利用纯碱厂三碱性废液进行烟气脱硫（FGD）工艺试验研究

纯碱厂在生产纯碱过程中要排放出大量碱性废液,如果利用其作为净化锅炉烟气的脱硫剂,不仅减低了脱硫剂费用,而且消除了SO2污染。本文在简单分析旋流板塔式除尘脱硫装置的结构和工作原理的基础上,探讨了利用碱性废液进行烟气除尘脱硫的太要影响因素,并找出了最佳操作条件。试验结果表明：利用纯碱厂排放的碱性废液－一次盐泥进行锅炉烟气脱硫可以取得较高的净化效率,同时解决了因为碱性废液排放而给周围水域带来的污染。旋流板塔式除尘脱硫装置结构简单,脱硫效率高,并且运行安全稳定,是一项值得推广的技术。     

湿式旋流脱硫除尘一体化装置在燃煤锅炉烟气净化上的应用

某中药厂4 t/h燃煤锅炉烟气采用湿式旋流脱硫除尘一体化装置取得了良好的效果,经实际运行测定除尘率达95%,脱硫率达77%,排出的烟气均能达到排放标准.该净化装置具有旋风水膜除尘器和湿式旋流板洗涤器的双重功能,通过介绍该一体化装置的机理、设计参数和技术经济分析,为燃煤锅炉烟气的脱硫除尘提供参考.     

燃煤锅炉烟气除尘系统改造

烷基苯厂锅炉烟气除尘系统改造选用文丘里麻石水膜除尘器,除尘脱硫废水与碱性冲渣水中和、过滤后再循环泵提升至冲渣系统,实现燃煤锅炉除尘脱硫废水循环利用。改造后的除尘系统运行情况良好,锅炉的烟尘排放浓度及烟气黑度均达到了国家现行三类区排放标准,二氧化硫排放浓度低于国家允许排放标准。     

半干法烟气脱硫除尘多级功能处理装置技术与应用

文中介绍了一种炉窑烟气调质、烟气除尘、烟气脱硫在一个单体结构中的一体化装置和在烟气除尘脱硫技术上的应用,并对该脱硫除尘装置与传统的半干法烟气脱硫除尘装置进行了比较。     

碱性皂化废水和锅炉烟道气的联合处理在环境工程中的应用

工艺中将碱性皂化废水经预处理后用泵输入锅炉湿式除尘系统进行燃煤烟气脱硫除尘，流出废水经处理后循环回用。该治理工艺采用以废治废，综合利用的方法治理皂化废水和锅炉烟气，既消除了污染又充分利用了碱性废水和锅炉烟道气作为有用的资源，取得了较好的环境效益和经济效益。     

2×25 MW机组旋流板塔双碱法烟气脱硫除尘

2× 2 5MW发电机组烟气处理工程采用旋流板塔及双碱法工艺 ,取得了脱硫除尘一体化的效果 ,经济技术指标总体上优于国内外其他 FGD技术 ,是国内自行设计施工新建的最大烟气脱硫装置。经浙江省环境监测中心站监测 ,脱硫效率达到 89.4 % ,除尘效率达到 97.8% ,符合工程设计要求及我国相关环境标准。     

锅炉烟气脱硫除尘一体化装置的开发与应用

本文介绍了国内外已应用的锅炉脱硫除尘一体化装置,并结合国情,提出了应重点发展的锅炉烟气脱硫除尘一体化装置。     

锅炉烟气脱硫除尘一体化装置的开发与应用

本文介绍了国内外已应用的锅炉脱硫除尘一体化装置,并结合国情,提出了应重点发展的锅炉烟气脱硫除尘一体化装置.     

锅炉烟气脱硫除尘一体化装置的开发与应用

本文介绍了国内外已应用的锅炉脱硫除尘一体化装置,并结合国情,提出了应重点发展的锅炉烟气脱硫除尘一体化装置.     

石灰-石膏法旋流板塔脱硫技术及其应用

石灰-石膏法旋流板塔烟气脱硫技术将石灰-石膏法脱硫工艺与高效传质的旋流板塔设备相结合,具有运行可靠性高、脱硫效率高、一次性投资低、运行费用低的优点.该技术已成功应用于江苏某企业3台170 t/h煤粉炉烟气脱硫除尘,其运行效果均达到或超过设计值,并通过环保验收,为企业带来了可观的经济效益和环境效益.     

双循环多级水幕吸收塔烟气除尘脱硫性能研究

以改进后的双循环多级水幕塔对烟气进行除尘脱硫性能的研究，利用双循环不同pH值控制的优点和多级水幕的效果，增加气液接触面积和传质动力，提高SO₂吸收效果。在正交实验的最佳运行工况基础上，实验从烟气流量、上下两段pH、L/G和SO₂进气浓度等方面进行单因素研究。结果表明，除尘效率维持在98%以上，进气SO₂浓度在5 000 mg/m³以下时，脱硫率在93%以上。上段pH值为6、下段pH值为5、L/G在15左右的脱硫效率和运行工况最佳，无结垢现象发生。改进后的吸收塔具有良好的应用前景，实验结果对于现场脱硫设备的调试和运行有很好的参考价值。     

石灰石湿法脱硫过程中SO2吸收数学模型

为揭示石灰石湿法脱硫体系中喷淋塔内SO2的浓度和脱硫效率的变化情况,针对喷淋塔内石灰石在气膜控制、气液膜控制和固体溶解控制的3个不同阶段,以双膜理论为基础,以单个石灰石颗粒为研究对象,通过石灰石在不同阶段的转化率和粒径变化,得到SO2在不同阶段脱硫效率随时间的变化规律,建立SO2吸收的数学模型.模型计算结果表明,在烟气行程上,脱硫效率受SO2气膜传质阻力和石灰石溶解速率限制.在吸收塔底部和上端SO2吸收速率较低,在SO2和石灰石摩尔比在适宜条件下,有效吸收段高度为2 m左右.理论模型揭示的规律对喷淋塔的设计和运行参数选取有一定借鉴意义.     

湍球塔和喷淋塔的海水脱硫冷态实验对比

通过湍球塔和喷淋塔的海水脱硫冷态实验对比,研究海水脱硫过程中烟气和海水参数对湍球塔和喷淋塔脱硫的不同影响。实验结果表明,SO2分压力增大,脱硫效率和尾水pH值减小;海水碱度、pH值和液气比增大,脱硫效率和尾水pH值也随之增大;湍球塔的脱硫效率和尾水pH值与液气比改变方式无关,实验用湍球塔的合适液气比值为2.3 L/m3;湍球塔脱硫实验中,塔内气速为1.58 m/s,SO2分压力为20 Pa,水温为10.2℃,液气比为1.1~2.8 L/m3时,尾水pH值在2.4~2.8之间;增大液气比时,喷淋塔改变海水流量的脱硫效果要比改变气体流量的脱硫效果明显;塔内气速1 m/s以上时,一级喷淋塔的脱硫效率要比湍球塔小很多,有时只有湍球塔的1/2左右。     

Anion-Exchange Resin-Based Desulfurization and Dechlorination of Spent Sorbent Material

Abstract

Emissions of acid gases such as SO₂ and HCI/CI₂ from energy conversion or waste incineration facilities are unacceptable. Under the various regulations, the emissions of such acid gases are regulated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Alkali metal sorbents can remove these acid gases more efficiently than the lime/limestone type sorbents used in the conventional flue gas desulfurization (FGD) systems. However, the resulting alkali metal sulfate and chloride are unsuitable for landfill disposal because they are water-soluble and can potentially leach into groundwater, altering the soil pH. Replacing the (virgin) sorbent material is expensive. Hence, it is desirable that the spent sorbent materials obtained from such emissions control systems be converted to sulfur- and chlorine-free forms, so that they can be reused. The weak-base, anionexchange resin-based desulfurization concept, developed and tested at the University of Tennessee Space Institute (UTSI), can also simultaneously remove sulfur- and chlorine- containing species from such spent sorbent materials. Under the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) sponsorship, bench scale studies have been carried out at UTSI to evaluate the feasibility of removing sulfur- and chlorine-containing species using this resin-based concept. Efforts have also been made to enhance the candidate resins’ performance by carrying out the resin exhaustion step under CO₂ static pressure and by using suitable pH buffering agents, such as low-molecular weight organic acids. Preliminary cost estimates for a regeneration scheme employing reactivated alkali metal-based spent sorbent material using the ion-exchange resin-based concept seem attractive and comparable to currently available options. After further development, this low-cost, simple process can be easily integrated into alkali metal sorbent-based flue gas desulfurization and acid gas emission control systems.     

Formation and destruction of PCDD/F inside a grate furnace

Formation and destruction of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans PCDD/F during the combustion process was investigated experimentally in a pilot plant. All important process steps like the burnout of the fuel bed on the grate, the burnout of the flue gas inside the combustion chamber, the heat recovery in a boiler as well as influences of the fuel composition are described in detail.

High concentrations especially of PCDF are formed during the burnout of the fuel bed. The formation reaction is mainly influenced by the fuel composition and the burnout characteristic of the fuel bed. Fuels with low chlorine and low metal content (Cu) result only in negligible concentrations of PCDD/F.

Under stable combustion conditions characterized by an excellent flue gas burnout PCDD/F will almost be completely destroyed already inside the combustion chamber. “Cold strands” of unburned flue gas (high CO concentrations) caused by disturbed combustion conditions will result in high concentrations of PCDD and especially of PCDF in the raw gas.

A second place of PCDD/F formation is the well-known boiler section. Here fly ash deposits containing residual carbon (mainly soot particles) are the source for the formation reaction. Under stationary effective combustion conditions, they are dominant for PCDD/F concentrations in the raw gas over a very long period of time.

Stationary efficient flue gas burnout (especially soot) together with effective boiler cleaning will guaranty low concentrations of PCDD/F in the flue gas in front of the flue gas cleaning system.     

脱硫石膏农业利用研究进展与展望

概述火电厂脱硫石膏定义、生产过程和性质.简述了脱离石膏的工业利用,详述了脱离石膏对酸性和碱性土壤改良的现状和机理,并展望了脱硫石膏促进滩涂土植被演替的前景.     

脱硫石膏农业利用研究进展与展望

概述火电厂脱硫石膏定义、生产过程和性质。简述了脱离石膏的工业利用，详述了脱离石膏对酸性和碱性土壤改良的现状和机理，并展望了脱硫石膏促进滩涂土植被演替的前景。     

Solid Waste Disposal in the Netherlands

In The Netherlands, a small and densely populated country, the disposal of solid waste requires strict precautions. Because the landscape is flat and the watertable just under groundlevel, landfilling and dumping must be avoided as much as possible. Incineration of municipal and industrial waste are presently under consideration. But even when excellent flue gas cleaning systems are used, air pollution can present a problem, for instance, by dioxines produced during the process. For these reasons the government has published a waste disposal policy plan in which recycling, composting and prevention of waste production play a major role. Eventually about one third of the solid waste production will be incinerated or dumped. No solid waste will be exported.     

氧化镁烟气脱硫反应特性研究

利用实验室规模的鼓泡式反应装置,对比了碳酸钙、氧化镁和氧化镁/硫酸镁脱硫剂的反应活性,证实脱硫液中高浓度硫酸镁的存在是保证镁法脱硫效率高于钙法的重要因素,并考察了硫酸镁浓度、脱硫剂(氧化镁)浓度、烟气量、SO2浓度和吸收液温度等因素对脱硫效率的影响。结果表明,脱硫反应可以根据pH分为2个不同阶段;反应过程中脱硫效率随着硫酸镁浓度的增加而显著升高;烟气量增加将会导致脱硫效率有所下降;入口SO2浓度升高,脱硫效率下降;氧化镁浓度、温度对脱硫效率影响不显著。结合实验现象进行推断,氧化镁脱硫的反应过程受SO2在气液两相界面的传质扩散和其水解产物在液相的扩散控制。     

超重力旋转填料床在燃煤尾气处理上的应用进展

本文指出了我国燃煤尾气脱硫进展缓慢的原因 ,介绍了一种新型的燃煤尾气脱硫设备———超重力旋转脱硫床的工作原理、传质特性及在低浓度的废气处理上的广阔应用前景