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通过对煤泥水动电电位的测试,推断出煤泥水的胶粒结构.通过对各种降低ζ电位的混凝剂的测试,得出钙盐是理想的混凝剂.确定了用PAM与CaCl2联用治理煤泥水的新方法. 相似文献
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Spatial variations of aluminum species in drinking water supplies in Xi’an
studied applying geographic information system 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This article aimed to investigate the variation of aluminum species and the effects of coagulant type and water quality on aluminum speciation in drinking water.Statistical analysis showed that the concentration of total aluminum(AlT) of drinking water in Xi'an ranged from 0.051 to 0.417 mg/L and the concentration of AlT in about 24.7% studied samples was higher than the currently recommended value(0.2 mg/L).The areas fed by surface water plants had a larger portion(39.4%) of samples over the recommended value.In drinking water treated by alum coagulant,the average concentration of monomeric aluminum(Ala) was higher than that in water treated by poly aluminum chlorine(PACl) and poly aluminum ferric chloride(PAFC).The average concentrations of polynuclear aluminum(Alb) and colloidal/suspended aluminum(Alc) in the drinking water treated by alum were lower than those in water treated by PACl and PAFC.There was a notable decrease in AlT along with the delivery pipeline away from the plants,with an average decline of about 36 μg/(L·km).Besides coagulant type,water quality also could afflect aluminum speciation.In drinking water without orthophosphate,the concentrations of Ala and AlT were positively correlated with pH;while,in drinking water with orthophosphate,the concentrations of Ala and AlT were negatively correlated with pH.The addition of orthophosphate salts in the drinking water treatment process would be an effective method for aluminum control in pH range 6.5-8.2. 相似文献
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Advanced lignin-acrylamide water treatment agent by pulp and paper industrial sludge:Synthesis, properties and application 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Hongyan Rong Baoyu Gao Yanxia Zhao Shenglei Sun Zhonglian Yang Yan Wang Qinyan Yue Qian Li 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2013,25(12):2367-2377
A novel flocculant LA (lignin-acrylamide polymer), which was used as aid for aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride in this study, was prepared by grafting acrylamide onto lignin that deriving from pulp and papermaking sludge. Physicochemical properties of LA were measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The experimental outcome indicated acrylamide was grafted onto the lignin backbone successfully. The effects of LA addition were evaluated on coagulation performance and floc characteristics as a function of aluminum (Al) dosage, such as floc size, growth rate, strength and recoverability. Effects of different dosing sequences, Al dosed first and LA dosed first, were also investigated. LA used as coagulant aid markedly enhanced the removal efficiency of turbidity and dissolved organic carbon, especially at low Al dosages. The dissolved organic carbon removal efficiencies of aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride at the Al dosage range selected in this study were improved more than 30% and 5% by LA, respectively. LA dramatically enlarged floc size and it was in the order: Al dosed first 〉 LA dosed first 〉 Al. Floc strength and recoverability were also improved by LA. LA played a significant role in charge neutralization, adsorption and bridging in floc formation. 相似文献
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壳聚糖及其衍生物对染料废水的脱色研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
利用羧甲基壳聚糖(NOCC)复配聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)对3种水溶性染料模拟废水进行絮凝脱色处理,研究了溶液的酸度、絮凝剂与助凝剂的投加量等因素对脱色率的影响。实验结果表明,引入PAM作为助凝剂的脱色效果优于单纯使用羧甲基壳聚糖。处理此染料废水的最佳pH值为2.3,羧甲基壳聚糖的质量浓度为480mg/L,PAM投加量为4~8mg/L。在此优化条件下,复合絮凝剂对三种染料废水的脱色率为99%,COD去除率为90%;用壳聚糖/稀土复合膜处理染料废水时,对直接黑FF、还原红F3B染料废水的脱色率分别达到94.7%和98.2%,明显优于单纯壳聚糖膜。 相似文献
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Aluminum salt coagulants were used prevalently in various water works.In this article,the effects of filtration on residual aluminum concentration and species distribution were researched by determining the concentration of diiferent aluminum species before and after single layer filter,double layer filter,and membrane filtration units.In the research,size exclusion chromatography(SEC)was used to separate colloidal and soluble aluminum,ion exchange chromatography(IEC)was used to separate organic and inorganic aluminum, and inductivity coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)was used to determine the aluminum concentration.The results showed that the rapid filtration process had the ability of removing residual aluminum from coagulant effluent water,and that double layer filtration was more effective in residual aluminum removal than single layer filtration,while nano filtration was more effective than micro filtration.It was found that when the residual aluminum concentration was below 1mg/L in sediment effluent,the residual aluminum concentration in treated water was above 0.2 mg/L.The direct rapid filtration process mainly removed the suspended aluminum.The removal of soluble and colloidal aluminum was always less than 10% and the natural small particles that adsorbed the amount of soluble or small particles aluminum on their surface were difficult to be removed in this process.Micro filtration and nano filtration were good technologies for removing aluminum;the residual aluminum concentration in the effluent was less than 0.05 mg/L. 相似文献
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为进一步提高饮用水水质,通过系统研究筛选混凝剂及优化混凝过程来达到高效去除污染物,以提供经济合理的水处理工艺途径.结果表明:新型药剂具有显著提高出水水质的性能,改善了沉淀后水体颗粒物的粒度分布特征,提高了过滤效率.同时表现出明显优越的去除有机物能力,传统工艺TOC去除大约在9%~11%,而新型药剂则可以达到17%~20%.应用树脂分离分级对不同有机物表征的结果也得到进一步证实.原水的TTHMFP为20.98μg/L,而原有工艺为11.01μg/L,使用新药剂后仅为6.40μg/L.使用新药可以明显节约成本,具有显著的经济效益,同时降低生产工艺的复杂性. 相似文献