of the modernized nuclear power plants. Following advancements in design of digitalized human–system interfaces (HSIs), the roles of human operators have changed significantly. Negative performance and safety consequences may occur as a result of these changes. These problems are viewed as the out-of-the-loop (OOTL) performance problems. This study conducted an experiment to compare the effects of different LOAs under different operating procedures on operating performance. Experimental results indicated that blended decision-making (level 6 LOA) generates the lowest mental workload. Furthermore, the pattern of SA observed in this study is found better SA at intermediate LOA and poorer SA at low level of automation and full automation. Subjective rating results suggest that LOAs distribute the roles of option generation, and selection between human and/or computer servers which significantly impacts automated system performance. This study provides a direction for the HSI designers in nuclear power plants (NPPs). Additionally, based on results obtained by this study, the user interfaces of PCTRAN system and the alarm reset system should be improved to ensure safe operation of NPPs.     

Reliability analysis of subsea blowout preventers with condition-based maintenance using stochastic Petri nets

Blowout Preventer (BOP) has maintained its function as a safety barrier and the last line of defence against oil and gas spills since its development in the early 1900s. However, as drilling and exploration activities move further offshore, challenges pertaining to reliable operation of the subsea BOP systems continue to be a source of concern for stakeholders in the industry. In spite of recent advancements in reliability analysis of safety instrumented systems (SISs), the research on reliability assessment of BOP is still lacking in some regards. There are gaps in the literature with respect to the incorporation of preventive maintenance (PM) strategies as well as dynamic operating conditions into BOP reliability analysis. To address these gaps, this paper develops an advanced analysis method using stochastic Petri nets (SPN) to estimate the reliability of subsea BOP systems subject to condition-based maintenance (CBM) with different failure modes. The BOP system is divided into five subsystems which are connected in series with each other and categorised into degrading and binary units. The performance of the BOP system in terms of availability, reliability and mean-time-between failures (MTBF) is obtained and analysed. A sensitivity analysis is also performed to evaluate the effect of fault coverage factor and redundancy design on system performance. The results show that both the fault coverage factor and redundancy have significant impact on the BOP's reliability, availability and MTBF.     

基于JSP技术的机务段安全管理信息系统的设计

根据铁路提速带来的安全问题,笔者结合机务段安全管理,采用先进的JSP技术,设计了基于B/S(浏览器/服务器)模式的机务段安全管理信息系统。该系统运用计算机及网络技术,实现了安全管理信息资源的合理运转和共享,建立了一个安全信息管理、安全生产监督、事故预防的信息平台,为管理决策提供决策服务,同时辅助企业管理的科学化、现代化,提高了机务段经济效益和社会效益。介绍了课题的背景、系统结构与功能、JSP技术特点,然后具体说明了应用JSP技术实现系统的设计思路和方法,重点给出了系统的三级体系结构,数据库的设计与连接,系统的软件实现以及所达到的效果