袋式除尘器在20t／h锅炉除尘器改造中的应用

燃煤锅炉在运行过程中会排放出大量的烟尘,而使用电除尘器除尘,效率较低,已经不能满足新的排放要求,采用低压脉冲袋式除尘器对原电除尘器进行技术改造,结果表明,袋式除尘器的除尘效率达到99．9％,使烟尘排放浓度≤50mg／Nm^3,达到了当地环保部门的排放要求,取得了良好的社会和环境效益。     

冲激式湿式除尘器在燃用高挥发份煤锅炉除尘的应用

本文总结了各种类型除尘器在使用当地含挥发份较高的长焰煤种过程中的除尘效率,及其性能特点,详细阐述了冲击式湿式除尘器在燃用高挥发份煤锅炉除尘中的应用效果。     

立窑小水泥厂适用除尘方法的研究

为了提供立窑小水泥厂的适用除尘方法，作者对几个小水泥厂系统地测定了主要工序排出粉尘的粒径分级组成和相应的粉尘浓度、烟气温度和含湿量等参数；测定了重力沉降室、旋风除尘器、冲击水浴除尘器、冲击———喷雾除尘器的粒径分级除尘效率。在此基础上，将污染源和除尘器进行匹配，对各工序所宜采取的除尘方案进行科学论证，提出的方案更为切合实际。     

组合式旋流电除尘器防结露设计

XDC－4／14组合式多管旅流电除尘器是近年来在除尘设备领域出现的新设备，它是具有80年代世界先进水平的除尘技术。该除尘器将旋风分离力与静电力除尘机理组合于一体，在传统立式多管电除尘器中引入旋风分离机理，将复杂的二级除尘系统转化为组合式除尘器，节省了设备投资和占地面积，适宜干老厂和除尘系统的改造设计。XDC－4／14组合式多管旅流电除尘器在我国北方地区广泛应用于工业窑炉高温烟气治理，使用效果好，除尘效率达到99％以上，但在南方地区的潮湿气候环境和燃煤中含硫较高的条件下使用，出现了烟气酸露点温度升高，除尘系统…     

塑烧板除尘器在粉末冶金上的应用

昆钢粉末冶金科技厂铁鳞干燥窑原有布袋除尘器投产后出现板结现象,无法使用。采用塑烧板除尘器进行技术改造,不会板结,压力损失稳定,耐油耐湿性强,维护保养方便,运行费用低,总体设计合理,运行稳定,除尘器出口气体含尘浓度≤20mg／Nm^3,达到国家允许的排放浓度。     

发电厂除尘方式的科学选择与研究

前言：电厂除尘是治理大气污染的重要手段，也是开展粉煤灰资源综合利用工作的一个重要环节。科学的选择除尘方式不仅直接关系到企业的设备投资规模，而且对于治理大气污染和开展粉煤灰综合利用都具有重大意义。主题词：火电厂除尘方式科学选择研究目前，电厂可供选择的除尘方式有电除尘器，FOS系列复合式多管除尘器、旋风除尘器、袋式除尘器、水膜除尘器和文丘里式除尘器等形式。虽然，除尘器为电厂锅炉配套的附属设备，但对其选择也必须重视，例：某厂扩建2x5．5万千瓦发电机组，配套2X220T／H煤粉锅炉，采用什么样的除尘方式为宜呢？…     

百叶窗式脉冲静电除尘技术的研究

对沸腾炉百叶窗式脉冲静电除尘技术模拟实验，对模拟装置的电场分布，收法面积、除尘效率等参数之间的关系做了较为深入的分析，对实验除尘器的除尘效果和运行情况进行了讨论。     

发电厂除尘方式的科学选择与研究

前言：电厂除尘是治理大气污染的重要手段，也是开展粉煤灰资源综合利用工作的一个重要环节。科学的选择除尘方式不仅直接关系到企业的设备投资规模，而且对于治理大气污染和开展粉煤灰综合利用都具有重大意义。主题词：火电厂除尘方式科学选择研究河南省能源研究会推荐优秀论文选载目前，电厂可供选择的除尘方式有电除尘器，FOS系列复合式多管除尘器、旋风除尘器、袋式除尘器、水膜除尘器和文丘里式除尘器等形式。虽然，除尘器为电厂锅炉配套的附属设备，但对其选择也必须重视，例：某厂扩建2×5．5万千瓦发电机组，配套2×220T／H煤粉锅…     

过滤捕集法去除盐酸雾中试研究

含HCl浓度小于350mg／Nm^3的盐酸雾气体，经洗涤水洗涤后再进行过滤捕集处理，出口气体中HCl浓度不大于6．40mg／m^3，去除率大于95％。     

沸腾颗粒层除尘器在轧钢煤粉加热炉高温烟气除尘中的应用

在高温烟气除尘中，通常的惯性式除尘器效率较低；用布袋式除尘器，降温措施繁杂．或者能耗增加；静电式除尘器投资大．用石英砂作滤料的沸腾颗粒层除尘器，以其除尘效率高、耐高温、投资省、占地少、维护简便的特点．日益受到广泛的重视．     

Effects of two sludge application on fractionation and phytotoxicity of zinc and copper in the soil

The potential harm of heavy metals is a primary concern in application of sludge to the agricultural land. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two sludges on fractionation of Zn and Cu in soil and their phytotoxicity to pakchoi. The loamy soil was mixed with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (by weight) of digested sewage sludge (SS) and composted sludge (SC). The additions of both sludges caused a significant raise in all fractions, resulting in that exchangeable (EXCH) and organic bound (OM) became predominance of Zn and organic bound Cu occupied the largest portion. There was more available amount of Zn and Cu in SS treatments than SC treatments. During the pot experiment, the concentration of Zn in EXCH, carbonate (CAR) and OM and Cu in EXCH and OM fractions decreased in all treatments, so their bioavailability reduced. Germination rate and plant biomass decreased when the addition rate was high and the best yield appeared in 20% mixtures at the harvest of pakchoi. The two sludges increased tissue contents of Zn and Cu especially in the SS treatments. Zn in pakchoi was not only in relationship to ΔEXCH and ΔCAR forms but also in ΔOM forms in the sludge-soil mixtures. Tissue content of Cu in pakchoi grown on SC-soils could not be predicted by ΔEXCH. These correlation rates between Zn and Cu accumulation in pakchoi and variation of different fractions increased with time, which might indicate that sludges represented stronger impacts on the plant in long-term land application.     

Intraspecific differences in effects of co-contamination of cadmium and

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p ＜ 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.     

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

EDTA-enhanced phytoremediation of lead contaminated soil by Bidens maximowicziana

Phytoremediation is a potential cleanup technology for the removal of heavy metals from contaminated soils.Bidens maximowicziana is a new Pb hyperaccumulator,which not only has remarkable tolerance to Pb but also extraordinary accumulation capacity for Pb.The maximum Pb concentration was 1509.3 mg/kg in roots and 2164.7 mg/kg in overground tissues.The Pb distribution order in the B. maximowicziana was:leaf>stem>root.The effect of amendments on phytoremediation was also studied.The mobility of soil Pb and the Pb concentrations in plants were both increased by EDTA application.Compared with CK(control check),EDTA application promoted translocation of Pb to overground parts of the plant.The Pb concentrations in overground parts of plants was increased from 24.23-680.56 mg/kg to 29.07-1905.57 mg/kg.This research demonstrated that B.maximowicziana appeared to be suitable for phytoremediation of Pb contaminated soil,especially,combination with EDTA.     

Distribution and ecological effect of mercury in Laogang landfill, Shanghai, China

Laogang landfill near Shanghai is the largest landfill in China, and receives about 10000 t of daily garbage per day, Samples of topsoil and plants were analyzed to evaluate mercury pollution from the landfill. For topsoil samples, there were significant correlations among total mercury （HgT）, combinative mercury （Hgc） and gaseous mercury （HgG）, and content of total organic carbon （TOC）, but, no significantly relationship was found between Hg content and filling time. Hg content changes in vertical profiles with time showed that the average Hgv of profiles 1992, 1996, and 2000 was similar, but their average HgG was quite different. HgT was significantly correlated with Hgc in profile 1992 and 2000, and Hgv was significantly correlated with Hg6 in profile 1996. HgG/Hgv ratio in profile samples decreased in the order of （HgG,/HgT）1992〉（HgG/HgT）1996〉〉（HgG/HgT）2000. A simple outline of Hg release in landfill could be drawn： with increasing of filling time, degradation undergoes different biodegradation, accordingly, gaseous mercury goes through small, more, and small proportion to total mercury. Distribution of Hg in plants was inhomogeneous, following the order of leaf〉root〉stem. The highest value of leaf may be associated with higher atmospheric Hg from landfill. Ligneous plants （e.g. Phyllostachys glanca, Prunus salicina and Ligustrum lucidum） are capable of enriching more Hg than herbaceous plants.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Enzymatic oxidation of aqueous pentachlorophenol

The influence of the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 on pentachlorophenol （PCP） oxidation catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase was studied. The surfactant was tested at concentrations below and above its critical micelle concentration （CMC）. Enhancement of PCP removal was observed at sub-CMCs. The presence of Tween 80 in the reaction mixture reduced enzyme inactivation which occurred through a combination of free radical attack and sorption by precipitated products. A simple first-order model was able to simulate time profiles for enzyme inactivation in the presence or absence of Tween 80. At supra-CMCs, the surfactant caused noticeable reductions in PCP removal, presumably through micelle partitioning of PCP which precluded the hydrophobic PCP molecule from interacting with the enzyme.     

Decomposition of alachlor by ozonation and its mechanism

Decomposition and corresponding mechanism of alachlor, an endocrine disruptor in water by ozonation were investigated. Results showed that alachlor could not be completely mineralized by ozone alone. Many intermediates and final products were formed during the process, including aromatic compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids, and inorganic ions. In evoluting these products, some of them with weak polarity were qualitatively identified by GC-MS. The information of inorganic ions suggested that the dechlorination was the first and the fastest step in the ozonation of alachlor.     

基于综合水质标识指数和对应分析法的校园河道水质评价

以三峡大学的校园河道求索溪为研究对象,利用综合水质标识指数法确定求索溪水质类别,分析其水质时空变化规律,并利用对应分析法得出求索溪中不同监测点的主要污染因子.研究结果表明:求索溪整体的综合水质标识指数为7.423,整体水质为劣V类(地表水环境质量标准GB 3838-2002)且黑臭.从时间变化来看,求索溪4月份的水质最差,5月份次之,4、5月份所有监测点的水质都劣于V类且黑臭;8月份水质最好,水质为Ⅳ类;从空间分布来看,8个监测点综合水质标识指数均超过6.0,水质为劣V类,其中6号监测点的水质相对最好,监测点3号的水质相对最差;对应分析法得出求索溪的整体水体污染程度受总氮因子的影响最大,其次为总磷.该研究拟为求索溪及类似校园河道的水环境治理研究提供基础依据和参考.     

Potential of plant polyphenol oxidases in the decolorization and removal of textile and non-textile dyes

In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.