Adsorption of herbicide triclopyr on homoionic clays

ＡｄｓｏｒｐｔｉｏｎｏｆｈｅｒｂｉｃｉｄｅｔｒｉｃｌｏｐｙｒｏｎｈｏｍｏｉｏｎｉｃｃｌａｙｓＬｉｕＷｅｉｐｉｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｓｔｒｙ，ＺｈｅｊｉａｎｇＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｈａｎｇｚｈｏｕ３１００２７，Ｃｈｉｎａ）ＡｌｂａＰｕ...     

钙预处理对磁性锆铁改性膨润土吸附水中磷酸盐的影响

本研究制备了2种不同Ca2+含量的磁性锆铁改性膨润土(ZrFeBTs),即磁性锆铁改性原始膨润土(ZrFeRBT)和磁性锆铁改性钙预处理膨润土(ZrFeCaBT),并通过吸附实验考察了ZrFeRBT和ZrFeCaBT对水中磷酸盐的吸附特征,以确定Ca2+预处理对ZrFeBTs吸附水中磷酸盐的影响。结果发现,本研究所制备的ZrFeBTs包含Fe3O4和Zr,并且ZrFeCaBT中可交换Ca2+的含量明显高于ZrFeRBT。ZrFeBTs对水中磷酸盐吸附平衡实验数据可以很好地采用Langmuir等温吸附模型加以描述,动力学实验数据可以很好地采用准二级动力学模型和颗粒内扩散模型进行描述。根据Langmuir模型确定的ZrFeRBT和ZrFeCaBT对水中磷酸盐的最大单位吸附量(以磷计)分别为8.70mg·g-1和11.5mg·g-1。ZrFeBTs吸附水中磷酸盐的过程属于化学吸附。随着pH值的增加,ZrFeBTs对水中磷酸盐的吸附效果逐渐降低。当溶液共存Cl-、HCO3-、SO42-、NO3-、Na+、K+、Mg2+和Ca2+等阴阳离子时,ZrFeBTs对水中磷酸盐的吸附具有很好的选择性,并且溶液共存的Ca2+会极大地促进了ZrFeBTs对水中磷酸盐的吸附。采用Ca2+对膨润土进行预处理,极大地提高了ZrFeBTs对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力。     

锆负载颗粒沸石改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附行为

通过批量吸附实验考察了锆负载颗粒沸石改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附特征,并采用分级提取法分析了被改良底泥中锆负载颗粒沸石所吸附磷酸盐的形态分布特征.结果发现,与Freundlich和Dubinin-Radushkevich模型相比,Langmuir模型可以更好地用于描述改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附等温行为.改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附动力学过程可以较好地采用准二级动力学模型和Elovich模型加以描述,膜扩散和颗粒内扩散共同构成了缓慢吸附阶段速率的限制步骤.溶液共存的SO_4~(2-)和HCO_3~-降低了改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附,而共存的Na~+、K~+、Mg~(2+)和Ca~(2+)却增强了对磷酸盐的吸附,且Ca~(2+)的增强效果大于Mg~(2+),后者的增强效果又大于Na~+和K~+.改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力明显强于未改良底泥,前者的最大单位吸附量为336 mg·kg~(-1),明显高于后者的最大单位吸附量(215 mg·kg~(-1)).被改良底泥中锆负载颗粒沸石所吸附的磷酸盐主要以较为稳定的NaOH-P和最为稳定的Res-P形态存在,不容易被重新释放出来.上述的研究结果显示,向底泥中添加锆负载颗粒沸石可以显著增加底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力,锆负载颗粒沸石是一种有希望的可以用于底泥内源磷释放控制的底泥改良剂.     

Adsorption of chloroacetanilide herbicides on soil and its components Ⅲ. Influence of clay acidity, humic acid coating and herbicide structure on acetanilide herbicide adsorption on homoionic clays

Adsorption of chloroacetanilide herbicides on homoionic montmorillonite, soil humic acid, and their mixtures was studied by coupling batch equilibration and FT-IR analysis. Adsorption isotherms of acetochlor, alachlor, metolachlor and propachlor on Ca²⁺-, Mg²⁺ -. Al³⁺ -and Fe³⁺ -saturated clays were well described by the Freundlich equation. Regardless of the type of exchange cations, Kf decreased in the order of metolachlor ＞ acetolachlor ＞ alachlor ＞ propachlor on the same clay. FT-IR spectra showed that the carbonyl group of the herbicide molecule was involved in binding, probably via H-bond with water molecules in the clay interlayer. The type and position of substitutions around the carbonyl group may have affected the electronegativity of oxygen, thus influencing the relative adsorption of these herbicides. For the same herbicide, adsorption on clay increased in the order of Mg²⁺ ＜ Ca²⁺ ＜ Al³⁺ ≤ Fe³⁺ which coincided with the iucreasing aciditv of homoionic clays. Acidity of cations may have affected the protonation of water, and thus the strength of H-bond between the clay water and herbicide. Complexation of clay and humic acid resulted in less adsorption than that expected from independent adsorption by the individual constituents. The effect varied with herbicides, but the greatest decrease in adsorption occurred at a 60:40 clay-to-humic acid ratio for all the herbicides. Causes for the decreased adsorption need to be characterized to better understand adsorption mechanisms and predict adsorption from soil compositions.     

新型铁铜铝三元复合氧化物除磷性能与机制研究

采用共沉淀法制备了一种新型铁铜铝三元复合氧化物吸附剂,系统研究了其对磷的吸附行为,并对吸附磷前后的吸附剂进行了表征.吸附实验结果表明,铁铜铝三元复合氧化物对磷具有优异的吸附去除效能,Freundlich吸附等温线模型能更好地拟合其对磷的吸附,最大吸附量为62.6 mg·g-1(pH=7.0),显著高于多数文献报道的磷吸附剂;吸附速率较快,吸附动力学更符合Elovich模型;溶液pH对磷吸附有一定影响,随着pH的升高,磷吸附量降低,离子强度则影响不大;共存阴离子对磷吸附具有抑制作用,影响的大小顺序为SiO_3~(2-)SO_4~(2-)CO_3~(2-)Cl~-,而共存阳离子Ca2+和Mg2+则对磷吸附略有促进作用.Zeta电位、红外谱图(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征分析表明,磷在铁铜铝三元复合氧化物表面发生了特性吸附,磷酸根主要通过取代复合氧化物表面的羟基形成内表面络合物而被吸附去除.溶出实验结果表明,当pH在5.0~8.5范围内,Fe~(3+)、Cu~(2+)、Al~(3+)的溶出量均较低.由此可知,铁铜铝三元复合氧化物是一种具有良好应用前景的除磷吸附剂.     

Adsorption of acetanilide herbicides on soil and its components. II. Adsorption and catalytic hydrolysis of diethatyl-ethyl on saturated Na(+)-, K(+)-, Ca(2+)-, and Mg(2+)-montmorillonite

Adsorption and catalytic hydrolysis of the herbicide diethatyl-ethyl [N-chloroacetyl-N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)glycine ethyl ester] on homoionic Na⁺-, K⁺-, Ca²⁺-, and Mg²⁺-montmorillonite clays were investigated in water solution. The Freundlich adsorption coefficient, Kf, got from isotherms on clay followed the order of Na⁺ K⁺ > Mg²⁺ Ca²⁺. Analysis of FT-IR spectra of diethatyl-ethyl adsorbed on clay suggests probable bonding at the carboxyl and amide carbonyl groups of the herbicide. The rate of herbicide hydrolysis in homoionic clay suspensions followed the same order as that for adsorption, indicating that adsorption may have preceded and thus caused hydrolysis. Preliminary product identification showed that hydrolysis occurred via nucleophilic substitution at the carboxyl carbon, causing the cleavage of the ester bond and formation of diethatyl and its dechlorinated derivative, and at the amide carbon, yielding an ethyl ester derivative and its acid.These pathways also suggest that hydrolysis of diethatyl-ethyl was catalyzed by adsorption on the clay surface.     

不同植被类型及土壤对径流水化学特征的影响

在不同植被类型覆盖条件下,对降雨形成地表径流和地下径流的化学成分变化及其与土壤剖面性质的关系进行分析,结果表明:地表径流和地下径流的化学特征与雨水基本相同,阳离子主要以Ca²⁺为主,离子排序为Ca²⁺>K⁺>Na⁺>Mg²⁺>NH₄⁺,阴离子以SO₄^2-为主,SO₄^2->NO₃^->Cl^-.降雨形成地表径流和地下径流后,各成分浓度发生了明显的变化,水体中主要的阴阳离子如Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺、Na⁺、SO₄^2-、Cl^-等浓度增加,与雨水相比为内贮型化学成分,地下径流中Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、SO₄^2-和Cl^-增加的幅度显著高于地表径流.相关分析结果显示,地下径流pH受到土壤pH的强烈影响,受土壤胶体吸附的影响,水体中Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺、K⁺、Na⁺等阳离子与土壤交换性阳离子之间一般呈负相关的关系,由于阴离子容易随水流失,水体中SO₄^2-、NO₃^-和Cl^-与土壤相关离子之间普遍呈正相关关系.     

壳聚糖/聚乙二醇/丙烯酸吸附剂对Cu2+、Co2+和Ni2+的吸附选择性和重复利用性

采用扫描电镜(SEM)和红外光谱(FT-IR)对辉光放电电解等离子体(GDEP)技术引发制备的壳聚糖/聚乙二醇/丙烯酸(CS/PEG/AA)聚合物吸附剂的形貌和结构进行了表征.研究了该吸附剂对Cu~(2+)、Co~(2+)和Ni~(2+)的吸附选择性、重复利用性和解吸动力学行为,同时结合X射线光电子能谱(XPS)探讨了可能的吸附机理.结果表明,CS、PEG和AA发生接枝共聚形成聚合物,其表面呈现疏松、多孔的三维网络结构;吸附最佳pH为4.8;在含有Cu~(2+)、Co~(2+)和Ni~(2+)的混合溶液中,CS/PEG/AA对Cu~(2+)有较好的吸附选择性;在EDTA-4Na洗脱液中CS/PEG/AA具有优异的再生和重复利用性,解吸动力学符合解吸准二级模型;Cu~(2+)在CS/PEG/AA上的吸附是由离子交换、配位螯合等共同作用的复杂的物理化学过程.     

Effects of bile salts and divalent cations on the adsorption of norfloxacin by agricultural soils

The effects of bile salts （sodium cholate and sodium deoxycholate, 0-20 mmol/L）, divalent cations （Ca^2＋, Mg^2＋, Cu^2＋ and Zn^2＋, 0-20 mmol/L） or pH （3.0-10.0） on the adsorption of norfloxacin by three selected soils （Paddy_H, Paddy_G and Red_J） were systematically studied. Soil adsorption of norfloxacin follows a pseudo second-order kinetics model, and the maximum adsorption capacity has been determined from the nonlinear fit of the Langmuir isotherm model to be 88.8, 88.1 and 63.0 μmol/g for the adsorption onto Paddy_H, Paddy_G and Red_J, respectively. The results indicate that norfloxacin has a high adsorption affinity for the agricultural soils tested and that the organic content of these soils have at least a slight influence on this adsorption. The adsorption of norfloxacin to soils was strongly dependent on pH and exhibited a maximum at approximately pH 6. The presence of divalent cations prominently suppressed the adsorption of norfloxacin by paddy soils, which followed an order of Cu^2＋ 〉 Mg^2＋ 〉 Ca^2＋ 〉 Zn^2＋, and by red soil, which followed an order of Cu^2＋ 〉 Zn^2＋ 〉 Ca^2＋ 〉 Mg^2＋. The adsorption of norfloxacin （by the soils studied） sharply decreased as the amount of bile salts was increased. For uncharged norfloxacin at environmentally relevant pH values, such factors as soil type, exogenous divalent cations and macromolecules significantly altered the environmental fate and transport of norfloxacin between aquatic and soil interfaces.     

中亚热带常绿阔叶林湿沉降过程中盐基离子变化特征

基于野外实验和室内实验相结合的方法,于2012年9月至2013年8月对四面山常绿阔叶林大气降水、穿透水、地表枯透水、土壤渗滤液进行了持续一年的森林不同层次盐基离子季节动态变化特征的研究.结果表明,四面山大气降水全年pH平均值为4.90,最大值为5.14,大气降水明显偏酸性;土壤层和林冠层能使降雨的p H值有所升高,其中土壤层对p H值的调升幅度最大,其次为森林冠层;森林冠层只对Na~+有一定的截留作用,降雨能够淋溶森林冠层的Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、K~+;研究结果也表明,枯枝落叶的降解是导致各盐基离子质量浓度在枯透水中增加的主要原因;枯透水下渗的过程淋溶了森林土壤中的Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Na~+.四面山大气降水经过森林生态系统后Ca~(~(2+))、Mg~(2+)、Na~+、K~+的总截留率分别为33.82%、-7.06%、74.36%、42.87%,森林生态系统对Ca~(2+)、Na~+、K~+表现出了截留作用,其中对Na~+截留率最大.     

Chemical characteristics of acidified waters in southwest China

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2,4,4'-三溴联苯醚的光降解研究

以固相微萃取(SPME)结合气相色谱(GC)、气相色谱-质谱联用(GC/MS)技术作为分析检测手段,研究光源、有机溶剂、无机盐与腐殖酸对BDE-28光降解的影响,实验结果表明,光源是影响其降解的主要因素,其次,丙酮、铜离子和腐殖酸对其降解的影响较显著.光源对BDE-28光降解速率的影响为300 W汞灯500 W金卤灯100 W汞灯500 W氙灯;有机溶剂对BDE-28降解速率的影响为甲醇/水(1∶1)甲醇己烷甲苯乙腈丙酮;无机离子的影响各有差别:K+、Na+、SO2-4、NO-3、Cl-对BDE-28降解影响不明显,而Fe3+、NH+4促进BDE-28的降解,Fe2+、Cu2+、Br-抑制BDE-28的降解;腐殖酸抑制BDE-28的降解.     

Japanese Papilio butterflies puddle using Na+ detected by contact chemosensilla in the proboscis

Many butterflies acquire nutrients from non-nectar sources such as puddles. To better understand how male Papilio butterflies identify suitable sites for puddling, we used behavioral and electrophysiological methods to examine the responses of Japanese Papilio butterflies to Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺. Based on behavioral analyses, these butterflies preferred a 10-mM Na⁺ solution to K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ solutions of the same concentration and among a tested range of 1?mM to 1?M NaCl. We also measured the ion concentrations of solutions sampled from puddling sites in the field. Na⁺ concentrations of the samples were up to 6?mM, slightly lower than that preferred by butterflies in the behavioral experiments. Butterflies that sipped the 10?mM Na⁺ solution from the experimental trays did not continue to puddle on the ground. Additionally, butterflies puddled at sites where the concentrations of K⁺, Ca²⁺, and/or Mg²⁺ were higher than that of Na⁺. This suggests that K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Mg²⁺ do not interfere with the detection of Na⁺ by the Papilio butterfly. Using an electrophysiological method, tip recordings, receptor neurons in contact chemosensilla inside the proboscis evoked regularly firing impulses to 1, 10, and 100?mM NaCl solutions but not to CaCl₂ or MgCl₂. The dose?Cresponse patterns to the NaCl solutions were different among the neurons, which were classified into three types. These results showed that Japanese Papilio butterflies puddle using Na⁺ detected by the contact chemosensilla in the proboscis, which measure its concentration.     

pH和共存阳离子对草莓茎吸附水体氨氮的影响

为了开发新型氨氮吸附剂和探讨环境因素对氨氮吸附的影响,以草莓茎为吸附材料,通过批平衡法研究了不同初始pH、共存阳离子、初始浓度和温度下氨氮去除的特点.结果表明,等温吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich这2种模型,理论最大吸附量qm在15、25和35℃下分别为3.05、4.24和4.79 mg.g-1.温度升高有利于草莓茎对氨氮的吸附.草莓茎吸附氨氮最适初始pH为4～8.低pH减少草莓茎表面负电荷,高pH减少溶液中NH 4+的含量,都减少氨氮的吸附.草莓茎对溶液pH的缓冲则缓和了两者对氨氮吸附的影响.共存阳离子K+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+对草莓吸附铵离子没有竞争作用,而Zn2+、Al3+则由于其水解降低溶液的pH而显著降低草莓茎对氨氮的吸附.草莓茎吸附氨氮的应用pH范围较广且不易受废水中常见金属阳离子的干扰,说明草莓茎不仅可以作为废水中氨氮的吸附剂原料,而且较大多数矿物原料还有其自身的优势.     

钛酸盐纳米管对水中氨氮的吸附特性

以P25和Na OH为原料,采用水热法制备钛酸盐纳米管(TNTs),利用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)对材料的组成和形貌进行表征,通过其对水中氨氮的静态吸附实验,考察TNTs对水中氨氮的吸附特性及规律.结果表明碱浓度为10mol·L-1时,可以获得管长约120 nm,管径约为8 nm的钛酸盐纳米管,其对氨氮的平衡吸附量达到10. 67 mg·g-1. p H值介于3～8时,TNTs能有效地吸附水中的氨氮.吸附过程在1 h基本达到平衡,符合准二级动力学方程.颗粒内扩散方程拟合结果发现,TNTs对氨氮的吸附过程由表面吸附和颗粒内扩散共同控制. Temkin方程能较好地描述TNTs对氨氮的吸附行为.热力学实验表明钛酸盐纳米管对氨氮的吸附是自发进行的吸热过程.共存阴阳离子对氨氮的吸附具有抑制作用,分别表现为SO_4~(2-) Cl~- H_2PO_4~-、K~+ Na~+ Ca~(2+).再生的钛酸盐纳米管对氨氮循环吸附5次仍有88. 64%的吸附效果.红外光谱(FT-IR)研究表明钛酸盐纳米管对氨氮的吸附机制是TNTs层间的Na~+与溶液中的NH_4~+之间发生离子交换.钛酸盐纳米管的优良循环使用性能和大吸附容量使得其能有效地去除水中氨氮.     

托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川径流水化学特征初步研究

利用2008年8月采集的样品,分析了托木尔峰青冰滩72号冰川径流水化学特征.结果表明,72号冰川水化学类型为HCO3--Ca2+型,其离子浓度顺序为:HCO3->SO24->Ca2+>Cl->Na+>NO3->Mg2+>K+>NH4+.主要离子浓度的变化趋势基本相同,影响河水离子浓度变化的原因主要是冰川表碛覆盖区和冰川侧脊区受到降水等引起的水岩相互作用使可溶性离子融入径流,而温度条件也是影响河流离子浓度的重要因素.此外,流量和离子浓度呈负相关关系.河水中离子的来源为3种类型,第一类为局地源的离子,包括Cl-、Na+、K+、Mg2+、HCO3-和SO24-;第二类为来源比较特殊,基本不受其它离子影响的NO3-;第三类为来源多样的Ca2+.岩石及土壤风化作用是控制河水离子变化的主要因素.     

常规金属离子对Fe3O4磁性纳米颗粒悬浮和沉降的影响

水体中的有机质、无机盐及酸碱度是影响纳米材料迁移转化的主要因素.考察了Na~+、Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)、Sr~(2+)和Ba~(2+)对Fe_3O_4磁性纳米材料(Magnetic Nanoparticles,MNPs)的沉降作用.结果表明,Fe_3O_4MNPs的沉降作用是水体pH、金属离子化合价、离子强度共同影响的结果.整体上,碱土金属离子较Na~+更能加速Fe_3O_4MNPs的沉降.当pH为5.0时,浓度低于1.0 mmol·L~(-1)的Na~+、Mg~(2+)和Ca~(2+)有助于Fe_3O_4MNPs的悬浮;当浓度大于1.0 mmol·L~(-1)时,较强的离子强度促使Fe_3O_4MNPs团聚,发生沉降.当pH为9.0时,碱土金属离子较Na~+更能促使Fe_3O_4MNPs聚沉.因此,纳米颗粒在水体中的扩散和聚沉需要综合考虑金属离子种类和浓度.     

Adsorption of chloroacetanilide herbicides on soil and its components Ⅲ. Influence of clay acidity, humic acid coating and herbicide structure on acetanilide herbicide adsorption on homoionic clays

Adsorption of chloroacetanilide herbicides on homoionic montmorillonite, soil humic acid, and their mixtures was studied by coupling batch equilibration and FT-IR analysis. Adsorption isotherms of acetochlor, alachlor, metolachlor and propachlor on Ca2 + -, Mg2 + -. Al3 + -and Fe3 + -saturated clays were well described by the Freundlich equation. Regardless of the type of exchange cations, Kf decreased in the order of metolachlor ＞ acetolachlor ＞ alachlor ＞ propachlor on the same clay. FT-IR spectra showed that the carbonyl group of the herbicide molecule was involved in binding, probably via H-bond with water molecules in the clay interlayer. The type and position of substitutions around the carbonyl group may have affected the electronegativity of oxygen, thus influencing the relative adsorption of these herbicides. For the same herbicide, adsorption on clay increased in the order of Mg2+ ＜ Ca2+ ＜ Al3+ ≤ Fe3+ which coincided with the iucreasing aciditv of homoionic clays. Acidity of cations may have affected the protonation of water, and thus the strength of H-bond between the clay water and herbicide. Complexation of clay and humic acid resulted in less adsorption than that expected from independent adsorption by the individual constituents. The effect varied with herbicides, but the greatest decrease in adsorption occurred at a 60:40 clay-to-humic acid ratio for all the herbicides. Causes for the decreased adsorption need to be characterized to better understand adsorption mechanisms and predict adsorption from soil compositions.     

四氧化三铁改性沸石改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附作用

研究了四氧化三铁(Fe_3O_4)改性沸石改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附特征,并通过形态分级提取法研究了改良底泥中Fe_3O_4改性沸石吸附磷后的形态分布特征.结果表明,与准一级和准二级动力学模型相比,Elovich模型更适合用于描述未改良和改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附动力学过程.未改良和改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的等温吸附实验数据可以采用Langmuir、Freundlich和Dubinin-Radushkevic模型进行描述.未改良和改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力随着pH值的增加而下降,且水中共存的阳离子会促进底泥对磷酸盐的吸附,促进作用的大小排序为Ca~(2+) Mg~(2+) K~+,而水中共存的HCO_3~-会抑制底泥对磷酸盐的吸附.未改良和改良底泥吸附水中磷酸盐的机制包括静电吸引作用和配位体交换作用,而改良底泥中Fe_3O_4改性沸石则主要依靠配位体交换作用吸附去除水中的磷酸盐.改良底泥对水中磷酸盐的吸附能力明显优于未改良底泥,并且前者的磷释放风险低于后者.改良底泥中Fe_3O_4改性沸石吸附磷酸盐后将近49. 4%的磷会以潜在可移动态磷形式存在,需要及时采用外加磁场作用将Fe_3O_4改性沸石从底泥中移出,以消除Fe_3O_4改性沸石上磷发生再次释放的风险.以上的研究结果初步显示,Fe_3O_4改性沸石适合作为一种底泥改良剂用于河道内源磷释放的控制.     

Cu2+和Pb2+在BS-12两性修饰膨润土上的吸附及其交互作用

两性表面修饰可以同时提高黏土矿物对有机物、重金属的吸附性能,研究两性修饰土对多种重金属共存条件下的吸附及交互作用对于其应用具有实际意义.采用红外光谱(FTIR)对膨润土(CK)和150BS-12修饰土(150BS-12)吸附金属离子前后进行表征,通过批处理法研究不同比例BS-12修饰膨润土对Cu~(2+)和Pb~(2+)在单一及Cu-Pb复合体系中的平衡吸附特征和差异,并探讨金属离子在修饰土样上的交互作用机制.结果表明,供试土样在单一及复合体系中对Cu~(2+)和Pb~(2+)的吸附量均呈150BS-12 100BS-12 50BS-12 CK的顺序,吸附均符合Freundlich和Langmuir模型; BS-12修饰更有利于Cu~(2+)的吸附,但Pb~(2+)在BS-12修饰土样上的吸附量及选择性系数均大于Cu~(2+); Cu-Pb复合体系中,两种金属离子存在相互拮抗的作用,BS-12修饰在减弱Pb~(2+)对Cu~(2+)的拮抗作用的同时增强了Cu~(2+)对Pb~(2+)的拮抗作用,但Pb~(2+)对Cu~(2+)的拮抗作用仍大于Cu~(2+)对Pb~(2+)的拮抗作用;温度升高、p H升高和离子强度降低均能增加对Cu~(2+)和Pb~(2+)的吸附,但其对两种金属离子的影响程度不同,也导致对金属离子间的交互作用产生影响.