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建立数学模型对催化转化器起燃温度特性曲线进行模拟,模拟结果与实验测量结果吻合较好。用数学模型考察和分析了气流状态和催化剂参数和载体参数等因素对催化器非稳态转化性能的影响。 相似文献
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土壤环境下污染物运移问题的数值模拟研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在土壤环境中,物质传输机制显著影响着污染物的运移,分析污染物运移问题的数值解,可以掌握污染物在土壤中传输的时空规律,具有重要的理论意义和实际意义。以对流扩散传输理论为依据,建立了土壤环境下污染物运移的数学模型,然后基于COMSOL对几种特定初始及边界条件下的对流扩散问题进行数值模拟,计算了稳定连续、指数变化和瞬时释放3种典型污染源排放模型,并对比了模型中的扩散、对流、吸附降解等参数对计算结果的影响,最后对污染物浓度分布的计算结果进行了相关分析和讨论。 相似文献
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在大量试验研究获得数据基础上,结合机理分析,考虑ACF同时脱除多种污染物的主要影响因素,运用气固催化反应动力学方法进行分析,采用"混合模型法"建立ACF反应器数学模型,并用MATLAB软件与实验数据相结合迭代求取了模型参数,求出了宏观反应速率方程,并将计算模拟值与实验值进行比对,发现模拟结果与实验结果基本吻合,证实了模型的可靠性.为ACF反应器从试验研究的成果放大到工业规模的应用奠定了基础. 相似文献
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根据国际水质协会推出的ASM3利用MATLAB建立模型,通过实验确定进水水质及模型初值,通过模拟结果与污水处理厂实测结果对比,确定重要模型参数范围,并用结果对其他污水处理厂进行模拟,模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好. 相似文献
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本文介绍了摩托车排气净化催化转化器的研究情况 ,包括催化剂的研制及转化器的结构设计 ,经过实验室模拟尾气活性评价、转鼓台架检测、实车试验 ,证明所研制的催化转化器具有较好的催化活性和实用性。同时讨论了催化转化器与二冲程、四冲程摩托车匹配的问题。 相似文献
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车用三效催化转化器发展概况 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
从载体及三效催化剂角度论述了车用三效催化转化器的发展;指出了影响车用三效催化转化器性能的因素,这些因素的作用是协同的;为提高催化转化器的性能,必须采用系统的方法对其进行优化设计。 相似文献
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《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》1999,33(2):205-215
Time-Resolved Chemical Ionization Mass Spectrometry (CIMS) has been used to investigate the emission profiles of benzene, toluene and the C2-benzenes (xylenes and ethyl benzene) in automotive exhaust during transient engine operation. On-line emission measurements with a frequency of 1–5 Hz clearly identified the critical driving conditions that are mainly responsible for the overall aromatic hydrocarbon emissions. The passenger car, equipped with a catalytic converter showed significant BTXE-emissions only in the first part of the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) due to sub-optimal catalyst temperature. On the same car without a catalytic converter, emissions of aromatic hydrocarbons were detected over the entire test run and the benzene–toluene mixing ratios of the exhaust gas were rather constant. With catalytic exhaust gas treatment the observed benzene–toluene mixing ratios varied to a greater extent reflecting predominantly different catalytic converter conditions. The average molar ratio of benzene over toluene rose from 0.33 to 0.53 upon exhaust gas treatment. With catalytic converter the emissions during extra urban (EUDC) driving repeatedly showed benzene–toluene mixing ratios >1 and an average molar benzene/toluene ratio of 0.74 was detected during the EUDC part of the driving cycle. Whereas the total hydrocarbon (T.HC) emissions were decreased by 83% upon exhaust gas treatment the overall reduction of the benzene emissions was only 70%. 相似文献
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Díaz L Schifter I Rodriguez R Avalos S López G López-Salinas E 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2001,51(5):725-732
A 1999 ordinance by the Government of Mexico City bans 1993 model-year vehicles from on-road operation if their catalytic converters are not replaced with new ones. To validate the benefits of this action, we examined three issues related to exhaust emissions of vehicles equipped with catalytic converters. After selecting representative fleets of in-use vehicles, a comparison between emissions and catalyst efficiency in cars with two categories of exhaust emission limits was carried out. For that purpose, two fleets were selected, each made up of 10 vehicles run under similar conditions. A third, larger fleet with emissions control systems was used to evaluate and simulate real-world conditions of vehicles in a controlled laboratory. Finally, the aging effect on the catalytic converter was studied on vehicles run for 100,000 km, replacing their old emission control devices for new ones. The 1991-1992 model-year vehicles showed a high percentage of compliance with the corresponding emissions standard (90%) in comparison with 1993 model-year and later vehicles (Tier 0). However, NOx emissions were higher for the newer vehicles. Fifty percent of the 1991-1992 model-year vehicles evaluated under the official inspection/maintenance (I/M) procedure did not meet the regulated emissions standard when the results were compared with those of the U.S. Federal Test Procedure FTP-75. Our results suggest that the replacement of old catalytic converters with new ones will have little effect on decreasing polluting emissions because these vehicles were in very bad mechanical condition. Results of catalytic activity as a function of mileage indicated inefficient catalyst performance for the fleets tested. All pollutant conversions were below 90% efficiency, and they deteriorated by an average of 30% after the vehicles were run for 100,000 km. 相似文献
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变频控制DO下SBR硝化反应控制参数及节能的中试研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
根据微生物好氧反应的需氧量调节曝气量在当今能源紧缺的形势下具有十分重要的意义.为了研究曝气量大小对SBR实时控制参数pH、DO的影响,采用变频器调节曝气量以控制系统不同的DO浓度,以60 m3中试SBR反应器处理北京市北小河污水处理厂城市污水,考察了硝化过程中pH值、DO与有机物去除及硝化过程的相关性,并引入了新的控制参数--变频频率f.试验结果表明,控制溶解氧浓度较低时,pH值不能作为硝化结束的控制参数,但可根据变频频率f的特征点判断硝化反应的结束;控制溶解氧为3.0 mg/L和4.0 mg/L时,DO、pH值、变频频率f都可作为硝化结束的控制参数,同时,变频控制可有效降低单位时间内风机的能耗. 相似文献