水力停留时间对潜流湿地净化效果影响及脱氮途径解析

利用连续进水的垂直潜流人工湿地和水平潜流人工湿地,比较分析了4种水力停留时间对常规污染物去除效果的影响,在最佳水力停留时间下探究了两种湿地内部各基质层硝化、反硝化和氨氧化功能基因丰度以及硝化与反硝化作用强度;通过对两种湿地脱氮影响因素的冗余分析和方差分解分析,得出影响湿地氮去除的主要因素.结果表明,当水力停留时间为24 h时,两种湿地系统对常规污染物（COD、TP、TN和NH₄⁺-N）去除效果最佳,去除率均大于70%,此时湿地内部对NH₄⁺-N和TN的去除率以及硝化和反硝化强度皆表现出沿水流方向逐级递减的趋势;3种功能基因中,反硝化功能基因（nirS）丰度远高于硝化功能基因（nxrA）和氨氧化功能基因（AOB-amoA）.在本研究中,两种潜流人工湿地氮去除能力均受环境因素和微生物因素共同影响,其中,微生物因素对脱氮贡献率最高（55%和48%）.除此之外,TN和NH₄⁺-N的去除率均与DO、基质比表面积、COD浓度和硝化功能基因及反硝化功能基因丰度呈正比,与pH值成反比.因此,为提高两种系统氮去除效果,均可通过提高基质层溶解氧和碳源含量以及适当地降低pH值来实现,水平潜流人工湿地还可通过更换比表面积较大的基质层来显著提高系统脱氮效果.本研究为人工湿地的设计以及最佳水力停留时间的选择提供了理论基础,脱氮途径的定量化解析对深入理解人工湿地氮去除机制以及提高氮素去除率具有重要的指导意义.     

潜流人工湿地系统停留时间分布与N、P浓度空间变化

通过人工湿地小试装置,研究了风车草和香蒲水平潜流人工湿地处理富营养化养殖水体过程中水力停留时间分布（RTD）特征和系统内N、P浓度空间变化规律.结果表明,供试的香蒲潜流湿地和风车草潜流湿地系统RTD曲线特征值σ²分别为0.324 6和0.410 8,表明水流流态介于推流与混合流之间,风车草潜流湿地系统RTD曲线较香蒲潜流湿地平滑,水流混合流动程度较弱. 2种植物类型湿地床体总氮（TN）和氨氮（NH⁺₄-N）浓度在垂直方向上的分层现象明显,尤其在湿地床体前端;TN浓度随着取样点深度增加而上升,而NH⁺₄-N浓度则以中层取样点为最低;对于总磷（TP）和正磷酸盐（PO^3-₄-P）浓度, 2种植物类型湿地系统内均表现为随取样点深度增加而上升,但这种差异随沿程而降低. 与香蒲湿地相比较,风车草潜流湿地系统N、P浓度分层现象更为明显.风车草湿地系统后端各层取样点TN和TP平均浓度较香蒲湿地系统分别下降了19.8%和12.3%,说明风车草潜流湿地系统对富营养化养殖水体中氮、磷的去除效果优于香蒲湿地.     

芦苇根际微环境对潜流人工湿地氮与COD去除性能的影响

构建了3个小型潜流人工湿地,一个不种植物作为对照;另2个栽种芦苇,其中一个湿地在芦苇根部埋设300目尼纶网制成的根袋,以区分根际与非根际环境.采用人工配水,研究了稳定运行期的人工湿地对COD、N的去除性能.结果表明,3个湿地对COD、N的去除场所主要位于湿地前端,且COD与N的去除具有沿程同步性.在进水C/N=5时,对照湿地、芦苇湿地和根袋湿地对NH⁺₄-N和TN的去除效率分别为66.2%、94.2%、82.2%和67.2%、90.7%、76.1%,具有同步硝化反硝化现象;对COD的去除效率分别为56.2%、80.9%、72.7%.试验中,3个湿地沿程水样的C/N值均大于5,表明碳源供应较充足.通过在湿地中预埋铂电极和土壤溶液采样器的方法,测定了根际土壤与非根际土体土壤ORP以及土壤溶液中的有机物含量（以TOC表征）.结果表明,湿地前端根际土壤ORP明显高于空白湿地和湿地土体土壤,差值分别为11～311 mV、62～261 mV.根系分泌物显著增加了植物湿地中有机碳的供应,根际土壤与非根际土体土壤中TOC含量分别为21.3～54.6 mg·L^-1和6.65～12.0 mg·L^-1.正是湿地植物根际环境中较高的氧化还原电位以及充足的碳源供应,使得植物湿地的脱氮效果好于对照湿地.     

不同湿地植物脱氮效果与根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性特征分析

为研究水平潜流型人工湿地中不同植物脱氮效果及对土壤微生物的影响,采集水样测定脱氮效率,采集芦苇根际土壤、香蒲根际土壤和对照土壤（不种植物）,利用Biolog技术研究不同处理土壤微生物群落代谢功能多样性特征.结果表明:①与对照相比,种植芦苇和香蒲可提高水平潜流型人工湿地7%~33%的NH₃-N去除率.②芦苇和香蒲根际土壤的碳源利用率增加,并显著高于对照土壤;香蒲根际土壤的碳源利用率高于芦苇根际土壤.芦苇和香蒲根际土壤微生物均对碳水化合物的相对利用率较高（> 48.0%）,对照土壤微生物对碳水化合物和聚合物的相对利用率均较高,分别为34.4%和32.7%.③芦苇和香蒲根际土壤微生物的丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Shannon-Wiener均匀度指数均显著高于对照土壤.④主成分分析（principal component analysis,PCA）结果表明,芦苇和香蒲根际土壤微生物与对照土壤微生物对碳源的利用特征均存在显著差异,而不同植物对土壤微生物碳源利用多样性的影响较小.研究显示,种植植物可改善水平潜流型人工湿地的脱氮效率,增加根际土壤微生物群落功能多样性,而不同植物（芦苇和香蒲）对脱氮效率和根际土壤微生物群落组成的影响无显著差异,因此在种植植物时可根据当地条件进行选择.      

青藏高原高寒湿地春夏两季根际与非根际土壤反硝化速率及nirS型反硝化细菌群落特征分析

反硝化是生态系统氮循环的关键过程.目前对于生态系统氮排放及反硝化细菌群落的研究大多基于人为影响显著的环境,对于人为干扰较低的自然生态系统的研究较少.本研究选取青藏高原黄河源区不同海拔（唐克、久治、玛多和达日）不同季节（春季和夏季）的高寒湿地植物根际与非根际土壤作为研究对象,采用¹⁵N同位素标记法测定反硝化速率,高通量测序技术测定nirS反硝化细菌群落组成及相对丰度,并探究环境因子（气温、海拔）和土壤理化性质（pH、土壤有机碳、铵态氮、硝态氮和亚硝态氮）对nirS型反硝化细菌群落的影响.结果表明,高寒湿地土壤反硝化速率范围为0.80~14.98 nmol·（g·h）^-1,对总N₂释放的贡献率为11.23%~71.16%.唐克、久治和达日的土壤样品,均呈现出根际土壤反硝化速率高于非根际的趋势（P<0.05）.Proteobacteria是青藏高原高寒湿地植物根际和非根际土壤中主要的反硝化细菌门;在属水平上,各土壤样本中相对丰度最高的是一种未分类的变形杆菌（unclassified Proteobacteria,2.86%~29.41%）,这表明主导青藏高原高寒湿地反硝化作用的可能有一些独特的未被鉴定的反硝化菌属,相对丰度其次为假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas,2.45%~26.52%）和贪铜菌属（Cupriavidus,0%~34.14%）.基于距离的冗余分析结果表明,高寒湿地的反硝化细菌群落结构主要受到海拔、pH、NO₂^-含量影响（P<0.05）;相关分析表明反硝化速率和Shannon指数与pH呈显著负相关（P<0.05）,且主要反硝化菌群相对丰度受到温度和pH的影响.本研究结果可为进一步了解青藏高原高寒湿地这一特殊生境中的氮循环提供参考依据.     

垂直潜流人工湿地低温净化效果及其与微生物作用关系

人工湿地净化过程受基质、微生物及植物的多重作用,但有关湿地系统水质净化效果与微生物之间的关联及响应机制的认识较为匮乏.本文针对垂直潜流人工湿地,分析了其低温条件下水质净化效果,通过16S rDNA扩增子测序技术,在OTU水平上利用微生物丰度聚类热图和基于Bray-Curtis距离的NMDS分析,揭示了湿地基质微生物群落结构的时空变化及其与主要水质指标之间的相互作用关系.结果表明,湿地对TN、COD的去除效果较好,但对TP的去除效果不佳.基质微生物群落时空变化显著,与湿地净化效果密切相关,革兰氏阴性菌门类众多和假单胞菌属相对丰度较低,分别是TN去除效果较好和TP去除效果不佳的重要原因.COD、DO是影响微生物群落的主要因子,而氮含量在一定程度上影响脱氮微生物的活跃度.基质微生物在湿地运行2周后,对污染物去除的介导作用稳定,建议设立这一关键时间点,并辅以菌群、碳源投入等措施,提升湿地的净化效果.     

玉米芯和稻草秸秆强化潜流人工湿地对低C/N污水的处理效果

人工湿地在处理低C/N污水时存在碳源缺乏而严重限制反硝化进行的问题.为了补充反硝化需要的碳源,选择了玉米芯和稻草秸秆作为外加碳源引入湿地系统,对比两种碳源对湿地脱氮的强化效果.结果表明,通过11 d的纯水浸提释放实验发现,碳素累积释放量：稻草秸秆［（145.17±9.44） mg·g^-1］>玉米芯［（57.41±5.04） mg·g^-1］;氮素累积释放量：稻草秸秆［（2.31±0.09） mg·g^-1］>玉米芯［（0.66±0.08） mg·g^-1］.在观测的时间内,玉米芯和稻草秸秆累积释放碳氮比平均值分别为94.78和63.64.相比于稻草秸秆,玉米芯更适合作为外加碳源.在为期58 d的潜流人工湿地实验中,发现除了第8~12 d,添加玉米芯和稻草秸秆人工湿地出水中ρ（COD）超过50 mg·L^-1外,其它时间都低于50 mg·L^-1.在观测期间,添加玉米芯人工湿地的NO₃^--N去除率为93%~99%,具有良好的反硝化性能.而添加稻草秸秆人工湿地在运行后期NO₃^--N去除率最低只有76.8%,反硝化速率明显下降.对照组NO₃^--N去除率只有76.2%~77.7%,出现了明显碳源不足的现象.碳源不足还造成了NO₂^--N的蓄积.添加稻草秸秆和对照组人工湿地中NO₂^--N的出水质量浓度分别是玉米芯人工湿地的2.5~6倍和6~26倍.与添加稻草秸秆比,添加玉米芯可以使人工湿地中NO₂^--N出水质量浓度得到更显著地降低（P<0.05）.玉米芯、稻草秸秆和对照组人工湿地TN去除率分别为83.75%~93.49%、76.59%~78.85%和67.85%~72.56%,三者之间存在显著性差异（P<0.01）.最后,通过对玉米芯进行了稀碱加热预处理,使玉米芯的碳素累积释放量提高到（93.73±17.49） mg·g^-1,累积释放的碳氮比提高至175.8,进一步提高了玉米芯的释碳性能,表现为更合适的外加碳源.     

水平潜流人工湿地处理邻二氯苯废水研究

采用水平潜流人工湿地(SFCW)处理邻二氯苯(o-DCB)废水,构建了基质分别为壤土、 细沙和粗砂的3套芦苇湿地中试系统W-L、 W-F、 W-C和无植物的壤土湿地对照组W-Z.结果表明,最佳水力停留时间为5 d,最适表面负荷率为150 mg·(m²·d)^-1,湿地组W-L、 W-F、 W-C和W-Z对o-DCB的去除率分别为81.2%、 71.1%、 72.4%和65.2%;8月中旬湿地运行效果最好,进入10月后性能有所下降,各个湿地系统对o-DCB废水处理效果顺序为W-L>W-C>W-Z>W-F,壤土和粗砂基质具有各自的优势;o-DCB浓度和溶解氧(DO)在湿地W-L和W-Z空间分布状况表明DO有利于o-DCB降解;o-DCB残留量在各层土壤中沿水流方向递减,随深度加深而增加;在芦苇组织中呈阶梯状分布,根、 茎、 叶中平均残留值分别为30.28、 14.85和 6.18 μg·g^-1.     

三级绿狐尾藻表面流人工湿地对养殖废水处理效应研究

提高人工湿地对养殖废水的处理效果是当前人工湿地需要解决的重要问题。本文以绿狐尾藻（Myriophyllum aquaticum Gaudich）为湿地植物,在野外构建三级表面流人工湿地,以高污染养猪废水为处理对象,分析废水中铵态氮（NH₄⁺-N）、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）和化学需氧量（COD）在人工湿地中的去除效应,并解析它们与水体温度、溶解氧（DO）、pH和氧化还原电位（Eh）等指标的关联性。结果表明,绿狐尾藻人工湿地对NH₄⁺-N、TN、TP和COD平均去除率分别为88.3%、86.4%、76.3%和82.3%,出水平均浓度分别为45、86、14和188 mg/L。人工湿地进水负荷与人工湿地去除负荷呈显著的正相关关系（R² ≥ 0.80,P< 0.01）,去除负荷随进水负荷增加而增加。根据Pearson相关分析,人工湿地对NH₄⁺-N、TN、TP的去除率与水体DO、Eh和温度有显著相关性（P<0.01）,而对COD的去除率仅与温度存在显著的相关关系（P < 0.05）,说明人工湿地对不同污染物的去除机制存在差异。主成分分析发现水体温度是人工湿地对NH₄⁺-N、TN、COD去除的主要影响因素,水体Eh对人工湿地去除TP的关联性最大。这对改善人工湿地对污染物的去除效应至关重要。     

铜胁迫对小麦根系微域微生物群落的影响

小麦是我国主要的粮食作物,土壤重金属污染会严重威胁作物生长和粮食安全.大量研究表明根际微生物在调控作物发育和抗逆性方面具有非常重要的作用.因此,本研究通过高通量测序技术研究铜胁迫条件下小麦根际微生物群落的变化,从微生物学角度揭示铜污染胁迫对小麦根际的影响作用.采用盆栽培养试验对铜污染处理中小麦非根际、根际以及根内微生物进行测序后,分别比较小麦不同根系分区环境中的微生物群落结构和多样性.结果发现,所有处理中小麦的根内微生物多样性均显著（P<0.001）低于根际和非根际微生物多样性,表明根表作为微生物进入根内环境的门户,对根内微生物的定殖起着过滤和筛选的作用.铜污染胁迫降低了根际土环境中的微生物多样性,且差异显著（P<0.05）;而在非根际和根内环境中,尽管铜污染胁迫降低了对应根系分区中的微生物多样性,但差异不显著（P>0.05）.变形菌门（Proteobacteria）和放线菌门（Actinobacteria）是小麦根际和非根际环境中的共有优势菌群,通过比较发现铜污染胁迫对这两种优势菌门的影响作用较小.另外,芽孢杆菌属（Bacillus）、假黄色单胞菌属（Pseudoxanthomonas）和鞘氨醇单胞菌属（Sphingomonas）等菌属具有较强的抗逆性,能够在铜污染胁迫下存活且能够为植物提供营养物质.     

Evaluation of phytoextracting cadmium and lead by sunflower, ricinus, alfalfa and mustard in hydroponic culture

Soil contaminated with heavy metals cadmium(Cd)and lead(Pb)is hard to be remediated.Phytoremediation may be a feasible method to remove toxic metals from soil,but there are few suitable plants which can hyperaccumulate metals.In this study,Cd and Pb accumulation by four plants including sunflower(Helianthus annuus L.),mustard(Brassica juncea L.),alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.), ricinus(Ricinus communis L.)in hydroponic cultures was compared.Results showed that these plants could phytocxtract heavy metals, the ability of accumulation differed with species,concentrations and categories of heavy metals.Values of BCF(bioconcentration factor)and TF(translocation factor)indicated that four species had dissimilar abilities of phytoextraction and transportation of heavy metals.Changes on the biomass of plants,pH and Eh at different treatments revealed that these four plants had distinct responses to Cd and Pb in cultures.Measurements should be taken to improve the phytoremediation of sites contaminated with heavy metals,such as pH and Eh regulations,and so forth.     

Oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by potassium permanganate

The oxidation of As(Ⅲ) with potassium permanganate was studied under conditions including pH, initial As(Ⅲ) concentration and dosage of Mn(Ⅶ). The results have shown that potassium permanganate was an effective agent for oxidizing of As(Ⅲ) in a wide pH range. The pH value of tested water was not a significant factor affecting the oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by Mn(Ⅶ). Although theoretical redox analyses suggest that Mn(Ⅶ) should have better performance in oxidization of As(Ⅲ) within lower pH ranges, the experimental results show that the oxidation efficiencies of As(Ⅲ) under basic and acidic conditions were similar, which may be due to the adsorption of As(Ⅲ) on the Mn(OH)2 and MnO2 resulting from the oxidation of As(Ⅲ).     

Distribution and ecological effect of mercury in Laogang landfill, Shanghai, China

Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury （HgT）, combinative mercury （Hgc） and gaseous mercury （HgG）, and content of total organic carbon （TOC）, but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of （HgG,/HgT）1992〉（HgG/HgT）1996〉〉（HgG/HgT）2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn： with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants （e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum） are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.     

EDTA-enhanced phytoremediation of lead contaminated soil by Bidens maximowicziana

Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.     

Decomposition of alachlor by ozonation and its mechanism

Decomposition and corresponding mechanism of alachlor, an endocrine disruptor in water by ozonation were investigated. Results showed that alachlor could not be completely mineralized by ozone alone. Many intermediates and final products were formed during the process, including aromatic compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids, and inorganic ions. In evoluting these products, some of them with weak polarity were qualitatively identified by GC-MS. The information of inorganic ions suggested that the dechlorination was the first and the fastest step in the ozonation of alachlor.     

Enzymatic oxidation of aqueous pentachlorophenol

The influence of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 on pentachlorophenol （PCP） oxidation catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase was studied. The surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above its critical micelle concentration （CMC）. Enhancement of PCP removal was observed at sub-CMCs. The presence of Tween 80 in the reaction mixture reduced enzyme inactivation which occurred through a combination of free radical attack and sorption by precipitated products. A simple first-order model was able to simulate time profiles for enzyme inactivation in the presence or absence of Tween 80. At supra-CMCs, the surfactant caused noticeable reductions in PCP removal, presumably through micelle partitioning of PCP which precluded the hydrophobic PCP molecule from interacting with the enzyme.     

Chlorobenzenes in waterweeds from the Xijiang River （Guangdong section） of the Pearl River

The Xijiang River is the major source of water for about 4.5 millions of urban population and 28.7 millions of rural population. The water quality is very important for the health of the rural population. The concentration and distribution of chlorobenzenes (CBs) in both water and waterweeds collected from 4 stations in the Xijiang River (Gangdong section) of the Pearl River in April and November were determined. The result showed that nearly every congener of CBs was detected. The total contents of CBs (∑CBs) in the river water ranged from 111.1 to 360.0 ng/L in April and from 151.9 to 481.7 ng/L in November, respectively. The pollution level of CBs in the water in April was higher than that in November. The contents of ∑ CBs in waterweeds ranged from 13.53×102 μg/g to 38.27×102μg/g dry weight (dw). There was no significant difference between April and November in waterweeds. The distribution of CBs in roots, caulis, and leaves of Vallisneria spiralis L. showed different patterns. The leaves mainly contained low-molecular-weight CBs(DCBs), whereas the roots accumulated more PCBs and HCBs. The average lgBCFlip (bioconcentration factor) of CBs ranged from 0.64 to 3.57 in the waterweeds. The spatial distribution character of CBs in the Xijiang River was: Fengkai County ＜ Yunan County ＜Yun'an County ＜ Gaoyao County according to the ∑CBs, and the pollution deteriorated from the upstream to the downstream of the Xijiang River. Further analysis demonstrated that the discharge of waste containing CBs may be the main source of CBs pollution in the Xijiang River.     

Degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol with a novel TiO2/Ti-Fe-graphite felt photoelectrocatalytic oxidation process

Degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP)was studied in a novel three-electrode photoelectrocatalytic(PEC)integrative oxidation process,and the factors influencing the degradation rate,such as applied current,flow speed of O_2,pH,adscititious voltage and initial 2,4-DCP concentration were investigated and optimized.H_2O_2 was produced nearby cathode and Fe~(2 )continuously generated from Fe anode in solution when current and O_2 were applied,so,main reactions,H_2O_2-assisted TiO_2 PEC oxidation and E-Fenton reaction,occurred during degradation of 2,4-DCP in this integrative system.The degradation ratio of 2,4-DCP was 93% in this integrative oxidation process,while it was only 31% in E-Fenton process and 46% in H_2O_2-assisted TiO_2 PEC process.So,it revealed that the degradation of 2,4-DCP was improved greatly by photoelectrical cooperation effect.By the investigation of pH,it showed that this integrative process could work well in a wide pH range from pH 3 to pH 9.     

Effect of copper on the degradation of pesticides cypermethrin and cyhalothrin

The influence of coexisting copper (Cu) ion on the degradation of pesticides pyrethroid cypermethrin and cyhalothrin in soil and photodegradation in water system were studied.Serial concentrations of the pesticides with the addition of copper ion were spiked in the soil and incubated for a regular period of time,the analysis of the extracts from the soil was carried out using gas chromatography (GC).The photodegradation of pyrethroids in water system was conducted under UV irradiation.The effect of Cu~(2 ) on the pesticides degradation was measured with half life (t_(0.5)) of degradation.It was found that a negative correlation between the degradation of the pyrethroid pesticides in soil and Cu addition was observed.But Cu~(2 ) could accelerate photodegradation of the pyrethroids in water.The t_(0.5) for cyhalothrin extended from 6.7 to 6.8 d while for cypermethrin extended from 8.1 to 10.9 d with the presence of copper ion in soil.As for photodegradation,t_(0.5) for cyhalothrin reduced from 173.3 to 115.5 rain and for cypermethrin from 115.5 to 99.0 min.The results suggested that copper influenced the degradation of the pesticides in soil by affecting the activity of microorganisms.However, it had catalyst tendency for photodegradation in water system.The difference for the degradation efficiency of pyrethroid isomers in soil was also observed.Copper could obviously accelerate the degradation of some special isomers.     

基于综合水质标识指数和对应分析法的校园河道水质评价

以三峡大学的校园河道求索溪为研究对象,利用综合水质标识指数法确定求索溪水质类别,分析其水质时空变化规律,并利用对应分析法得出求索溪中不同监测点的主要污染因子.研究结果表明:求索溪整体的综合水质标识指数为7.423,整体水质为劣V类(地表水环境质量标准GB 3838-2002)且黑臭.从时间变化来看,求索溪4月份的水质最差,5月份次之,4、5月份所有监测点的水质都劣于V类且黑臭;8月份水质最好,水质为Ⅳ类;从空间分布来看,8个监测点综合水质标识指数均超过6.0,水质为劣V类,其中6号监测点的水质相对最好,监测点3号的水质相对最差;对应分析法得出求索溪的整体水体污染程度受总氮因子的影响最大,其次为总磷.该研究拟为求索溪及类似校园河道的水环境治理研究提供基础依据和参考.