废旧农膜的综合利用

探讨了在乡镇企业综合利用废旧农膜的技术和工艺,尤其是直接再生利用的几种方法,操作简便、工艺简单、投资少、见效快,非常适合废旧农膜就地就近回收利用.     

治理高浓度氮氧化物废气的CNS-30型特效脱硝剂

CNS-30型脱硝剂不需要外加气体还原剂,在较低温度(473K)、较高空速(6000时~(-1))条件下能将20000—40000ppm左右的红棕色氮氧化物(本文以NOx表示)废气转化成无色无臭的N_2和CO_2气体。该法无二次污染,设备简单、投资少,操作简便。脱硝剂可用工业废渣制备,加工简便、造价低。应用本项技术的厂家,已收到显著的环境和经济效益。     

副产液体SO2的烟气脱硫技术

介绍了资源化法烟气脱硫技术的工艺原理和工艺流程.相关试验表明,资源化法烟气脱硫技术具有脱硫效率高、设备投资省、运行费用低、可靠性高、操作简便、实现硫资源的回收利用等诸多优点.     

稀释法测定生化需氧量中稀释倍数的确定

介绍了一个确定测定BOD_5稀释倍数的简便方法。运用该法可极大地提高测定BOD_5的成功率,方法准确、快速、计算方便,并能节省稀释水用量。     

粉煤灰,聚合硫酸铁处理瓦楞纸生产废水的研究

本文介绍了以粉煤灰、聚合硫酸铁为水处理剂，处理瓦楞纸生产废水的试验研究。结果表明；该方法成本低，操作简便，处理效果好，废水可全部回用。     

无患子餐具洗涤剂的研制

制备了由表面活性剂和助剂组成的餐具洗涤剂，并通过试验法确定其最佳原料配比，对所配洗涤剂的去污能力进行了测定。结果表明，该产品制备简便、综合洗涤性能较好，具有较高的应用价值。     

石油化工行业常用低压泵噪声控制的研究与应用

文中通过分析石油化工行业中常用低压泵噪声的产生机理、噪声特性,进而说明治理低压泵噪声的措施与方法,并介绍一种切实可行、既经济又简便的消声装置。     

治污投资方向选择的灰靶决策法

依据灰色决策的基本原理，结合治污投资方向选择的决策实际，采用灰靶决策法对治污投资方向进行优化决策，结果表明，灰靶决策法原理直观、计算简便、精确度高，是治污投资方向选择优化决策的一种有效方法。     

应用工业固硫型煤技术控制燃煤工业锅炉SO2污染--中国燃煤工业锅炉SO2污染综合防治对策(四)

研究应用工业固硫型煤技术控制燃煤工业锅炉SO2的污染，研究表明，燃煤工业固硫型煤是控制燃煤工业锅炉SO2污染的最经济、简便、有效的方法。     

优序法用于环境质量的比较

应用优序法比较多个环境单元的环境质量优劣。通过实例计算，获得了与密切值法、模糊综合相似选择法和姚志麒指数法相一致的排序结果。实例分析表明，该方法概念明确、计算简便，实用性强。     

铝片包裹氯化银置换法回收银

将含银废液中的Ag+转化为Ag Cl,再用铝片包裹Ag Cl固体,在Na2CO3溶液中采用置换法回收银。考察了各反应条件对Ag Cl还原为银的转化率的影响。实验结果表明,适宜的反应条件为:Na2CO3溶液质量分数20%,反应温度40℃,反应时间20 h,不搅拌静置反应。在此适宜的反应条件下,Ag Cl还原为银的转化率为95.32%。     

从废感光胶片中回收银

研究了以Fe3 -乙二胺四乙酸二钠-N a2S2O3体系为浸取剂从废感光胶片中回收银的方法,考察了浸出银的最佳工艺条件。实验表明,当浸取剂中FeC l3.6H2O质量浓度为35g/L、N a2S2O3.5H2O质量浓度为150g/L、pH为7、固液质量比为3∶10时,浸取剂可重复使用6次,胶片上银的浸出率可达99%以上;浸取液中的银采用硼氢化钠还原回收,粗银粉配以熔剂高温熔炼可得到纯度达99.78%的银,银回收率达96.88%,回收银后的浸取液可循环使用。     

用硝酸银消除高浓度氯离子对COD测定的干扰及测定废液中银的回收

分析了氯离子的干扰机理，提出了用硝酸银代替硫酸汞消除氯离子干扰测定高氯离子水样COD的分析方法，同时对COD废液的处理及废液中银的回收利用进行了研究。实验结果表明，该法具有较好的准确性和重复性，其相对误差均在国家规定的允许范围内；COD废液中的银经分离后，用Zn—H2SO4体系还原回收，银回收率为94．8％，回收的银粉纯度为99．6％，且可实现COD废液中银的循环使用。     

废硅电池片表面银的回收

采用氨-肼联合还原法回收废硅电池片上的银，优化了回收的工艺条件。实验得到的最佳回收工艺条件为：室温下采用硝酸2次浸取废硅电池片上的银，其中硝酸质量分数30%，硝酸浸取时间6 min；氯化银粉体用氨水和水合肼还原，n（Ag）∶n（N₂H₄）=0.5，水合肼还原反应温度50 ℃。回收的银粉纯度很高，结晶性较好，无需提纯。     

从胶片生产废料中回收银

介绍了从涂布废水,废胶片、废乳剂中回收银的工艺流程,叙述了工业试验出现的问题和采取的措施。工业试验结果表明,对从上述３种废料中得到的湿银泥,采用培烧－置换－铸锭工艺回收银,回收率大于９９％,产品银锭的纯度大于９９．９％。     

硫脲法浸出回收炼锌废渣中的银

对用硫脲法从炼锌废渣中浸出回收银的工艺及其影响因素进行了研究;确定了最佳浸出工艺条件为：硫脲质量浓度１０ｇ／Ｌ,「Ｆｅ＾３＋」０．０１２５ｍｇ／Ｌ,液固比１０：１,浸出液ＰＨ１．５－２．０,浸出温度４０－６０℃;     

白银深加工产品及其产业化过程

贵金属深加工可以分为广义深加工和狭义深加工.白银是最廉价和用量最大的贵金属,通过一系列的深加工制成一定的产品后在工业上有极为广泛的用途,这些使用领域也正是白银再生资源的分布所在.对白银深加工产品的用途及其产业化过程进行了探讨,提出了一套适合中小企业生产的产业化方案.     

Formulation and Evaluation of Matrix Type Transdermal Patch Containing Silver Nanoparticles

This research aimed to prepare the silver nanoparticles (AgNPs)-loaded antimicrobial wound dressing patch using ethyl cellulose as a matrix membrane and diethyl phthalate as a plasticizer. The polymer suspension was homogeneously mixed with plasticizer, and then added to the colloidal AgNPs suspension. This mixture was poured into Petri dish and subsequently dried in a hot air oven at 80?±?2 °C for 10 h. The minimum inhibition concentration of the colloidal AgNPs suspension was 2.5 µg/ml. The AgNPs-loaded antimicrobial wound dressing patch was evaluated for physical properties by differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, and in vitro study. The antimicrobial wound dressing patch did not exhibit any interaction between the matrix membrane and AgNPs. The AgNPs were evenly dispersed in the patch. The patch could control the release of silver at 102.98?±?4.11% over 12 h. Although the AgNPs-loaded antimicrobial wound dressing patches can be easily prepared by the simple method, in future studies antimicrobial wound dressing patch will be developed by employing different types of film forming agents.     

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and Study of Their Antimicrobial Properties

One of the major disadvantages of polymers when used in food-contact applications is that they are very susceptible to microbial attack. On the other hand, silver nanoparticles have received increased attention as novel antimicrobial agents. Therefore, the introduction of silver nanoparticles into conventional polymers results in new materials with improved properties. In this investigation, colloidal silver nanoparticles using an environmentally friendly procedure were synthesized. An aqueous solution of AgNO₃ was used as a silver precursor with ‘green’ reducing agents either different types of honey, or β-d-glucose. In the first case, different pH values, as well as the addition of poly(ethylene glycol), PEG were studied, while in the latter, the effect of reduction time in the presence of PEG with various average molecular weights was examined. Properties of the nanoparticles were measured using X-Ray diffraction, UV–Vis and FTIR spectroscopy. Using honey it seems that spherical particles are produced with the smaller average particle size obtained at pH 8.5. Use of honey has the advantage of being a natural product, although its main drawback is that its composition varies and it cannot be predefined to result in reproducible results. Use of β-d-glucose results in stable silver nanoparticles with small average particle size after 24 h reduction. The addition of low molecular weight PEG seems to be beneficial in the production of stable nanoparticles. Finally, the antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles produced was investigated at different concentrations on both Gram positive and negative bacteria, such as Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.     

化学还原法回收含银电镀废液中的银

以Na2S2O4为还原剂,采用化学还原法回收某电镀厂含银电镀废液中的银。实验结果表明,在n(Na2S2O4)∶n(Ag+)=2.5、反应温度35℃、废水pH7.5、搅拌速率300r/min的条件下,Ag+回收率达到99.92%。对回收的银粉进行X射线衍射和扫描电子显微镜分析,分析结果表明回收的银粉纯度较高,成球形。