废弃电器电子产品绿色回收工艺及集中处理案例研究

从废弃电器电子产品资源化的潜在价值、产业政策、环保政策等方面，分析了废弃电器电子产品回收及资源化基地建设的必要性。重点论述了大宗废弃电器电子产品的资源化方法及工艺，同时说明了这些技术及工艺应用的优缺点、产污环节及其控制方式。以佛山市废弃电器电子产品绿色回收拆解及资源循环利用示范基地为例，分析了废旧家电集中处理的可行性和优越性，同时介绍了该基地的建设情况、经济效益和环境效益。该基地的实施为其他城市同类废物回收提供了一个借鉴模板。     

海南4年内将形成回收拆解体系

由海南省环科院承担的《海南省废弃电器电子产品处理发展规划(2011—2015)》(以下简称《规划》)通过专家评审。《规划》提出,到2015年海南省要基本形成覆盖全省的多元化废弃电器电子产品回收体系和规范化拆解处理体系,全面提高废弃电器电子产品无害化处置和资源化利用水平。据介绍,该《规划》围绕促进海南省废弃电器电子产品处理行业健康发展的主题,全面分析了全省废弃电器电子产品回收处理现状及存在的主要问题;以主要家电社会保有量为基础,预测"十二五"期间废     

我国废弃电子线路板资源化再生利用技术现状与展望

随着电子行业的迅猛发展，废弃电子线路板的处理和利用成为各方关注的热点。废弃电子线路板处理不好将成为一大环境污染问题，而利用好了又可变废为宝，产生巨大的价值。阐述我国进行废弃电子线路板资源化再生利用的重要性和紧迫性，介绍废弃电子线路板处理利用技术的研究现状，并时其研究重点和发展趋势做出展望。     

餐厨废弃油脂处理管理和资源化利用探讨

“地沟油”的不当处理不仅影响城市水环境,而且威胁着人们的身体健康。餐厨废弃油脂的管理已经成为广受关注的食品安全的重大问题。介绍了餐厨废弃油脂处理管理的重要意义,并对上海的管理实践和经验进行了分析总结,提出了对餐厨废弃油脂回收处理管理和资源化利用的若干建议。     

我国废弃电器电子产品回收模式和处理处置技术

我国废弃电器电子产品的回收模式历经个体经营者收集模式、"以旧换新+政策补贴"回收模式、依托互联网技术的新型回收模式等3个阶段。回收集中后的废弃电器电子产品必须经过运输仓储、拆解分类、资源化利用、再生材料生产等环节或工序才能够实现资源化利用和增值。资源化利用环节是处理处置的关键和核心环节,主要工艺和技术有破碎分选等机械物理法工艺、火法冶金工艺、湿法冶金工艺和其他先进工艺。对我国废弃电器电子产品回收模式的变迁、多级破碎-多级分选工艺、火法冶金技术、湿法冶金技术和湿法破碎-水利摇床分离技术进行综合评述。     

专利资讯

专利名称：废旧印刷电路板中非金属材料的再利用方法,专利名称：电路板及电镀污泥资源化回收工艺,专利名称：利用废弃印刷电路板中非金属材料制备酚醛模塑料的方法,专利名称：一种汽车与电子废弃电路板的脱焊设备,专利名称：从镀金印刷电路板废料中回收金和铜的方法.     

日本废弃小型电子产品循环要利用状况

日本政府自2013年4月1日开始实施《废弃小型电子产品循环再利用促进法》.基于此法的第三条第一款,日本环境省和经济产业省于2013年3月6日正式出台了基本方针,制定了再资源化目标,即至2015年止,每年回收14万t(相当于每人1 kg)废旧手机等小型电子产品,回收率达到20％左右,并介绍了其主要内容及目前的实施状况.     

废弃电器电子产品处理基金补贴中数量审核方法的探讨

简要介绍了废弃电器电子产品概况、相关法律法规以及基金补贴过程中审核产品数量的现实做法，指出了现有审核机制中存在的一些问题，并根据废弃电器电子产品资源化过程中对主要污染产物的重点监控，提出一种多级比对的处理数量审核方法。     

《河北省废弃电器电子产品处理发展规划(2011—2015)》向社会征求意见

近日,《河北省废弃电器电子产品处理发展规划(2011—2015)(征求意见稿)》以下简称《规划》公布,公开向社会征求意见。《规划》意见稿提出,到2015年,全省拆解企业拟增至13家,废弃电器电子产品拆解处理企业年处理总能力应达到13万t。从《规划》意见稿中得知,配合《河北省环境保护"十二五"规划》,河北省5年内将建立一个完善的废弃电器电子产品回收和处理监管体系。到2015年,要建成覆盖全省的废弃电器电子产品回收     

废弃混凝土再生利用的产业化研究

作为大规模城市化的产物,废弃混凝土引发了一系列的资源和环境问题.废弃混凝土的再生利用技术已经日趋成熟,而市场化推广却遇到成本、制度等方面的一系列难题.引入循环经济的理念,对废弃混凝土与再生混凝土进行成本比较、对产业化的困难和条件进行了剖析,并从技术、产业、经济等各方面提出了政策建议,也可为其它资源再生产业的发展提供一定的借鉴.     

我国废旧电子电器产品拆解技术、设备应用现状及改进建议

从我国废旧电子电器回收行业基本情况、专业技术人才情况、相关企业拆解技术设备情况等方面，阐述了我国废旧电子电器产品拆解技术、设备应用现状，并提出相关改进提升建议。     

Waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) management in Korea: generation, collection, and recycling systems

In Korea, generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE), or electronic waste (e-waste), has rapidly increased in recent years. The management of WEEE has become a major issue of concern for solid waste communities due to the volumes of waste being generated and the potential environmental impacts associated with the toxic chemicals found in most electronic devices. Special attention must be paid when dealing with WEEE because of toxic materials that it contains (e.g., heavy metals, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, phthalates, and polyvinyl chloride). If managed improperly, the disposal of WEEE can adversely affect the environment and human health. Environmental regulatory agencies; electronic equipment manufacturers, retailers, and recyclers; environmental nongovernmental organizations; and many others are much interested in updated statistics with regard to how much WEEE is generated, stored, recycled, and disposed of. In Korea, an extended producer responsibility policy was introduced in 2003 not only to reduce the amount of electronic products requiring disposal, but also to promote resource recovery from WEEE; the policy currently applies to a total of ten electrical and electronic product categories. This article presents an overview of the current recycling practices and management of electrical and electronic waste in Korea. Specifically, the generation rates, recycling systems and processes, and recent regulations of WEEE are discussed. We estimated that 1 263 000 refrigerators, 701 000 washing machines, 1 181 000 televisions, and 109 000 airconditioning units were retired and handled by the WEEE management system in 2006. More than 40% of the products were collected and recycled by producers. Four major producers’ recycling centers and other WEEE recycling facilities are currently in operation, and these process a large faction of WEEE for the recovery of valuable materials. Much attention should still be paid to pollution prevention and resource conservation with respect to WEEE. Several suggestions are made in order to deal with electronic waste management problems effectively and to prevent potential impacts.     

Recycling-oriented characterization of small waste electrical and electronic equipment

As a result of the continuous change in the design and function of consumer electrical and electronic products, the mechanical and material properties of the obsolete products, called waste electric and electronic equipment (WEEE), are highly variable. The variability within WEEE is explained by the number of different appliances, and the heterogeneity in composition of any given appliance.This paper reports on an extended investigation of the properties of WEEE, in particular small appliances. The investigation focuses on the analysis of the composition of about 700 single appliances. Firstly, analytical methods to characterize the waste equipment are described. The results of the experimental analyses show that the mechanical properties, the material composition, the polymer composition and the chemical composition of WEEE vary not only between equipment types with different functions, but also between single appliances within one equipment type. Data on hazardous and valuable substances in selected equipment types are presented.Using detailed data on the composition of individual appliances to calculate rates of recovery for assumed recycling processes demonstrates that the performance of recycling processes depends strongly on the composition of WEEE. Recycling-oriented characterization is, therefore, a systematic approach to support the design and the operation of recycling processes.     

Composition of plastics from waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) by direct sampling

This paper describes a direct analysis study carried out in a recycling unit for waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) in Portugal to characterize the plastic constituents of WEEE. Approximately 3400 items, including cooling appliances, small WEEE, printers, copying equipment, central processing units, cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors and CRT televisions were characterized, with the analysis finding around 6000 kg of plastics with several polymer types. The most common polymers are polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polycarbonate blends, high-impact polystyrene and polypropylene. Additives to darken color are common contaminants in these plastics when used in CRT televisions and small WEEE. These additives can make plastic identification difficult, along with missing polymer identification and flame retardant identification marks. These drawbacks contribute to the inefficiency of manual dismantling of WEEE, which is the typical recycling process in Portugal. The information found here can be used to set a baseline for the plastics recycling industry and provide information for ecodesign in electrical and electronic equipment production.     

Sustainable Waste Management of Engineering Plastics Generated from E-Waste: A Critical Evaluation of Mechanical,Thermal and Morphological Properties

Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The major roadblock for recycling of waste electrical and electronic equipments (WEEE) depends on the viability of sorting process, which is a complex...     

The development of WEEE management and effects of the fund policy for subsidizing WEEE treating in China

The consumption of electrical and electronic equipment is surging, so is the generation of waste electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE). Due to the large quantity, high potential risk and valuable capacity of WEEE, many countries are taking measures to regulate the management of WEEE. The environmental pollution and human health-harming problems caused by irregular treatment of WEEE in China make the government pay more and more attention to its management. This paper reviews the development of WEEE management in China, introduces the new policy which is established for WEEE recycling and especially analyzes the effectiveness of the policy, including huge recovery, formation of new recycling system, strict supervision to related enterprises, and the stimulation to public awareness. Based on the current achievement, some recommendations are given to optimize the WEEE management in China.     

A material flow analysis on current electrical and electronic waste disposal from Hong Kong households

A material flow study on five types of household electrical and electronic equipment, namely television, washing machine, air conditioner, refrigerator and personal computer (TWARC) was conducted to assist the Government of Hong Kong to establish an e-waste take-back system. This study is the first systematic attempt on identifying key TWARC waste disposal outlets and trade practices of key parties involved in Hong Kong. Results from two questionnaire surveys, on local households and private e-waste traders, were used to establish the material flow of household TWARC waste. The study revealed that the majority of obsolete TWARC were sold by households to private e-waste collectors and that the current e-waste collection network is efficient and popular with local households. However, about 65,000 tonnes/yr or 80% of household generated TWARC waste are being exported overseas by private e-waste traders, with some believed to be imported into developing countries where crude recycling methods are practiced. Should Hong Kong establish a formal recycling network with tight regulatory control on imports and exports, the potential risks of current e-waste recycling practices on e-waste recycling workers, local residents and the environment can be greatly reduced.     

Difficulties in applying extended producer responsibility policies in developing countries: case studies in e-waste recycling in China and Thailand

Developing Asian countries have started to apply the principle of extended producer responsibility (EPR) to electronics and electrical equipment waste (e-waste). This policy approach aims to give electronic appliance manufacturers and importers responsibility for the collection and recycling of discarded electronic equipment. China and Thailand have drafted regulations on the recycling of e-waste with common characteristics such as the financial responsibility of producers and subsidies for collection. Although the proposed system is sensible, taking into account the fact that e-waste is a market-traded commodity, there are two major difficulties in implementing EPR in developing countries. First, it may be difficult for governments to collect funds from producers or importers if smuggled, imitation, or small shop-assembled products have a large share in the market. Second, the system creates incentives for collectors and recyclers to over-report the amount of collected e-waste in order to gain extra subsidies from the fund. Other policy measures such as the enforcement of pollution control regulations on informal recyclers, the prevention of smuggling, and the protection of intellectual property rights should accompany EPR policies.     

Metals, non-metals and PCB in electrical and electronic waste--actual levels in Switzerland

The chemical composition of waste of small electrical and electronic equipment (s-WEEE), a rapidly growing waste stream, was determined for selected metals (Cu, Sb, Hg etc.) and non-metals (Cl, Br, P) and PCBs. During a 3-day experiment, all output products and the s-WEEE input mass flows in a WEEE recycling plant were measured. Only output products were sampled and analyzed. Material balances were established, applying substance flow analysis (SFA). Transfer coefficients for the selected substances were also determined. The results demonstrate the capability of SFA to determine the composition of the highly heterogeneous WEEE for most substances with rather low uncertainty (2 sigma +/- 30%). The results confirm the growing importance of s-WEEE regarding secondary resource metals and potential toxic substances. Nowadays, the thirty times smaller s-WEEE turns over larger flows for many substances, compared to municipal solid waste. Transfer coefficient results serve to evaluate the separation efficiency of the recycling process and confirm--with the exception of PCB and Hg--the limitation of hand-sorting and mechanical processing to separate pollutants (Cd, Pb, etc.) out of reusable fractions. Regularly applied SFA would serve to assess the efficacy of legislative, organizational and technical measures on the WEEE.