火电建设项目环境影响评价应关注的问题

结合工作实践，总结了火电建设项目环境影响评价中应关注的问题。还介绍了火电行业规划、环保规划、污染物总量控制要求、宜采取的污染防治措施等。     

亚行电力项目的环境影响评价分析

本文通过亚行贷款的河南综合综合电力项目环境影响评价的工作过程，指出火电建设项目的环境影响评价应贯穿于项目建设的各个方面及各个阶段，即项目筹备、厂址选择、工程设备、施工期，运行期等各个方面的周围物理资源、生态资源、人类使用价值、生活质量等环境问题的影响。     

输变电建设项目环境影响评价的认识与实践

结合输变电环境影响评价工作实践，从输变电环评的法律、法规出发，阐述了输变电环评工作的重点内容，在此基础上论述了输变电建设项目环评中应执行的法律、法规、产业政策与清洁生产、规划相符性、环境功能区划、公众参与等“6＋2”原则，并结合实践进行了分析，提出了输变电建设项目环境影响评价中应注意的环境保护目标、公众参与等主要问题。     

电厂对珍禽保护区的环境影响评价实例探讨

以位于自然保护区边缘的火电厂建设项目环境影响评价为实例，阐述了火电厂生态环境评价中对自然保护区珍稀鸟类的保护方法，以供类似项目的生态环境影响评价借鉴。     

《建设项目环境影响评价机构资质管理办法》颁布

为进一步推进环评制度改革、加强环评机构管理，国家环保总局即将颁布新的《建设项目环境影响评价机构资质管理办法》。这是继清理帮顿环评机构、实行环评工程师资格全国考试等措施后，国家环保总局将环评职业资格和机构资质结合起来进行的又一次重大制度改革。新办法颁布实施后，原来的《建设项目环境影响评价资格证书管理办法》市即废止。新办法的内容已由过去的5章21条增为现在的7章41条，充分体现了《环境影响评价法》和《行政许可法》中的主要精神。     

电网建设项目环保管理信息系统的开发与应用

针对目前电网建设项目环境保护工作管理现状，利用可视化面向对象开发技术和图形化组态的概念构建出一个图形导航、树状导航相结合的环境保护工作管理信息系统软件。系统分为电网建设项目环境保护工作基础数据管理——项目管理、电网建设项目环境保护工作管理文件查询——项目环保文件查询和国家环境保护法律和法规等文件查询、常用文件管理四部分。应用结果证明，该系统基本满足了当前电网建设项目环境保护工作管理及信息化的要求，为电网建设项目环境保护工作管理提供了更加准确、便利的工具。     

化工建设项目环境影响评价中几个问题的探讨

从炼油厂煤制氢装置碳资源的利用、炼化装置所产生废物的焚烧处理、炼油装置加氢工艺技术的综合能耗、清洁生产标准的运用、废水处理及废水回用技术等方面对化工建设项目的环境影响评价中存在的问题进行了探讨,以促进我国化工建设项目环境影响评价工作的规范化和法制化.     

北京化工研究院环境保护研究所环境影响评价技术服务简介

北京化工研究院环境保护研究所经国家环保局批准授予建设项目环境影响评价最高级别的资格证书——国环评证字第0302号综合评价证书,具有在全国各地承担特大型与大中型化工建设项目环境影响评价的资格。本院环保研究所技术力量雄厚,有高级工程师20余人、工程师70余人,并拥有先进的环境评价与环境监测仪器装备,历年来已完成的环境影响评价项目主要有: 1.新疆30万吨大化肥工程大气环境影响评价; 2.山东30万吨乙烯工程环境影响评价; 3.江苏30万吨乙烯工程环境影响评价;     

农药生产建设项目环境影响评价的探讨

分析了农药生产建设项目环境影响评价中存在的诸多问题。结合实际工作经验,就农药生产建设项目中的产业政策评价、环境影响的识别、环境风险评价、清洁生产评价和环保治理措施的确定进行了探讨。     

区域开发战略环境影响评价总体思路与技术要点

以内蒙古"十一五"规划战略环境影响评价为例,分析了战略环境影响评价与建设项目环境影响评价的差异,提出了战略环境影响评价是从"决策-源头-过程-末端"的全过程评价;其技术要点是突出区域环境和经济社会协调发展为核心的总体思路,重点把握战略环境影响评价6大特性即整体性、区域性、特色性、科学性、前瞻性和可操作性;其技术方法主要包括战略决策失灵分析法、战略决策灰色分析法、环境影响矩阵识别法、产业关联和物流分析等定性方法,以及GIS技术平台的图层叠置法、承载压力度分析、情景分析和模拟分析等定量方法.     

美国高产量化学品数据库在筛选优先化学品中的应用

介绍了美国高产量(HPV)化学品数据库的内容、格式和发展情况，以及采用HPV化学品数据筛选优先化学品的程序。HPV化学品数据库主要包括化学品数据、化学品毒性特征描述、优先风险评估以及数据资助方、提交方及测试方的相关信息，支持物质名称或化学文摘社登记号搜索。采用HPV化学品数据可通过自动分类、毒性特征描述和风险优先等级评价三级筛选程序筛选优先化学品。     

电除尘器检修管理信息系统的开发

介绍了电除尘器的应用情况及运行维护中主要检修内容。将需要除尘的电厂作为使用对象开发一个电除尘器检修管理信息系统,主要任务有前端应用程序的开发和数据库的设计与数据的准确录入,选用Visual Basic 6.0和Microsoft Access 2003相结合开发一个可视化的管理系统。该系统能为使用电除尘器的电厂提供基本的检修管理服务,从而保证电除尘器的安全、稳定运行。     

An ecologically oriented database to guide remediation and reuse of contaminated sites

This article presents a database developed to determine the potential reuse of contaminated sites for primarily ecologically and culturally based activities. The database consists of 172 quantitative and qualitative measures of on‐site land suitability, ecological, cultural, and recreational value, and off‐site suitability, economic, and demographic information. Using sites owned by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) as a case study, the article evaluates the quality of available data and suggests ways of using it for planning ecologically sensitive remediation activities and future land use. This type of database can be developed and used by anyone who needs to select, review, or evaluate site remediation and future land use options. Also discussed are the challenges associated with compiling and using data that has been generated by many sources over several years. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Evaluation of regional bioenergy recovery by local methane fermentation thermal recycling systems

This paper evaluates the potential for regional bioenergy recovery as electricity and heat by small-scale methane fermentation systems from organic waste matter generated from urban, industrial, and agricultural sectors. Biogas production functions of high-strength organic wastes are derived from data of implemented methane fermentation systems. The distributions of organic wastes from sewage, household, wholesale/retail, manufacturing, farming, and livestock activities in the Tokyo Bay region are calibrated into a disaggregated spatial database by compiling general activity statistics and emission intensity parameters using Geographic Information System (GIS). Three scenarios of organic matter circulation by co-digestion in sewage treatment plants (STPs) are designed and assessed. Surplus electricity and heat from methane fermentation systems are used for STP operations and household demand. The spatial database allows a preliminary examination for the suitability of locations for technology implementation from the aspects of bioenergy supply and balance. The results show that an additional 368,000-1,328,000MW of electricity would be generated, and 1300-3600TJ of heat could be used by households, reducing the annual emissions of CO(2) from fossil fuels by 307,000-798,000t.     

Development of a database of landfills and dump sites in Asian countries

This article briefly summarizes the limited landfill/dump information available for developing Asian countries, and introduces a database that aims to close the information gap through collecting and sharing data. Developing nations usually try to adapt the systems and technologies of developed countries. However, this approach may not be appropriate because of differences in socioeconomic, cultural, and political backgrounds. Many waste management projects fail after operations are transferred to local authorities owing to a lack of funds to cover the high operational expenses. Some successful projects have been adapted to local conditions, although the information on these successes is not often available for others. Nevertheless, only a few developing countries even have a national inventory of their dumps/landfills, and decision-makers have little awareness of the dumps and their impacts. The database introduced here will gather landfill/dump information from each country and organize it in a comparable format, and it will then be published on the Internet.     

Simple Suggestions for Including Vertical Physics in Oil Spill Models

Current models of oil spills include no vertical physics. They neglect the effect of vertical water motions on the transport and concentration of floating oil. Some simple ways to introduce vertical physics are suggested here. The major suggestion is to routinely measure the density stratification of the upper ocean during oil spills in order to develop a database on the effect of stratification.     

Air Quality Management in Izmir Region of Turkey as Required by Clean Air Plans

Future (24 h later) daily ground level SO₂ concentration in Istanbul was modeled and predicted using a new and powerful technique, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) in the case of meteorological parameters as input variables. Results show that the trend of SO₂ from higher values in winter to lower values in spring and summer, and again to higher values towards winter can be correctly represented by the neural networks. The model better predicted the lower SO₂ values in spring and summer seasons when compared to higher values in winter season because of the pattern distribution in training data sets. Beside the amount of the database, the more the variation of the values of the parameters in their own ranges, the more the network learns the database. As a result of this study, considerably successful results were obtained when considering the complex and nonlineer structure of the atmosphere, which is the source of the database.     

美国化学物质数据报告制度的经验和启示

回顾了美国《有毒物质控制法》(TSCA)中现有化学物质数据报告(CDR)制度的历史背景。介绍了CDR制度的基本内容、数据质量保证、主要修订情况,以及2012年CDR上报的化学物质数据信息汇总分析情况。针对2016年开展的新一轮CDR数据报告,总结了其最新的变化和具体要求。从建立化学物质信息收集制度、对现有化学物质进行分级管理、重点关注化学物质用途划分和归类,以及建立数据库和信息系统等4个方面,探讨了CDR制度对我国化学品环境管理的启示。     

Web-Based Information System for Pollution Monitoring of Lake Ohrid

In this paper, we present a Web-based information system for pollution monitoring and analysis of Lake Ohrid. Our work is related to the ecological state of Lake Ohrid, which represents a rare natural ecosystem inhabited by many endemic and relict species. Aim of the study is to present the possibilities offered by the Web application, such as fast information access, support of distributed collaboration by information sharing instead of exchange, acquisition and analysis of pollutant data, database processing based on lake models, as well as GIS analysis. In this way, the data and the analysis are performed in one place and they are available to any user having only a Web browser.     

Natural attenuation of chlorinated solvent plumes at Texas dry cleaners

Dry cleaners are the largest users of perchloroethene (PCE) solvents in the United States. Releases from dry cleaners to soil and groundwater, however, remain largely unstudied. This article presents a database of 137 chlorinated solvent plumes at dry cleaners in Texas. The data indicate that PCE plumes are generally shorter in extent than those from industrial sites. Degradation products were observed at more than 80 percent of the sites with groundwater contamination. Calculated attenuation rates are on the order of one‐to‐three‐year half‐lives for PCE and its degradation products. The estimated cleanup timeframe for calculated attenuation rates is < 50 years. More research is needed to understand the presence of organic carbon sources at dry cleaners and its implications for natural attenuation. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.