混凝沉淀-微波诱导催化氧化处理冷轧镀锡废水

为了解决含有高浓度锡离子、苯酚磺酸和苯酚等污染物的冷轧镀锡废水难以处理的问题,研究建立了混凝沉淀与微波诱导Cu Ox/Si CT-H2O2催化氧化深度处理联合工艺。研究表明:混凝沉淀可完全去除冷轧镀锡废水中的锡离子;微波催化氧化技术对废水中的主要有机污染物苯酚磺酸和苯酚的去除率均超过95%,微波辐射15 min,COD和TOC去除率分别达96%和98%。同时,以碳化硅管为基材的Cu Ox/Si CT催化剂在微波体系中呈现出高效的催化性能并可实现多次循环使用。     

Mn-Ce/γ-Al2O3催化臭氧氧化深度处理石化废水中试研究

针对臭氧催化氧化深度处理石化废水时催化剂适配性不高和臭氧利用率低下的问题,以我国北方某典型石化废水为中试平台,采用课题组自主研发的催化臭氧催化剂Mn-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃,研究以臭氧催化氧化为核心的7种工艺深度处理石化废水的效果.结果表明:①单独臭氧氧化工艺对石化二级废水COD、TOC和UV₂₅₄（254 nm处的UV吸光度）的去除率分别为15.45%、9.04%和30.72%.与单独臭氧氧化工艺相比,Mn-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃催化臭氧氧化工艺下,COD、TOC和UV₂₅₄的去除率分别提高了26.18%、18.25%和5.81%,同时三维荧光光谱（3D-EEM）结合区域积分法（FRI）分析结果显示,对荧光类有机物中溶解性微生物代谢产物和类腐殖酸的去除率分别提高了21.13%和29.47%.②单独臭氧氧化工艺中,序批式和连续流出水处理效果影响不大.Mn-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃催化臭氧氧化工艺下,序批式优于连续流,但序批式需增加人力和运营成本,在实际应用中受限.③微絮凝+臭氧催化氧化+回流联合工艺中,COD、TOC和UV₂₅₄的去除率分别可达53.20%、37.56%和50.90%,去除效果显著高于仅臭氧催化氧化工艺（COD、TOC和UV₂₅₄的去除率分别为41.63%、27.29%和36.53%）时;同时,类富里酸、类溶解性微生物代谢产物和类腐殖酸的去除率分别达到79.49%、50.70%和75.12%;Mn-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃催化剂运用72 d后,COD去除率基本稳定在30%左右.研究显示,臭氧催化氧化工艺深度处理石化废水中,Mn-Ce/γ-Al₂O₃是一种高效稳定型催化剂,絮凝预处理、回流均可增强有机物的去除率,可为石化废水处理工程实现减排降耗提供技术支撑.      

电-多相臭氧催化技术处理金刚烷胺制药废水

采用电-多相臭氧催化（E-catazone）技术处理高COD、高含盐、难生化的金刚烷胺制药废水.对比研究电-多相臭氧催化、多相臭氧催化（Catazone）、电催化氧化（EO）对金刚烷胺制药废水的处理效果,在此基础上进一步研究了电流密度、pH值以及气相O₃浓度对电-多相臭氧催化技术处理效果的影响,同时优化实验条件.实验结果表明,在原水pH值为12.5,电流密度为15mA/cm²,O₃进气流速0.4L/min,O₃浓度为60mg/L的条件下,经过60min反应,电-多相臭氧催化技术获得了62%的COD去除和44%的总有机碳（TOC）去除,其效果显著优于多相臭氧催化（COD 44%,TOC 29%）与电催化氧化（COD 13%,TOC 17%）;同时,电-多相臭氧催化不仅氧化能力强,而且氧化速率快,获得的伪一级COD去除速率常数k是多相臭氧催化和电催化氧化的1.81倍和8.22倍,更为重要的是,电-多相臭氧催化技术还可以高效、快速地提高废水的生化性,提高约2个数量级,结果表明,电-多相臭氧催化技术是一种有潜力的高级氧化技术,可以实现高效、快速去除有机污染物以及提高废水的可生化性.     

催化湿式氧化处理香料废水

在中温（160℃）和中压（0.98Pa）条件下,采用催化湿式氧化处理香料废水。试验结果表明,香料废水经30min的湿式氧化处理COD、TOC、色度的去除率分别为69.1％、74.8％、79.5％,并对反应过程经验动力学模式进行求解。     

FeY催化剂光助Fenton法降解亚甲基蓝染料废水

文章以NaY分子筛为载体,通过离子交换法制备FeY催化剂,并对其在非均相光-Fenton体系中催化降解亚甲基蓝染料废水进行了研究,考察其催化降解性能、重复性和再生性。结果表明,在反应温度为25℃、FeY催化剂投加量为1 g/L、H2O2浓度为4 mmol/L、pH为4、UV光照射60 min时,非均相体系对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率分别达到97%和84%。通过比较发现,相对于黑暗条件,太阳光和UV光都能显著提高降解效率,并且两种光源效果相当。FeY催化剂比均相催化剂具有更高的催化活性,并且脱附率低,重复性较好,经500℃焙烧2 h的再生催化剂对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率均可达原来的90%以上。     

催化吹脱耦合A/O工艺处理高浓度脂肪胺废水

为了实现高浓度脂肪胺废水的资源化利用,采用催化吹脱耦合A/O工艺对脂肪胺废水进行处理。考察了温度、时间、pH值、催化剂投加量因素对吹脱效果的影响。试验结果表明:进水ρ(COD)为2 000~3 000 mg/L,温度为50℃,时间为2 h,pH值为11,催化剂投加量为5%的条件下,催化吹脱TKN去除率为83%。经催化吹脱工艺处理后废水采用A/O工艺处理,出水各项指标均达到国家污水综合排放一级标准,催化吹脱耦合A/O工艺对脂肪胺废水的处理是可行的。     

ABR处理变性淀粉废水的试验研究

阐述了ABR处理含盐变性淀粉废水的启动过程和颗粒污泥的特征;提出了ABR处理变性淀粉废水的最佳工况;对ABR处理含盐废水的运行性能进行了研究.结果表明,同时提高有机负荷和盐浓度进行污泥驯化具有可行性,能够培养出耐低盐的颗粒污泥.在氯离子浓度为8 500 mg/Ｌ,含盐量为1.6％,经过驯化,污泥能够正常降解废水中的有机物,COD去除率在85％以上.试验用变性淀粉废水的COD浓度为12 640 mg/Ｌ,最佳HRT为48　h,此时COD去除率85.9％.氯离子浓度的突然急剧降低比突然急剧增高对系统污泥微生物的影响更大.系统能够忍受氯离子浓度从8 500 mg/Ｌ直接升到12 500 mg/Ｌ和从8 500 mg/Ｌ直接降低到4 500 mg/Ｌ的变化,且抗氯离子浓度突然升高的能力比抗氯离子浓度突然降低的能力要强.ABR系统能够处理氯离子浓度在15 000 mg/Ｌ以下,含盐量在2.5％左右的废水.     

强化铁碳微电解预处理制药废水的实验研究

制药废水有机污染物浓度高,处理难度大。为了提高废水的预处理效率,我们采用催化铁碳微电解强化预处理制药废水。试验结果表明:针对该废水,铜离子有明显催化效果;外加直流电源也有助于提高处理效率。实验条件:p H=3.5,铜离子浓度为50mg/L,外加直流电源电压为10V时,反应2h,COD去除率能达到41.8%。     

高浓度乳化废水处理中铜系催化剂催化活性比较

研究了几种铜系列催化剂在高浓度乳化废水进行湿式氧化(WAO)和催化湿式氧化(CWAO)处理中的效果。在160～240℃反应温度条件下,以CODcr,和TOC为参数,系统考查了均相/多相催化剂的催化性能,筛选出具有优良催化性能的过渡金属多相催化剂。结果表明,在温度200℃和初始氧分压P。1.2MPa条件下,控制氧化反应2h,无催化剂存在时,乳化废水的CODcr去除率为75％,TOC去除率为66%;均相催化剂[Cu(NO3)2]具有很好的氧化催化能力;当使用Cu/Alumina或Mn-Ce/Alumina催化剂时,CODcr去除率分别89.5％和84.2％,TOC去除率则分别达到了81.7％和81.2％;与WAO同等CODcr及TOC去除率水平相比,借助Cu/Alumina催化剂,CWAO反应温度可降低30℃左右。初步探讨了湿式氧化出水的可生化性。     

Mn-Ce@FA催化剂处理催化湿式氧化医药废水应用

该研究制备了粉煤灰基Mn-Ce@FA催化剂,利用现代分析手段对材料的矿物相、微观形貌与成分、官能团组成等进行分析,将其应用到催化湿式氧化处理医药废水,研究催化剂量、反应温度、反应时间等对其处理效果的影响,并采用动力学方程对其反应过程进行拟合。结果表明:合成材料具有较大的比表面积,Mn和Ce元素被成功负载在粉煤灰载体材料上,该材料具有较好的热稳定性。湿式氧化对医药废水去除效果有限,Mn-Ce@FA催化剂的加入可显著提高污染物去除效率。随着催化剂量增加、反应温度提高与反应时间延长,催化湿式氧化对医药废水TOC与COD去除率逐渐提高。与二级动力学方程拟合结果相比,一级动力学方程对2个体系处理医药废水的结果拟合程度较高。     

Homogeneous catalytic wet air oxidation for the treatment oftextile wastewaters

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Catalytic wet air oxidation for the treatment of emulsifying wastewater

The wet air oxidation (WAO) and catalytic WAO(CWAO) of the high strength emulsifying wastewater containing nonionic surfactants have been investigated in terms of COD and TOC removal. The WAO and homogeneous CWAO processes were carried out at the temperature from 433 K to 513 K, with initial oxygen pressure 1.2 MPa. It was found that homogeneous catalyst copper(Cu(NO3)2) had an fairly good catalytic activity for the WAO process, and the oxidation was catalyzed when the temperature was higher than 473K. Moreover, several heterogeneous catalysts were proved to be effective for the WAO process. At the temperature 473 K, after 2h reaction, WAO process could achieve about 75% COD removal and 66% TOC removal, while catalysts Cu/Al2O3 and Mn-Ce/Al2O3 elevated the COD removal up to 86%-89% and that of TOC up to 82%. However, complete elimination of COD and TOC was proved to be difficult even the best non-noble catalyst was used. Therefore, the effluent from WAO or CWAO process need to be further disposed. The bioassay proved that the effluent from WAO process was amenable to the biochemical method.     

面向工业园区废水臭氧氧化深度处理性能评价的模型污染物选择与评估

臭氧氧化近年来逐渐成为废水深度处理主要工艺之一.在臭氧氧化深度水处理技术创新的过程中,研发人员需要对大量臭氧氧化新技术、新装置和新材料等进行废水深度处理性能评价,然而常为选择何种模型污染物能够预估其深度处理实际废水时化学需氧量(COD)/总有机碳(TOC)削减方面的性能而困扰.现有研究选用的众多模型污染物能够在何种程度上代表实际废水深度处理时COD/TOC削减方面的特性尚不明确.面向废水深度处理的模型污染物选择与评估对臭氧氧化深度水处理技术标准体系的构建具有意义.对19种模型污染物溶液(无缓冲水溶液和碳酸氢盐缓冲溶液)和4种工业园区废水的二级出水进行臭氧氧化处理,对其有机物总量削减的相似性通过聚类分析等方法进行评估.结果表明,模型污染物溶液经过臭氧氧化处理的有机物总量削减率的差异性大于4种实际废水间的差异,从而为筛选模型污染物用于臭氧氧化深度水处理技术性能评价提供了可能.采用酮基布洛芬、 2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸和磺胺二甲基嘧啶的无缓冲水溶液,以及非那西汀、磺胺二甲基嘧啶和三氯蔗糖的碳酸氢盐缓冲溶液预测3种工业园区二沉池出水臭氧处理60 min COD削减率的误差不超过9%以及5%.模型污...     

Comparison between UV and VUV photolysis for the pre- and post-treatment of coking wastewater

In this study, ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photolysis were investigated for the pre-treatment and post-treatment of coking wastewater. First, 6-fold diluted raw coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. It was found that 15.9%-35.4% total organic carbon (TOC) was removed after 24 hr irradiation. The irradiated effluent could be degraded by the acclimated activated sludge. Even though the VUV photolysis removed more chemical oxygen demand (COD) than UV, the UV-irradiated effluent demonstrated better biodegradability. After 4 hr UV irradiation, the biological oxygen demand BOD₅/COD ratio of irradiated coking wastewater increased from 0.163 to 0.224, and its toxicity decreased to the greatest extent. Second, the biologically treated coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. Both of them were able to remove 37%-47% TOC within 8 hr irradiation. Compared to UV, VUV photolysis could significantly improve the transparency of the bio-treated effluent. VUV also reduced 7% more ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), 17% more nitrite nitrogen (NO₂^--N), and 18% more total nitrogen (TN) than UV, producing 35% less nitrite nitrogen (NO₃^--N) as a result. In conclusion, UV irradiation was better in improving the biodegradability of coking wastewater, while VUV was more effective at photolyzing the residual organic compounds and inorganic N-species in the bio-treated effluent.     

Comparison between UV and VUV photolysis for the pre- and post-treatment of coking wastewater

In this study, ultraviolet (UV) and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) photolysis were investigated for the pre-treatment and post-treatment of coking wastewater. First, 6-fold diluted raw coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. It was found that 15.9%–35.4% total organic carbon (TOC) was removed after 24 hr irradiation. The irradiated effluent could be degraded by the acclimated activated sludge. Even though the VUV photolysis removed more chemical oxygen demand (COD) than UV, the UV-irradiated effluent demonstrated better biodegradability. After 4 hr UV irradiation, the biological oxygen demand BOD₅/COD ratio of irradiated coking wastewater increased from 0.163 to 0.224, and its toxicity decreased to the greatest extent. Second, the biologically treated coking wastewater was irradiated by UV and VUV. Both of them were able to remove 37%–47% TOC within 8 hr irradiation. Compared to UV, VUV photolysis could significantly improve the transparency of the bio-treated effluent. VUV also reduced 7% more ammonia nitrogen (NH₄⁺–N), 17% more nitrite nitrogen (NO₂⁻–N), and 18% more total nitrogen (TN) than UV, producing 35% less nitrite nitrogen (NO₃⁻–N) as a result. In conclusion, UV irradiation was better in improving the biodegradability of coking wastewater, while VUV was more effective at photolyzing the residual organic compounds and inorganic N-species in the bio-treated effluent.     

不同来源废水中TOC与COD相关性研究

对纺织染整、化工、制药、食品加工各行业生产废水及城镇污水厂处理设施出水中的TOC(自动仪器监测)与COD(实验室手工分析)测定值进行回归分析,并检验一元线性回归方程的显著性和有效性。结果表明,各行业生产废水中TOC与COD值均存在非常显著的相关性,且废水组成成分越单一稳定,其相关性越好,同行业废水中TOC与COD回归方程的斜率b较为接近。利用TOC自动在线监测值换算所得的COD值,准确性和稳定性高,能满足水质实时连续监测的需要。     

Treatment of desizing wastewater from the textile industry by wet air oxidation

This paper describes the application of wet air oxidation to the treatment of desizing wastewater from two textile companies. A two-liter high temperature, high pressure autoclave reactor was used in the study. The range of operating temperatures examined was between 150 and 290℃, and the partial pressure of oxygen ranged from 0. 375 to 2.25 MPa. Variations in pH,CODCr and TOD content were monitored during each experiment and used to assess the extent of conversion of the process. The effects of temperature, pressure and reaction time were explored extensively. More than 90 ％ CODCr reduction and 80 ％ TOC removal have been obtained. The results have also been demonstrated that WAO is a suitable pre-treatment methods due to improvement of the BOD5/CODCr ratio of desizing wastewater. The reaction kinetics of wet air oxidation of desizing wastewater has been proved to be two steps, a fast reaction followed by a slow reaction stage.     

Treatment of desizing wastewater from the textile industry by wet air oxidation

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高浓度Cu-COD废水处理方法研究

采用化学凝聚-生物流化床法对含Cu1700—3800mg/L和COD3900—5400mg/L的Cu-COD)废水进行处理试验研究。着重研究了生物流化床挂膜驯化条件和废水停留时间、容积负荷,气水比及化学凝聚条件等与去除COD和Cu的关系。试验结果表明,采用凝聚-生物流化床组合工艺并在控制适宜条件下,处理高浓度Cu-COD废水是有效的,处理后排放水中铜浓度可达0.20—0.82mg/L,COD可达150—180mg/L,铜总去除率可达99.97％,COD总去除率可达95％—96％。     

O_3和O_3/H_2O_2法氧化处理制药废水的研究

采用O3和O3/H2O2氧化法对某制药厂的制药废水进行氧化处理,主要考察废水的pH值、O3流量、反应时间对COD去除率的影响。结果表明,O3氧化法的最佳条件为:废水的pH值为9.00,O3流量为5 g/h,反应时间为90 min。在此条件下,废水的COD和TOC的去除率分别达到64.16%和75.34%。O3/H2O2氧化法更能有效的提高废水COD和TOC的去除率,但需要合适的H2O2投加量。处理后两者去除率分别达87.45%和91.49%,且处理后的COD值(351 mg/L)符合该厂排入市政管网的要求(500 mg/L),同时废水的可生化性提高,B/C由0.12提高至0.32。对O3/H2O2处理制药废水的反应机制研究表明,COD的去除率随自由基抑制剂浓度的增加而降低,COD的去除主要是体系中.OH的贡献。另外,采用COD和TOC结合起来作为评价指标更能准确的反映出制药废水中有机物的去除规律。