活性炭负载TiO2催化剂对直接耐酸大红4BS溶液的光催化降解研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了活性炭负载型TiO2催化剂,采用了XRD、BET和SEM对催化剂进行表征。研究了催化剂对直接耐酸大红4BS的紫外光催化降解,比较了活性炭、P25和TiO2／AC对4BS溶液的降解能力,探讨了催化剂煅烧温度和投加量以及染料溶液的初始浓度对光催化降解率的影响,并对催化剂进行了回收再生实验。结果表明,500℃下煅烧的TiO2／AC催化剂比表面积为1147．88m^2／g、TiO2粒径为21．9nm、晶相组成以锐钛矿为主,具有良好的光催化活性和稳定性;90min后2g／L催化剂对150mg／L的4BS溶液紫外光催化降解率达到99．8％。     

磁性微球负载光催化剂制备及处理造纸废水研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法,在磁性颗粒表面包覆TiO2,制备了易于固液分离的磁载光催化剂TiO2/SiO2/Fe3O4,通过XRD和TEM对产物的晶体结构、晶粒大小、形貌进行了表征,讨论了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、催化剂用量和光照时间等对TiO2光催化剂处理造纸废水的影响。结果表明:焙烧温度为500℃、焙烧时间3.5h时,光催化活性最高;催化剂用量为2.5g/L,光照时间4h时TiO2降解造纸废水的能力最强。     

Photocatalytic degradation of dye effluent by titanium dioxide pillar pellets in aqueous solution

Photocatalytic oxidation (PCO) process is an effective way to deal with organic pollutants in wastewater which could be difficult to be degraded by conventional biological treatment methods. Normally the TiO2 powder in nanometre size range was directly used as photocatalyst for dye degradation in wastewater. However the titanium dioxide powder was arduous to be recovered from the solution after treatment. In this application, a new form of TiO2(i. e. pillar pellets ranging from 2.5 to 5.3 mm long and with a diameter of 3.7 mm) was used and investigated for photocatalytic degradation of textile dye effluent. A test system was built with a flat plate reactor(FPR) and UV light source(blacklight and solar simulator as light source respectively) for investigating the effectiveness of the new form of TiO2. It was found that the photocatalytic process under this configuration could efficiently remove colours from textile dyeing effluent. Comparing with the TiO2 powder, the pellet was very easy to recovered from the treated solution and can be reused in multiple times without the significant change on the photocatalytic property. The results also showed that to achieve the same photocatalytic performance, the FPR area by pellets was about 91% smaller than required by TiO2 powder. At least TiO2 pellet could be used as an alternative form of photocatalyst in applications for textile effluent treatment process, also other wastewater treatment processes.     

流化床光催化氧化处理印染废水中试研究

设计了1种流化床光催化氧化中试处理系统,制备了一种负载型TiO₂光催化剂.以高压汞灯为光源,选用难降解偶氮染料4BS和高分子化学浆料CMC配制的模拟印染废水为处理对象,考察了初始pH值、初始浓度以及光助催化剂H₂O₂浓度、Fe₃₊浓度对光催化降解效果的影响,并对有关的光催化反应动力学规律进行了探讨.结果表明,本工艺系统对配制的印染废水有较好的处理效果,光照74min色度去除率可超过80%,光照150min COD去除率可超过70%,BOD₅/COD可提高至0.4以上.     

TiO_2/beads as a photocatalyst for the degradation of X_(3B) azo dye

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TiO2/beads as a photocatalyst for the degradation of X3B azo dye

The feasibility of photocatalytic degradation of X3B azo dye by TiO2/beads photocatalyst was studied.The effects of parameters such as the amount of TiO2/beads,airflow ,as well as the concentrations of H2O2,Fe^3 ,Mg^2 and Na^ on the photocatalytic degradation of X3B azo dye were also studied.The results showed that 25mg/dm^3 X3B azo dye can be photocatalytically degraded completely by 30 min illumination with a 375W medium pressure mercury lamp.Adding a small amount of H2O2 or Fe^3 ,the efficiencies of photocatalytic degradation of X3B azo dye were increased rapidly.The mechanisms of the reaction and the role of the additives were also investigated.After 120 hours TiO2/beads showed no significant loss of the photocatalytic activity.     

TiO2纳米膜光催化深度处理城市污水的实验研究

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备光催化性能优良的TiO2纳米膜,应用X射线衍射仪分析了TiO2纳米膜的结构,探讨了铁离子和贵金属Ag、Pt掺杂对TiO2纳米膜光催化降解性能的影响,研究了TiO2纳米膜及掺杂改性TiO2纳米膜对生物二级处理系统出水中有机物光催化去除的性能。贵金属Ag、Pt掺杂提高了TiO2纳米膜光催化性能,而铁离子掺杂则降低了其催化性能。未掺杂的TiO2纳米膜使二级出水的COD下降8.9%,而贵金属Ag、Pt掺杂的TiO2纳米膜则使COD分别下降19.4%和22.3%。实验结果表明TiO2纳米膜有优良的光催化降解性能,TiO2纳米膜有广阔的应用前景。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化降解造纸废水的试验研究

以廉价的无机盐四氯化钛为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出纳米TiO2粉末作为光催化剂,在高压汞灯的光源照射下对河北省某造纸厂废水进行了光催化降解.考察了TiO2光催化剂的热处理温度、用量、pH值、反应时间等因素对废水COD降解率的影响.研究表明:经460℃热处理1 h的Ti02光催化效果较好,在COD浓度300 mg/L,...     

锰离子掺杂纳米二氧化钛的制备及在造纸废水处理中的应用

以无机盐无水四氯化钛为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的锰离子掺杂型纳米TiO2作为光催化剂,在高压汞灯的光源照射下对河北省某造纸厂废水进行光催化降解。考察Mn2+/TiO2光催化剂的热处理温度、掺杂量、用量及溶液pH值、光照时间等因素对废水COD降解率的影响。实验结果表明:经460℃热处理1h的Mn2+/TiO2光催化效果较好,在进水ρ(COD)为400 mg/L,初始pH值为4.0、光催化剂用量1.5g/L、光照时间9h条件下,COD去除率可达80.3%。经深度处理的造纸废水,可实现达标排放。     

催化湿式氧化法降解活性艳蓝的研究

以Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3为催化剂的非均相催化氧化体系处理活性艳蓝KN-R。考察了反应时间、反应温度、pH和Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3投加量等因素对降解效果的影响。结果表明,染料初始浓度为200mg/L时,在温度150℃、压力0.5MPa、H2O233mg/L、pH=6,反应时间1h,Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3投加量为8g/L的最佳条件下,活性艳蓝KN-R色度几乎完全去除,TOC和COD去除率分别为95.6%和82.5%。     

Ti-Zn催化剂合成及降解卷烟厂蒸叶废水的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶与水热相结合的方法合成了Ti-Zn复合催化剂,借助XRD、SEM、BET、UV-Vis等多种技术对其进行了表征,并将其用于卷烟厂蒸叶废水的光催化处理,考察了Ti-Zn比及投放量对催化剂光催化活性的影响规律。XRD分析表明,复合催化剂X射线衍射谱图中出现锐钛矿相TiO2的特征衍射峰,说明复合催化剂中的Ti以TiO2晶体形式存在,但谱图中并没有出现ZnO的特征衍射峰;UV-Vis吸收光谱表明,复合催化剂相比纳米TiO2其在紫外光区的吸收增强,即复合催化剂对光具有更高的利用率,但Ti-Zn比对复合催化剂吸收光谱影响不大。光催化实验表明,Ti-Zn复合催化剂的光催化活性明显高于纳米TiO2催化剂,且其光催化活性与Ti-Zn比及催化剂投放量有关,随着掺杂量及投放量的增加光催化活性均表现出了先增后降的变化趋势,当Ti-Zn比为10:1(摩尔比),投放量为1000mg/L左右时Ti-Zn复合催化剂对卷烟厂蒸叶废水表现出了较好的处理效果,废水COD去除率达到76.7%。     

混晶纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化降解有毒有机污染物

以无定形TiO2沉淀为前驱体,在水热条件下得到了含板钛矿(121)相混晶纳米TiO2,考察了水热反应的温度和时间等因素对含板钛矿型TiO2光催化活性的影响.采用XRD、TEM对制备的TiO2进行初步表征,并结合光催化(λ≤387 nm)降解有机染料的光活性探针反应.结果表明,水热温度为150℃,时间为24 h时,可制得具有较高光催化活性的纳米TiO2,其纳米尺寸为14.20 nm,板钛矿相含量63.6%,锐钛矿含量为36.4%.光催化实验中跟踪研究了其对染料酸性桃红(sulforhodmineB,SRB)的褪色及2,4-DCP的降解情况,并对降解中间产物H2 O2、.OH进行跟踪测定,实验结果表明板钛矿相混晶TiO2的光催化主要涉及.OH氧化历程,光照射9 h对SRB和2,4-DCP的矿化氧化分别达到89%和78%,循环5次光催化降解SRB实验,催化剂表现出较好的稳定性,催化性能无明显变化.     

Parameters e ect on heterogeneous photocatalysed degradation of phenol in aqueous dispersion of TiO2

Photocatalytic degradation of phenol selected as model compound of organic pollutant had been investigated in aqueous titanium dioxide (TiO2) dispersion under UV irradiation. The e ects of various parameters such as pH, catalyst concentration, phenol concentration, anions, metal ions, electron acceptors, and surfactants on the photocatalytic degradation of phenol were investigated. The degradation kinetics was determined by the change in phenol concentration employing UV-Vis spectrometry as a function of irradiation time. The degradation kinetics of phenol follows pseudo first-order kinetics. The results showed a significant dependence of the photocatalytic degradation of phenol on the functional parameters. The probable promising roles of the additives on the degradation process were discussed     

TiO_2光催化降解活性艳兰KN-R的研究

以纳米TiO2为光催化剂,以活性艳兰KN-R为模拟染料废水,研究了溶液pH值、TiO2投加量、H2O2用量及染料初始浓度对染料脱色率的影响。结果表明,活性艳兰KN-R的脱色率随溶液pH值的升高及染料初始浓度的降低而增大;TiO2和H2O2的投加量均存在一个最佳值,在本实验条件下,它们分别为0.5g/L和2.0×10-2mol/L,低于或超过该值都会导致染料脱色率的下降。在适宜的操作条件下,活性艳兰KN-R的脱色率可达98%以上,化学需氧量(COD)的去除率在70%以上。     

TiO_2/AC催化臭氧氧化处理水中的苯酚

研究了单独臭氧氧化及以活性炭(AC)和负载二氧化钛的活性碳(TiO2/AC)为催化剂催化臭氧氧化处理水中苯酚的效果。考察了AC、TiO2/AC对苯酚的吸附特性及三种方法对苯酚的转化率及矿化率效果及其臭氧利用效率,并对氧化过程进行了动力学分析。实验结果表明:AC、TiO2/AC对苯酚的吸附均较好地符合Freundlich方程;催化臭氧氧化转化苯酚的效果高于单独臭氧氧化;TiO2/AC作催化剂有利于苯酚的最终矿化,同时提高了臭氧的利用效率;3种氧化反应均较好的符合二级动力学方程,TiO2/AC催化臭氧氧化苯酚的二级动力学常数为0.0001L/(mg.min),高于单独臭氧氧化0.00004L/(mg.min)和AC催化臭氧氧化0.00006L/(mg.min)。     

铁离子掺杂TiO2薄膜光催化降解无水肼废水的研究

研究Fe^3＋掺杂的TiO2薄膜对无水脐废水光催化降解作用,考察了影响Fe^3＋掺杂的TiO2薄膜光催化降解无水肼废水的效果的相关因素,结果表明：当Fe^3＋掺杂TiO2薄膜的摩尔分数为0．5％,煅烧温度为500℃,煅烧时间为3h,并且无水肼废水为中性或弱碱性,催化降解温度在30℃左右时,Fe^3＋掺杂的TiO2薄膜的催化效果最好。     

FeY催化剂光助Fenton法降解亚甲基蓝染料废水

文章以NaY分子筛为载体,通过离子交换法制备FeY催化剂,并对其在非均相光-Fenton体系中催化降解亚甲基蓝染料废水进行了研究,考察其催化降解性能、重复性和再生性。结果表明,在反应温度为25℃、FeY催化剂投加量为1 g/L、H2O2浓度为4 mmol/L、pH为4、UV光照射60 min时,非均相体系对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率分别达到97%和84%。通过比较发现,相对于黑暗条件,太阳光和UV光都能显著提高降解效率,并且两种光源效果相当。FeY催化剂比均相催化剂具有更高的催化活性,并且脱附率低,重复性较好,经500℃焙烧2 h的再生催化剂对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率均可达原来的90%以上。     

TiO2/ZSM-5m光催化耦合过硫酸盐降解焦化尾水的研究

以具有介孔结构的沸石分子筛ZSM-5m负载纳米TiO2制备出复合型光催化剂,用扫描电镜、比表面及孔径分析仪和X射线衍射对形貌和结构进行表征,通过序批试验考察了TiO2/ZSM-5m/过硫酸盐体系深度降解焦化生化处理出水中残余有机污染物(ROPs)的效果和机理.结果表明,在COD初始平均浓度为352mg/L,TiO2/ ZSM-5m投加量为1.6g/L,pH值为3.0,C(Na2S2O8)为0.8g/L,常温下反应180min,COD出水平均浓度为76.3mg/L,去除率达到78.2 %,在上述优化条件下可达到现行污染物排放标准.ROPs光催化符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood模型,推测具有微介双孔结构的催化剂表面电子易被S2O82-俘获,降低空穴与电子的复合率,促进了·OH 和SO4-·形成,对ROPs的吸附和光降解有较大的强化作用.用GC-MS对处理前后废水中的污染物进行测定以揭示降解与转化规律,发现苯类特征污染物能有效降解,但产生的中间产物明显增多.     

纳米TiO_2光催化降解印染废水的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米TiO2光催化剂,并用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜对制备的TiO2进行结构表征。详细考察了照射时间、废水初始浓度、TiO2用量、pH、光源种类、H2O2、H2O2/Fe2+对实际印染废水的降解效果。研究结果表明:当反应时间为3h时,印染废水COD去除率为95.9%,脱色率达100%;印染废水的脱色率和COD去除率与印染废水的初始浓度成反比关系;TiO2光催化剂最佳用量为80mg/L;印染废水最佳降解的pH为6.0。当添加辅助氧化剂H2O2用量为600mg/L时,能进一步提高印染废水的COD去除率,特别是H2O2和Fe2+共同作用下,COD去除率达到99.%。     

Fe~(3+)掺杂TiO_2薄膜的制备及光催化降解甲醛的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备Fe3+掺杂的TiO2薄膜光催化剂,进行甲醛的光催化实验,考察Fe3+掺杂量、薄膜焙烧温度及溶胶体系pH值对光催化性能的影响。结果表明,Fe3+掺杂量为1.0%,焙烧温度500℃1h,加硝酸溶胶体系pH=4时,Fe3+掺杂TiO2薄膜光催化活性最高。