GIS支持下的土壤侵蚀量估算——以江西省泰和县灌溪乡为例

在地理信息技术（ＧＩＳ）的支持下,应用通用土壤侵蚀方程（ＵｎｉｖｅｒｓａｌＳｏｉｌＬｏｓｓＥｑｕａｔｉｏｎ,简称ＵＳＬＥ）估算了江西省泰和县灌溪乡的土壤侵蚀量。研究结果表明,当地表覆盖率大于１５％时,计算的结果与实测的数据有良好的相关性（０８７）。     

硫酸渣的综合利用

硫酸渣的综合利用田玉清（北京有色金属研究总院，１０００８８）ＲＥＵＳＥＯＦＳＵＬＦＡＴＥＲＥＳＩＤＵＥＳ￥ＴｉａｎＹｕｑｉｎｇ（ＢｅｉｊｉｎｇＣｅｎｔｒａｌＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＮｏｎｆｅｒｒｏｕｓＭｅｔａｌｓ）硫酸法是严用污染环境的...     

物种多样性

物种多样性联合国环境规划署（ＵＮＥＩ／ＧＥＭＳ）ＳｐｅｃｉｅｓＤｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ￥Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｄｉｖｅｒｓｉｆｉｅｄｐｌａｎｔｓａｎｄａｎｉｍａｌｓｐｒｏｖｉｄｅｍａｎｋｉｎｄｗｉｔｈａｂｕｎｄａｎｔｆｏｏｄ，ｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ，ｂｕｉｌｄｉｎｇ...     

Urbanization, environmental consequences and management in China

Ｕｒｂａｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎ，ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｃｏｎｓｅｑｕｅｎｃｅｓａｎｄｍａｎａｇｅｍｅｎｔｉｎＣｈｉｎａＬｕＹｏｎｇｌｏｎｇ（ＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＣｅｎｔｅｒｆｏｒＥｃｏ－ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ），ＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＡｃａｄｅ...     

生态系统多样性

生态系统多样性联合国环境规划署／全球环境监测系统（ＵＮＥＰ／ＧＥＭＳ）ＥｃｏｓｙｓｔｅｍＤｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ￥Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｒｏｐｉｃａｌｒａｉｎｆｏｒｅｓｔｓ，ｇｒａｓｓｌａｎｄｓ，ｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓ，ｃｏｒａｌｒｅｅｆｓａｎｄｍａｎｇｒｏｖｅｓ...     

清洁海洋

清洁海洋ＣｌｅａｎｉｎｇｔｈｅＳｅａｓ特图·梅尔瓦萨罗（ＴｅｒｔｔｕＭｅｌｖａｓａｌｏ）ＴｅｒｔｔｕＭｅｌｖａｓａｌｏｄｅｓｃｒｉｂｌｅｓＵＮＥＰ＇ｓｗｏｒｋ，ｔｈｒｏｕｇｈｉｔｓＲｅｇｉｏｎａｌＳｅａｓＰｒｏｇｒａｍｍｅ，ｔｏｉｍｐｌｅｍｅｎｔｔｈ...     

Effects of some heavy metals on cell suspension cultures of Catharanthus roseus

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆｓｏｍｅｈｅａｖｙｍｅｔａｌｓｏｎｃｅｌｌｓｕｓｐｅｎｓｉｏｎｃｕｌｔｕｒｅｓｏｆＣａｔｈａｒａｎｔｈｕｓｒｏｓｅｕｓＺｈｕＬｉｚｈｏｎｇ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ），ＨａｎｇｚｈｏｕＵｎｉｖ...     

环境盲区？

环境盲区？ＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌＢｌｉｎｄｎｅｓｓ？￥ＳｉｅｖｅＣｈａｒｎｏｖｉｔｚＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：ＴｈｅＵｒｕｇｕａｙＲｏｕｎｄｎｏｐｉｌａｔｉｏｎｓｏｆｔｈｅＧｅｎｅｒａｌＡｇｒｅｅｍｅｎｔｏｎＴａｒｉｆｆｓａｎｄＴｒａｄｅ（ＧＡＴＴ），ｎ...     

美国关于消耗臭氧层物质的环境税

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日本的公害──我们的惨痛教训

日本的公害──我们的惨痛教训ＰｏｌｌｕｔｉｏｎＩｎＪａｐａｎ－ＢｉｔｔｅｒＬｅｓｓｏｎｓｆｏｒＵｓｔｏＬｅａｒｎ￥（ＳｔｕｄｙＧｒｏｕｐｆｏｒＧｌｏｂａｌＥｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｎｄＥｃｏｎｏｍｉｃｓ）Ａｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｐｒｅｓｅｎ...     

青春 责任 梦想 行动 2015年千名青年环境友好使者夏令营侧记

<正>"我们处在世界正在发生重大变革的时代,中国也正在实现着民族伟大复兴的关键时刻。青年人要承担什么责任?""我们应该团结更多的青年人,向全社会积极宣传环保理念,保护我们共同生存的家园。"一名青年使者刚刚回答完贾峰主任的问题,全场响起的是掌声——雷鸣般的掌声!8月17日,2015年"千名青年环境友好使者夏令营"在成都市温江区正式开营。环境保护部宣传教育中心主任贾峰亲临现场,并为青年学子们讲授了热情     

Effect of CaO on retention of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, W and Pb in bottom ashes from fluidized-bed coal combustion power station

This work was conducted to evaluate whether Ca-bearing additives used during coal combustion can also help with the retention of some other elements. This work was focused on the evaluation of bottom ashes collected during four full-scale combustion tests at an operating thermal fluidized-bed power station. Bottom ashes were preferred to fly ashes for the study to avoid interference from condensation processes usually occurring in the post-combustion zone. This work focused on the behaviors of S, Cl, Br, As, Mn, V, Cr, Ni, Cu,Zn, W, and Pb. Strong positive correlations with CaO content in bottom ashes were observed（for all four combustion tests） for S, As, Cl and Br（R = 0.917-0.999）. Strong inverse proportionality was calculated between the contents of Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr and Mn and CaO, so these elements showed association to materials other than Ca-bearing compounds（e.g., to aluminosilicates, organic matter, etc.）. Somewhat unclear behaviors were observed for W, Cu, and V. Their correlation coefficients were evaluated as statistically ＂not significant＂, i.e., these elements were not thought to be significantly associated with CaO. It was also discovered that major enrichment of CaO in the finest bottom ash fractions could be advantageously used for simple separation of elements strongly associated with these fractions, mainly S and As, but also Cl or Br. Removal of5% of the finest ash particles brings about a decrease in As concentration down to 77%-80% of its original bulk ash content, which can be conveniently used e.g., when high As content complicates further ash utilization.     

Asbeste Arten,Entstehung, Bedeutung,Problematik

Types of asbestos are distinguished not only by structure, chemical compositon, shape of aggregates, and length and quality of fibers, but also by its formation. Though consisting of quite common elements, deposits are formed only under very special conditions. Its unique combination of properties has created over 3000 fields of application (about 70% in asbestos cement). Great efforts have been made to substitute all types of asbestos by harmless, similarly cheap and versatile synthetic fibers, owing to the unquestioned carcinogenic properties of all asbestos dusts. However, development of such fibers has not made any remarkable progress until recently. Consequently risk to workers in mining and manufactoring, consumers, outsiders, and the environment should be kept as low as possible by intensifying precautions and diminishing emissions.     

珊瑚钨锡矿硅质尾矿中Cd、As、Zn、F富集迁移及环境污染

硅质尾矿在释放中性矿山废水(NMD)时所伴生的多元素复合污染问题值得重视。本文以桂东北珊瑚矿尾矿作为研究对象,通过分析该尾矿的组构、元素富集及迁移特性,筛选出主要污染元素,并探讨尾矿胶结层对元素富集迁移的影响。结果表明:(1)该尾矿中Cd、As、Zn及F富集程度较高、可交换态含量(易迁移释放量)较大,是主要的污染元素,而Cu、Pb、Tl产生污染的可能性较小;(2)胶结层对重金属具有再富集作用,但其对可交换态Cd、As(Tl)再富集明显,而对可交换态Cu、Pb、Zn再富集则不明显。胶结层中次生伊利石、石膏等胶结物趋向于吸附富集活性可交换态Cd、As。这表明该尾矿可能迁移释放出含Cd、As浓度较高的NMD。研究表明,硅质尾矿风化释出NMD的同时,可能伴生Cd、As、Zn等重金属以及F的复合污染。     

The monitoring,Evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification of energy-efficiency projects

In this paper, we present an overview of guidelinesdeveloped for the monitoring, evaluation, reporting,verification, and certification (MERVC) ofenergy-efficiency projects for climate changemitigation. The monitoring and evaluation ofenergy-efficiency projects is needed to determine moreaccurately their impact on greenhouse gas (GHG)emissions and other attributes, and to ensure that theglobal climate is protected and that countryobligations are met. Reporting, verification andcertification will be needed for addressing therequirements of the Kyoto Protocol. While the cost ofmonitoring and evaluation of energy-efficiencyprojects is expected to be about 5–10% of a project'sbudget, the actual cost of monitoring and evaluationwill vary depending on many factors, including thelevel of precision required for measuring energy andGHG reductions, type of project, and amount of fundingavailable.     

微波消解——原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中的铜锌镍铬锰铅镉

本文阐述了用微波消解——原子吸收分光光度法测定土壤中的铜锌镍铬锰铅镉。通过硝酸-盐酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸体系消解液对土壤样品进行消解,选择出微波消解的最佳消解条件。通过对微波消解体系和传统电热板硝酸-氢氟酸-高氯酸消解体系进行对比实验,前者不仅操作简便快捷赶酸时间短,而且准确度高、精密度好,提高了工作效率,是一种值得推广的土壤消解方法。     

意大利的金枪鱼、箭鱼、鸬鹚以及家燕等体内的多氯萘、多氯联苯、多氯二苯-p-二恶英、多氯二苯并呋喃以及p,p''''-DDE

我们曾对从意大利收集的金枪鱼、箭鱼、普通鸬鹚以及家燕体内的p,p'-DDE、多氯联苯同类物(PCBs)、多氯二苯-p-二恶英(PCDDs)、多氯二苯并呋喃(PCDFs)以及多氯萘(PCNs)浓度进行过测量.     

共沉淀-离心-X射线荧光法快速测定表层海水中的Fe,Ni,Mn,Cu,Zn,Pb

基于共沉淀的富集作用,采用自制的离心管离心沉淀,以手持式X-射线荧光仪(XRF)测定,由此建立了表层海水中Fe,Ni,Mn,Cu,Zn,Pb的共沉淀-离心-XRF快速分析方法。测定时间为5 min/样;线性范围125μg/L～1 000μg/L,可以满足近岸表层海水中铁和锰的分析要求;基底加标200μg/L回收率为94.5%～116%;连续7次测定6种金属浓度均为500μg/L的海水加标样品,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.86%～5.85%。与ICP-MS法比较,测定结果无显著性差异。本方法具有化学试剂污染小、方便快捷、可现场快速测定方法等优点。该方法已成功应用于厦门西港和福建九龙江河口表层海水中可溶态铁锰的现场测定,并在现场以手持式XRF对颗粒物中铁锰进行了测定,获得了该海域颗粒物中和海水中铁锰的分布。