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1.
应用沥青凝聚装置和静电回收净化技术,处理铝厂排出的含有氟,氟化和物,沥青的烟气及粉尘,即能净化有害烟气又能回收有价值的工业原料,处理后的各项指标为:粉尘排放浓度≤150mg/m^3,沥青烟的排放浓度≤80mg/m^3,氟化物的排放浓度≤11mg/m^3.  相似文献   

2.
简述了陶瓷废气处理的技术方案、工艺流程及其废气净化装置的结构组成。以某陶瓷厂白烟废气治理为实例,废气净化装置对废气中白烟的去除效果明显,SO2和烟尘浓度从处理前的568·8mg/Nm3和324·6mg/Nm3降低到76·2·0mg/Nm3和122·4mg/Nm3,去除率分别达到86·6%和54·6%,处理后的SO2和烟尘排放浓度都达到《工业窑炉大气污染物排放标准》(GB/9078-1996)的二级标准。试验结果表明,该废气净化装置及技术解决了陶瓷行业废气的白烟污染,并具有较好的脱硫除尘效果。  相似文献   

3.
生物法净化处理高流量负荷下低浓度甲苯废气初探   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
对生物膜填料塔净化处理高流量负荷下低浓度甲苯废气的技术进行了初步实验研究探讨,结果表明:当气体流量在0.8m^3/h、进口浓度为105mg/m^3、停留时间18.3s时,甲苯的去除率可达到61.90%,出口甲苯浓度低于GB16297-1996《大气污染物综合排放标准》(≤60mg/m^3)。适宜的操作温度应控制在19~25℃之间,氮磷营养添加量的配比应控制为C:N:P=200:5:1。结合实验研究,对相关的基础理论问题进行了初步探讨。  相似文献   

4.
通过对硫酸法钛白粉生产的尾气净化治理工程的设计,提出了采用冷却、过滤、液体吸收和除雾三级净化装置,处理爆发性、高温、高浓度酸性气体。经运行结果表明,经处理后废气的污染物可达到国家排放标准,硫酸雾排放浓度<260mg/m~3,排气温度<50℃,净化系统的效率达到90%。  相似文献   

5.
生物膜填料塔净化甲醛有机废气实验初探   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
在综述目前国内外净化甲醛有机废气方法的基础上,着重对生物膜填料塔净化甲醛有机废气进行了研究。初步实验研究结果表明,在入口气体甲醛浓度为5~25mg/m^3、气体流量为0.10~0.60m^3/h、循环液体喷淋量为10~40L/h的实验范围内,生物膜填料塔对气体中甲醛的净化效率可达到75%左右。这表明采用国内现  相似文献   

6.
在30Nm^3/h中试装置上研究了聚酯生产废气在Cu—Mn催化剂上的催化燃烧。研究表明,应用催化燃烧工艺能够连续平稳处理聚酯生产废气。其适宜操作条件是:催化燃烧反应器进口温度250℃,空速20000h^-1。经此条件处理后。总烃去除率达97.1%-99.6%,净化排气中总烃和乙醛浓度均小于100μL/L,符合国家排放标准。  相似文献   

7.
炭还原法处理氮氧化物废气   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
根据物理化学原理,采用“炭还原法”处理衡阳市湘南化工厂含氮氧化物废气。运行结果表明:NOx去除率可达98%以上,处理后NOx排放浓度、排放速率均达到GB162970-1996《大气污染物排放标准》。  相似文献   

8.
生物膜填料塔净化CS2废气的初探   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
介绍了生物法净化CS2及其他含硫废气的原理及国内外近年来的应用研究。采用生物膜填料塔进行了初步的实验研究,在进气CS2浓度为100-500mg/m^3、气体流量为0.2m^3/h、循环液流量为20L/h的操作条件下,挂膜完成后CS2去除率达到70%以上;随着pH逐渐下降,CS2去除率不断升高。  相似文献   

9.
YJT塔及其在三苯废气治理中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
介绍了一种自行研制的YJT塔组合净化装置及其工艺,并简要阐述了有关注体力学参数,通过某制鞋厂的三苯废气治理表明,用零号柴油作吸收剂,其净化效率较高,经治理排放的废气浓度和排放速率均符合行业标准中的一级标准。  相似文献   

10.
张瑞华 《资源节约与环保》2014,(10):I0008-I0008
“烟尘排放浓度小于1mg/m^3,二氧化硫排放浓度为12mg/m^3-20mg/m^3.氮氧化物排放浓度为36mg/m^3-48mg/m^3,符合《山东省火电厂大气污染物排放标准》表1中以气体为燃料的锅炉或燃气轮机组排放浓度限值要求。”  相似文献   

11.
The potential harm of heavy metals is a primary concern in application of sludge to the agricultural land. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two sludges on fractionation of Zn and Cu in soil and their phytotoxicity to pakchoi. The loamy soil was mixed with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (by weight) of digested sewage sludge (SS) and composted sludge (SC). The additions of both sludges caused a significant raise in all fractions, resulting in that exchangeable (EXCH) and organic bound (OM) became predominance of Zn and organic bound Cu occupied the largest portion. There was more available amount of Zn and Cu in SS treatments than SC treatments. During the pot experiment, the concentration of Zn in EXCH, carbonate (CAR) and OM and Cu in EXCH and OM fractions decreased in all treatments, so their bioavailability reduced. Germination rate and plant biomass decreased when the addition rate was high and the best yield appeared in 20% mixtures at the harvest of pakchoi. The two sludges increased tissue contents of Zn and Cu especially in the SS treatments. Zn in pakchoi was not only in relationship to ΔEXCH and ΔCAR forms but also in ΔOM forms in the sludge-soil mixtures. Tissue content of Cu in pakchoi grown on SC-soils could not be predicted by ΔEXCH. These correlation rates between Zn and Cu accumulation in pakchoi and variation of different fractions increased with time, which might indicate that sludges represented stronger impacts on the plant in long-term land application.  相似文献   

12.
A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p < 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.  相似文献   

13.
Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity (both in gene richness and diversity index values) and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor (50 mg/kg) recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos (150 mg/kg) caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos (250 mg/kg) produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes (bands) responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals: four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.  相似文献   

14.
The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.  相似文献   

15.
Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury (HgT), combinative mercury (Hgc) and gaseous mercury (HgG), and content of total organic carbon (TOC), but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of (HgG,/HgT)1992〉(HgG/HgT)1996〉〉(HgG/HgT)2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn: with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants (e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum) are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.  相似文献   

16.
Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.  相似文献   

17.
In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato (Solanum tuberosum) and brinjal (Solanum melongena), for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.  相似文献   

18.
Decomposition of alachlor by ozonation and its mechanism   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Decomposition and corresponding mechanism of alachlor, an endocrine disruptor in water by ozonation were investigated. Results showed that alachlor could not be completely mineralized by ozone alone. Many intermediates and final products were formed during the process, including aromatic compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids, and inorganic ions. In evoluting these products, some of them with weak polarity were qualitatively identified by GC-MS. The information of inorganic ions suggested that the dechlorination was the first and the fastest step in the ozonation of alachlor.  相似文献   

19.
The influence of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 on pentachlorophenol (PCP) oxidation catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase was studied. The surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above its critical micelle concentration (CMC). Enhancement of PCP removal was observed at sub-CMCs. The presence of Tween 80 in the reaction mixture reduced enzyme inactivation which occurred through a combination of free radical attack and sorption by precipitated products. A simple first-order model was able to simulate time profiles for enzyme inactivation in the presence or absence of Tween 80. At supra-CMCs, the surfactant caused noticeable reductions in PCP removal, presumably through micelle partitioning of PCP which precluded the hydrophobic PCP molecule from interacting with the enzyme.  相似文献   

20.
Toxic effect of Zn(Ⅱ) on a green alga (Chlorella pyrenoidasa) in the presence of sepiolite and kaolinite was investigated.The Zn-free clays were found to have a negative impact on the growth of C.pyrenoidosa in comparison with control samples (without adding any clay or Zn(Ⅱ)).When Zn(Ⅱ) was added,the algae in the presence of clays could be better survived than the control samples,which was actually caused by a decrease in Zn(Ⅱ) concentration in the solution owing to the adsorption of Zn(Ⅱ) on the clays.When the solution system was diluted,the growth of algae could be further inhibited as compared to that in a system which had the same initial Zn(Ⅱ) concentration as in the diluted system.This in fact resulted from desorption of Zn(Ⅱ) from the zinc-contaminated clays,although the effect varied according to the different desorption capabilities of sepiolite and kaolinite.Therefore the adsorption and desorption processes of Zn(Ⅱ) played an important part in its toxicity,and adsorption and desorption of pollutants on soils/sediments should be well considered in natural eco-environmental systems before their risk of toxicity to aquatic organisms was assessed objectively.  相似文献   

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