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论述了大气监测分析方法标准化研究的特点、内容、样品采集方法和保存条件,样品预处理方法和测定条件,干扰试验、方法的基本特征参数第一轮测定、实际样品的测定等问题。 相似文献
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论述了大气监测分析方法标准化研究的特点,内容,样品采集方法和保存条件,样品预处理方法和测定条件,干扰检验,方法的基本特征参数第一轮测定,实际样品的测定等问题。 相似文献
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通过进样管道的设计,可能存在的干扰,以及工作参数的详细研究,建立了用冷原子吸收光度法直接测定工业用浓盐酸中痕量汞的分析方法。实际样品测定结果表明,该方法可靠,准确可行。 相似文献
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悬浮液进样火焰原子吸收光谱法测定环境样品中钙、镁 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将环境样品制成悬浮液,用空气/乙炔火焰原子吸收光谱法测定钙、镁、以三氯化镧、丙三醇和高氯酸为混合抗干扰剂,有效消除了环境样品中铅、磷、硫、硅等共存元素的干扰,其中丙三醇不仅是抗干扰剂,而且还起着稳定剂的作用,进一步简化了测定步骤,有效提高了分析速度。本文通过水溶液标准曲线校正,使测定更加方便。对测定结果与湿法消化法比较,具有较好的相关性。本法简便、快速、测定分析结果准确可靠。 相似文献
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《环境科学与技术》2017,(Z1)
《环境空气二氧化硫的测定甲醛吸收-副玫瑰苯胺分光光度法》(HJ 482-2009)中使用CDTA消除或减少某些金属离子的干扰,由于CDTA较贵且不易买到,故尝试用EDTA代替CDTA,该实验从标准曲线绘制、标准样品测定、干扰离子影响分析等多方面考察其可行性。结果表明,2种方法绘制的标准曲线相关系数均达到0.999以上,斜率也符合要求;SO_2低、中、高3种浓度的标准样品,2种方法亦无显著差异;添加干扰离子,EDTA对锰离子络合效果不理想,加入大于0.5μg的锰离子,测定结果超出可接受范围,其余金属离子(钙、镁、铁、铝、铜、镉)与CDTA无较大差别。因此,在实际采样中,若气样较纯,锰离子含量不致干扰测定时,可以用EDTA来代替国标法中的CDTA。 相似文献
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This work was conducted to evaluate whether Ca-bearing additives used during coal combustion can also help with the retention of some other elements. This work was focused on the evaluation of bottom ashes collected during four full-scale combustion tests at an operating thermal fluidized-bed power station. Bottom ashes were preferred to fly ashes for the study to avoid interference from condensation processes usually occurring in the post-combustion zone. This work focused on the behaviors of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, W, and Pb. Strong positive correlations with CaO content in bottom ashes were observed(for all four combustion tests) for S, As, Cl and Br(R = 0.917-0.999). Strong inverse proportionality was calculated between the contents of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn and CaO, so these elements showed association to materials other than Ca-bearing compounds(e.g., to aluminosilicates, organic matter, etc.). Somewhat unclear behaviors were observed for W, Cu, and V. Their correlation coefficients were evaluated as statistically "not significant", i.e., these elements were not thought to be significantly associated with CaO. It was also discovered that major enrichment of CaO in the finest bottom ash fractions could be advantageously used for simple separation of elements strongly associated with these fractions, mainly S and As, but also Cl or Br. Removal of5% of the finest ash particles brings about a decrease in As concentration down to 77%-80% of its original bulk ash content, which can be conveniently used e.g., when high As content complicates further ash utilization. 相似文献
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Paul Ney 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1981,68(12):597-605
Types of asbestos are distinguished not only by structure, chemical compositon, shape of aggregates, and length and quality of fibers, but also by its formation. Though consisting of quite common elements, deposits are formed only under very special conditions. Its unique combination of properties has created over 3000 fields of application (about 70% in asbestos cement). Great efforts have been made to substitute all types of asbestos by harmless, similarly cheap and versatile synthetic fibers, owing to the unquestioned carcinogenic properties of all asbestos dusts. However, development of such fibers has not made any remarkable progress until recently. Consequently risk to workers in mining and manufactoring, consumers, outsiders, and the environment should be kept as low as possible by intensifying precautions and diminishing emissions. 相似文献
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珊瑚钨锡矿硅质尾矿中Cd、As、Zn、F富集迁移及环境污染 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
硅质尾矿在释放中性矿山废水(NMD)时所伴生的多元素复合污染问题值得重视。本文以桂东北珊瑚矿尾矿作为研究对象,通过分析该尾矿的组构、元素富集及迁移特性,筛选出主要污染元素,并探讨尾矿胶结层对元素富集迁移的影响。结果表明:(1)该尾矿中Cd、As、Zn及F富集程度较高、可交换态含量(易迁移释放量)较大,是主要的污染元素,而Cu、Pb、Tl产生污染的可能性较小;(2)胶结层对重金属具有再富集作用,但其对可交换态Cd、As(Tl)再富集明显,而对可交换态Cu、Pb、Zn再富集则不明显。胶结层中次生伊利石、石膏等胶结物趋向于吸附富集活性可交换态Cd、As。这表明该尾矿可能迁移释放出含Cd、As浓度较高的NMD。研究表明,硅质尾矿风化释出NMD的同时,可能伴生Cd、As、Zn等重金属以及F的复合污染。 相似文献
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Vine Edward L. Sathaye Jayant A. 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2000,5(2):189-216
In this paper, we present an overview of guidelinesdeveloped for the monitoring, evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification (MERVC) ofenergy-efficiency projects for climate changemitigation. The monitoring and evaluation ofenergy-efficiency projects is needed to determine moreaccurately their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions and other attributes, and to ensure that theglobal climate is protected and that countryobligations are met. Reporting, verification andcertification will be needed for addressing therequirements of the Kyoto Protocol. While the cost ofmonitoring and evaluation of energy-efficiencyprojects is expected to be about 5–10% of a project'sbudget, the actual cost of monitoring and evaluationwill vary depending on many factors, including thelevel of precision required for measuring energy andGHG reductions, type of project, and amount of fundingavailable. 相似文献
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Kurunthachalam Kannan Simonetta Corsoline Takashi Imagaws Silvano Focardi John P.Giesy 《Ambio-人类环境杂志》2002,31(3):207-211
我们曾对从意大利收集的金枪鱼、箭鱼、普通鸬鹚以及家燕体内的p,p'-DDE、多氯联苯同类物(PCBs)、多氯二苯-p-二恶英(PCDDs)、多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)以及多氯萘(PCNs)浓度进行过测量. 相似文献
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共沉淀-离心-X射线荧光法快速测定表层海水中的Fe,Ni,Mn,Cu,Zn,Pb 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于共沉淀的富集作用,采用自制的离心管离心沉淀,以手持式X-射线荧光仪(XRF)测定,由此建立了表层海水中Fe,Ni,Mn,Cu,Zn,Pb的共沉淀-离心-XRF快速分析方法。测定时间为5 min/样;线性范围125μg/L~1 000μg/L,可以满足近岸表层海水中铁和锰的分析要求;基底加标200μg/L回收率为94.5%~116%;连续7次测定6种金属浓度均为500μg/L的海水加标样品,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.86%~5.85%。与ICP-MS法比较,测定结果无显著性差异。本方法具有化学试剂污染小、方便快捷、可现场快速测定方法等优点。该方法已成功应用于厦门西港和福建九龙江河口表层海水中可溶态铁锰的现场测定,并在现场以手持式XRF对颗粒物中铁锰进行了测定,获得了该海域颗粒物中和海水中铁锰的分布。 相似文献