PAC-MBR组合工艺处理城市污水

采用PAC-MBR组合工艺处理城市污水,考察了该工艺对COD、NH4+-N和浊度的去除效果,试验结果表明,在水温>26℃、DO>4.5mg/L及pH为6～9的条件下,组合工艺对COD、NH4+-N和浊度的去除效果较好,平均去除率分别达到88%、98%和98%以上,高于单独MBR工艺和常规工艺。出水COD约为22mg/L,NH4+-N<1mg/L,浊度<1NTU,水质优于中国建设部生活杂用水水质标准(CJ25.1-89)。已污染的膜可通过水反冲洗、水-酸洗、水-碱洗使膜通量恢复至新膜的43%、81%、89%。     

HRT对厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮效能的影响

利用UAFB反应器富集培养了厌氧氨氧化细菌,并在此基础上考察水力停留时间(HRT)对厌氧氨氧化系统处理效果的影响。结果表明:HRT对厌氧氨氧化系统影响较大,当HRT为4 h时,系统出水NH4+-N、NO2--N去除率降至65%~60%,出水浓度则分别为15 mg/L、20 mg/L,表明过短HRT会导致含氮污染物去除不完全;HRT为6 h时,系统中NH4+-N去除率均在95%以上,出水NH4+-N≈1 mg/L。系统中NO2--N去除率均在92%以上,出水NO2--N≤5 mg/L;当HRT继续延长至10 h,去除效果无明显变化,出水NH4+-N≈1 mg/L,NO2--N≤5 mg/L,NO3--N平均5.6 mg/L。因此,在该研究中HRT为6 h效果最佳,总氮容积去除负荷为0.57 kg/(m3·d),厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)反应器氨氮去除量、亚硝态氮去除量和硝态氮生成量之比为1∶1.19∶0.39。     

UBF-AOMBR处理垃圾渗滤液中试

采用UBF(厌氧复合床反应器)-AOMBR(缺氧/好氧膜生物反应器)工艺处理垃圾渗滤液,考察该工艺组合的可行性并作为该领域工程应用的参考。试验结果表明:当进水渗滤液COD浓度10000mg/L左右,NH4+-N浓度2000mg/L左右时,出水COD浓度为1000mg/L,出水NH4+-N浓度为50～100mg/L,COD总去除率>90%,NH4+-N去除率95%左右。UBF最大COD容积负荷为6～7kg/(m3.d)。pH、碱度、回流比是影响系统稳定运行的重要因素。当AOMBR系统MLSS>10000mg/L时,膜污染严重,采用酸、碱、NaClO溶液清洗后膜性能恢复为原来的75%左右。     

中空膜生物反应器处理港口含油废水的中试研究

采用中试规模的中空膜生物床处理混凝沉淀后港口含油废水。进水COD浓度为245⁵44mg/L,当HRT=4h时,出水COD平均浓度为146.5mg/L,平均去除率为64.2%;当HRT=8h时,出水COD平均浓度为133.4mg/L,平均去除率为64.6%。采用活性炭对MBR出水进行深度处理,处理后出水的COD浓度均小于130mg/L,NH4+-N浓度为1.2544mg/L,当HRT=4h时,出水COD平均浓度为146.5mg/L,平均去除率为64.2%;当HRT=8h时,出水COD平均浓度为133.4mg/L,平均去除率为64.6%。采用活性炭对MBR出水进行深度处理,处理后出水的COD浓度均小于130mg/L,NH4+-N浓度为1.2⁴.1mg/L,石油类污染物浓度为0.44.1mg/L,石油类污染物浓度为0.4⁰.9mg/L。MBR稳定运行期间,膜组件的操作负压稳定在0.03MPa以下,远低于化学清洗时的操作负压控制标准0.05Mpa。     

生物膜反应器厌氧氨氧化脱氮效能研究

利用厌氧氨氧化生物膜反应器,分别研究提高基质浓度和缩短水力停留时间(HRT)对提高反应器总氮容积去除负荷的影响。实验之前总氮容积去除负荷达到2.11kgN(/m·3d),总氮去除率为87.9%。以提高基质浓度的方式经过50d的培养,总氮容积去除负荷稳定在4.0kgN(/m·3d),进水总氮浓度从300mg/L逐渐提高到700mg/L,NH4+-N、NO2--N出水浓度分别达到70mg/L和100mg/L;以缩短HRT的方式经过55d的培养,总氮容积去除负荷达到7.0kgN(/m·3d),HRT由3h缩短至0.67h,NH4+-N、NO2--N出水浓度分别达到40mg/L和60mg/L。实验结果表明随着进水基质浓度的增加水中游离氨和亚硝酸的浓度随之增加,从而抑制厌氧氨氧化菌活性,不利于反应器脱氮效能的提高。在相同总氮容积负荷下缩短HRT有利于厌氧氨氧化细菌的富集,但过短的HRT容易导致微生物流失。     

两级臭氧氧化与活性炭组合深度处理工艺研究

以珠江源水为处理对象,考察了两级臭氧氧化与活性炭组合工艺的净水效果。结果表明:在原水NH4+-N、CODMn、NO2--N和浊度的平均值分别为1.44,3.46,0.172 mg/L和13.91NTU的情况下,炭滤出水NH4+-N、CODMn、NO2--N和浊度的平均值分别为0.04,0.13,0.002 mg/L和0.30NTU,相对于原水,组合深度处理工艺对上述指标的平均去除率分别为96.7%、66.4%、98.8%和97.8%,出水水质符合CJ94-2005《饮用净水水质标准》中规定的NH4+-N0.5mg/L,CODMn2.0 mg/L和浊度0.5NTU的标准限值。     

双污泥BCR反硝化同步脱氮除磷的试验研究

利用连续流双污泥生物澄清反应器(BCR)反硝化除磷系统,以模拟城市生活污水为处理对象,研究双污泥系统对COD、NH4+-N、TN的去除效果及不同NO3--N浓度对反硝化除磷的影响。试验结果表明:双污泥BCR反硝化除磷系统对COD、NH4+-N和TN具有良好的去除效果,平均去除率分别为83.22%、97.2%、75.47%。控制生物膜好氧硝化反应池中DO浓度为3、4、5 mg/L,池内NO3--N浓度分别达到22、30、38 mg/L,TP的平均出水浓度分别为2.11、0.96、2.69 mg/L。当硝化池中NO3--N浓度为30 mg/L时,系统的运行情况较好,出水TP的浓度相对较理想。     

UBAF-CMF用于生活污水的处理和回用

采用上流式曝气生物滤池(UBAF)和连续微滤分离膜(CMF)组合工艺,对生活污水进行处理后回用.UBAF-CMF工艺对CODcr,BOD5的去除率超过95%,对SS和NH3-N去除接近100%.出水中BOD5 与CODcr分别低于10mg/L和40mg/L,SS低于3mg/L,浊度小于0.5NTU,色度小于5度,TP低于0. 5mg/L,NH3-N低于2mg/L.系统运行结果表明生活污水经该组合工艺处理后,出水水质优良,符合生活杂用和市政杂用的要求.     

EGSB-MBR组合工艺处理糖蜜发酵废水效能研究

实验采用厌氧膨胀颗粒污泥床(EGSB)反应器与好氧膜生物反应器(MBR)组合工艺对糖蜜发酵废水进行处理.重点考察了组合工艺对发酵废水的处理效能,包括甲烷的产生效率、污染物(COD、NH4+-N和TN)的去除效能.实验结果表明:控温条件下[(35±1)℃]、进水COD约为2250mg/L、pH在为6.0左右时,EGSB对发酵废水的COD去除率可达75.6%,甲烷的容积产气速率为0.48m3/(m3·d).MBR在溶解氧(DO)为1~2mg/L左右时,采用曝气-搅拌交替运行方式处理EGSB出水,可以实现同步硝化反硝化,并且在曝气3h-搅拌1h交替运行条件下,NH4+-N、TN去除率分别为85.13%、58.57%,而最终COD去除率达到85%.     

复合式膜生物反应器处理城市污水及回用的特性研究

在以复合式膜生物反应器系统为基础,以模拟城市污水为处理对象。通过运行条件优化研究,系统获得了良好的出水水质,出水中SS、浊度及色度均未检出;出水中有机污染物和N、P的平均浓度分别为COD≤16.32 mg/L、BOD5≤3.45mg/L、NH3-N≤0.75 mg/L、TN≤10.13 mg/L、TP≤1.08 mg/L,其相应的平均去除率分别为≥95.58%、≥98.91%、≥97.19%、≥71.71%、≥71.31%,各项水质指标的去除率明显高于传统生物处理工艺。优良的出水完全能满足城市生活杂用对水质的要求。     

生物砂滤池对有机物和氨氮的去除

当在常规工艺前加生物预处理并取消预加氯时,砂滤池就成为生物砂滤池。与普通砂滤池相比其对有机物、氨氮和浊度的去除率都有很大的提高。实验以珠江源水为水源研究了生物砂滤池对高锰酸盐指数、NH3-N、NO2--N和浊度的去除,在实验期间生物砂滤池出水高锰酸盐指数、NH3-N、浊度平均值分别为1.32mg/L、0.098mg/L、0.171NTU,其相对于沉淀池出水的高锰酸盐指数、NH3-N、浊度的平均去除率分别为18.52%、72.93%、64.45%,而砂滤池出水NO2--N几乎检测不出来。滤池进水与出水溶解氧的变化也证明了砂滤池中生物的存在,并且生长状况良好。     

A pilot scale anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O MBR) for woolen mill dyeing wastewater treatment

A pilot-scale( 10 m^3/d) anoxic/oxic membrane bioreactor( A/O MBR) was tested for dyeing wastewater treatment of woolen mill without wasting sludge in 125 days operation. Results showed that the effluent quality was excellent, i.e. effluent COD less than 25 mg/L,BOD5 under 5 mg/L, turbidity lower than 0.65 NTU, and colour less than 30 DT, and met with the reuse water standard of China. The removal rates of COD, BOD5, colour, and turbidity were 92.4%, 98.4%, 74% and 98.9%, respectively. Constant-flux operation mode was carried out in this study, and backwash was effective for reducing membrane fouling and maintaining constant flux. Membrane fouling had heavy impact on energy consumption. More attention should be paid on pipe selection and design for the sidestream MBR system, too.     

气升循环分体式膜生物反应器再生回用厕所污水的研究

研究了分体浸没式膜生物反应器及其应用于厕所污水的再生回用.试验结果表明,在人水浓度COD440～970mg/L、BOD₅ 307～612mg/L、NH₃-N59～111mg/L的情况下,出水水质稳定,平均COD＜47mg/L、BOD₅＜8.5mg/L、NH₃-N＜20mg/L,处理水质达到建设部颁布的生活杂用水回用标准.研究了动力学参数污泥负荷、容积负荷和HRT对出水COD的影响,确定本试验较佳的污泥负荷和容积负荷分别为0.1kg/(kg·d)和1kg/(m³·d),HRT为7～8h.本文对污泥浓度、温度和产水时间与间歇时间比对膜通量的影响进行了测定与探讨.     

SAF-化学絮凝-微滤膜组合工艺处理高浓度生活污水的试验研究

采用SAF-化学絮凝-微滤分离膜组合工艺对高浓度生活污水进行处理.SAF处理系统对污染物的去除效果良好,CODCr,BOD5,SS和NH4 -N的去除率分别为92%,93%,90%和98%.SAF生物处理系统的出水再经化学絮凝和微滤分离膜深度处理后,CODCr,BOD5,NH4 -N,PO43--P的浓度分别低于40 mg/L,10mg/L,4mg/L,0.3mg/L;浊度小于0.5NTU,色度小于10度.试验结果表明该组合工艺处理后的污水水质优良,可满足生活杂用和市政杂用.     

Test of membrane bioreactor for waste water treatment in a petrochemical complex

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) used in water and waste water treatment is a developing technique for water pollution control and water reuse. This paper describes a membrane-bioreactor for treatment of waste water in a petrochemical complex. The experimental MBR was a lab scale one composed of an activated sludge bioreactor unit and an ultrafiltration membrane unit. The relationship of COD removal with MLSS and HRT in this MBR was studied. The effects of crossflow velocity, backwash interval and volume of flush liquid on the flux were discussed. The results showed that average removal of COD, oil, SS and turbidity in petrochemical waste water by the MBR was 91%, 86%, 92% and 99% respectively. The average removal of NH3-N and total phosphorous was 85% and 82%. A coefficient of COD removal, k, was 0.017-0.080 L/(mg.d). The membrane flux maintained higher than 60 L/hm2 bar for 34 days without chemical cleaning when the velocity of crossflow was 3.5-3.9 m/s and the backwash interval was 30 minutes and backwash duration at 20 seconds. The results indicated that it is feasible for MBR technology to be used in petrochemical waste water treatment. The treated water could be considered as a source used to make up water for industrial cooling system or to be reused for other purposes.     

Test of membrane bioreactor for waste water treatment in a petrochemical complex

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) used in water and waste water treatment is a developing technique for water pollution control and water reuse. This paper describes a membrane-bioreactor for treatment of waste water in a petrochemical complex. The experimental MBR was a lab scale one composed of an activated sludge bioreactor unit and an ultrafiltration membrane unit. The relationship of COD removal with MLSS and HRT in this MBR was studied. The effects of crossflow velocity, backwash interval and volume of flush liquid on the flux were discussed. The results showed that average removal of COD, oil, SS and turbidity in petrochemical waste water by the MBR was 91%, 86%, 92% and 99% respectively. The average removal of NH₃-N and total phosphorous was 85% and 82%. A coefficient of COD removal, k, was 0.017-0.080 L/(mg.d). The membrane flux maintained higher than 60 L/hm2 bar for 34 days without chemical cleaning when the velocity of crossflow was 3.5-3.9 m/s and the backwash interval was 30 minutes and backwash duration at 20 seconds. The results indicated that it is feasible for MBR technology to be used in petrochemical waste water treatment. The treated water could be considered as a source used to make up water for industrial cooling system or to be reused for other purposes.     

Treatment of a dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill using an A/O membrane bio-reactor

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两级曝气生物滤池用于生活污水的处理与研究

采用两级曝气生物滤池（BAF）工艺,对生活污水进行处理。试验研究了两级曝气生物滤池（BAF）工艺系统生物膜的培养过程和对CODC4,BOD5、SS、NH3-N等去除效果。试验结果表明生活污水经两级曝气生物滤池（BAF）工艺系统处理后,出水BOD,与CODC4分别低于10mg/L和40mg／L,SS小于10mg／L,浊度小于8NTU,色度小于15度,总磷小于3mg／L,NH3-N小于2mg／L,NO3-N小于5mg／L,细菌小于3个／mL,大肠杆菌未检出;CODCr,BOD5的去除率分别超过90％、95％,SS和NH3-N去除率接近100％,出水稳定,水质较好,符合国家污水综合排放的水质标准,有利于污水的再生利用。     

SBR法处理味精废水脱氮机理研究

味精生产过程中产生的废水有机物及氨氮含量较高,一直影响味精行业废水处理达标排放。文章采用SBR法对某企业味精废水进行处理,通过连续多周期的DO、pH、COD、NH3-N、NO3--N和TN跟踪研究,分析得到了该反应工艺的主要脱氮机理,确定该工艺在曝气反应阶段存在明显的同步好氧硝化反硝化。连续20个周期的进出水NH3-N与COD监测结果表明,该反应工艺能稳定运行并保证NH3-N和COD的脱除率分别达到98.9%和90%以上,出水NH3-N和COD分别稳定在5mg/L和100mg/L以下,远远低于国家味精行业废水排放标准。该研究表明此工艺具有很强的废水处理稳定性,可以在整个味精行业推广,并提出了在提高进水负荷、取消静置反硝化及缩短曝气反应时间上进一步优化SBR水处理工艺的建议。     

Treatment of a dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill using an A/O membrane bio-reactor

An anaerobic/oxic membrane bioreactor (A/O MBR) was used for treatment of dyeing wastewater from a woolen mill.COD and color of the wastewater were 54-473 mg/L and 40-400 dilution time (DT) respectively. The ratio of BOD5/COD was less than 0.13. By the A/O MBR process, the average removal of COD, BOD5, color and turbidity was 82％, 96％, 71％ and 99％, respectively. The average COD, BOD5, color and turbidity of effluent was 37 nag/L, 0.8 mg/L, 40 DT and 0.44 NUT respectively. The effluent COD met the local standard of reuse water in Beijing, China. The average COD volume load of the anaerobic biological tank was 0. 0483 kgCOD/(m3·d) and that of the aeration tank of the MBR was 0. 3589 kgCOD/(m3·d). The sludge load of the MBR was 0.19 kgCOD/(kg· MLSS· d) on average and the maximum of that was 0.4 kgCOD/( kg· MLSS· d).The flux of the A/O membrane bioreactor could be remained at larger than 50 L/(h· m2· 0.1MPa). The results indicated that A/O membrane bioreactor has technical feasibility for treatment of woolen mill wastewater.