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为进一步深化长江流域水生态环境保护的系统性、整体性科学认识,围绕长江水生态环境安全的主要问题及形势进行了剖析,提出了进一步加强长江流域水生态环境安全保障的对策建议.研究表明:在水环境质量方面,磷污染成为制约水质改善的主要影响因素,农业源排放量占比高,但工业源入河对水体的影响更直接,水库群运行带来的水沙条件变化对磷污染沿程演变有明显影响;在水生态健康方面,长江水生生物资源衰退、湖库富营养化格局发生改变、湿地生态功能退化问题突出;在水环境风险方面,化工围江、航运污染风险引起广泛关注.当前长江流域面临着源头区水资源战略储备减少、区域经济发展与生态环境保护双重压力仍较大、水环境质量仍存问题隐患、水生态系统退化态势未得到根本遏制等复杂且严峻的形势,未来长江水生态环境安全保障仍有诸多挑战.建议统筹长江全流域“一盘棋”,推进区域绿色协调发展,强化磷污染点面源综合管控,着力提升水生态健康水平,同时加快水环境风险隐患排查整治,强化科技创新有效供给. 相似文献
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北京城市郊区化对郊区生态环境的影响与对策 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
我国部分大城市已进入工业与人口等从城市中心区向郊区分散的郊区化阶段。本文以北京市为例,分析了北京市工业与人口等郊区化的现状特点,揭示了郊区化对北京市郊区生态环境的影响,提出了为保护郊区生态环境所应采取的城市规划与管理对策。 相似文献
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程海湖流域生态环境现状及保护 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
由于自然原因和人为影响,程海湖周围生态系统严重退化,湖泊水质污染加重,已进入营养向富营养化趋进的过程。必须从宏观调控、入湖污染物总量控制、水资源管理、水污染控制和陆地生态建设等方面采取相应对策,以控制恶化,改善生态环境。 相似文献
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Yin Chengqing 《环境科学学报(英文版)》1989,1(2):23-28
Yuxi River-Chaohu Lake water suffers greatly from the ecological problems of eutrophication, high turbidity, organic pollution, disappearance of littoral macrophyte, bank erosion and reduction of economic fishery products. With Micro-cystis dominant, it is a degenerated and weak ecosystem. Its vicious cycling is caused by too much nutrient load, high spring water level and improper management of the water. The point sources of pollution from cities and industries contribute more than 50% of nutrient load. Soil erosion and fertilizer loss from late rice fields are important factors in non-point nutrient load. The disappearing littoral zone can neither give enough protection for the bank nor provide proper habitats for the biota. The feasibility of " ecological water level proposal" and means to reduce nutrient load are discussed to improve the habitat environment for both the nature and human being. 相似文献
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松花江具有冰封期较长,江水中有机毒物难降解、迁移距离长等环境特点.为了控制污染、保护生态环境、维护生态安全、结合松花江特点,研究并制定了松花江氯苯类有机污染物水质标准.本标准已列为地方标准(GB23/T901-2005). 相似文献
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选取马鞍山市范围内在行政区域、作物种类和土壤质量上有明显不同的3个基本农田区作为监测评价对象,监测项目包括土壤理化性质、无机和有机污染物共15项.根据监测结果,采用单项污染指数和综合污染指数来评价土壤环境质量.结果表明:3块基本农田所测的无机和有机污染物含量,全部达标;按污染指数综合平均值评价,3块基本农田均为清洁(安全)等级.最后分析了污染成因并提出建议. 相似文献
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粤东揭阳市环境污染控制对策研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
当前,粤东揭阳市生态环境问题突出,主要表现为水体污染和固体废物污染严重、局部空气质量差、生态系统可持续发展能力较差、环境能力建设薄弱和潜在的环境危害日趋严重,未来环境保护工作面临巨大压力,解决地区环境污染的控制对策应主要从以下五方面着手:产业布局及污染控制、清洁生产与循环经济、饮用水源地保护、生态环境保护与完善环境管理能力建设。 相似文献
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以城市硬底化为主导的城市人工生态系统极大地改变了城市地表界质,弱化了自然生态系统的功能,导致了城市热岛效应、城市水害、环境污染等诸多问题出现并不断加剧。文章提出"城市水窗"的概念,并探讨了其涵义、类型和作用,提出了在城市生态系统中如何通过"城市水窗"的建设强化城市人工生态系统中土壤圈等自然生态系统的功能建议。 相似文献
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本溪市环境质量“十五”与“九五”相比有了明显好转,本文就环境质量现状分布规律及变化因素进行了综合分析,并提出了进一步改善环境质量的对策。 相似文献
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《环境科学学报(英文版)》2023,35(3):678-690
Antibiotics in soil environment are regarded as emerging pollutants and have introduced increasing risks to soil ecosystem and human health in rapid urbanization areas. Identifying the occurrence and spatial variability of antibiotics in soils is an urgent issue in sustaining soil security. In this study, antibiotics in soils were investigated and analyzed in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration. The occurrence, spatial distribution, and related affecting factors of antibiotics in soils were identified and ecological risks of antibiotics in soil environment were assessed. Results showed that (1) The mean concentration of soil antibiotics in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration was 21.79 µg/kg. Land use substantially affected the occurrence and concentration of antibiotics in soils. Concentrations of antibiotics in cropland and orchard soils were 2-3 times higher than the other land use types. (2) The concentrations of antibiotics in soils in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration presented a spatial pattern of high values in southeast, and low values in northwest. Spatial variability of antibiotics in soils was closely related to the application of organic fertilizer and wastewater irrigation as well as topographical features. Furthermore, soil properties and land management policy had substantial influences on soil antibiotics, and soil heavy metals may aggravate the accumulation of antibiotics in soils. (3) Ecological risks assessment of antibiotics in soils demonstrated that erythromycin (ERY), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and doxycycline (DOX) may introduce high risks to soil ecosystem health, and more attention should be paid to the areas with intensive human activities that had potential high risk to soil ecosystem health. This study suggests that scientific land and soil management should be considered to prevent soil antibiotic pollution and sustain soil security in urban agglomeration. 相似文献
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近年来海南东寨港红树林湿地生态环境受到严重污染,加之从2012年来以有孔团水虱为主的海洋污损动物在保护区内大面积爆发,使红树林遭受严重破坏。因此对海南东寨港红树林湿地进行污染监测、污染源分析及生态系统健康诊断、评估、预警是非常必要的。本文在对东寨港红树林湿地连续5 a监测和污染调查的基础上,采用单因子污染指数法、内梅罗指数法和综合营养状态指数法评价海南东寨港红树林自然保护区的污染状况和变化特征,探究其主要污染因子及其成因,并根据评价结果对红树林湿地生态系统的恢复提出相应对策与建议。研究结果显示在近5 a的时间里海南东寨港红树林湿地经历了从2013年—2015年污染程度逐渐减轻,到2016年—2017年污染情况再次严重的过程。根据三种污染评价方法得出近两年塔市、山尾村、三江镇区域水质污染和富营养化情况最严重,水体污染以有机质和氮污染为主。相关管理部门应加强监管并采取相应措施,控制高位池养虾数量,实施退塘还林及虾塘养殖废水处理等措施,尽快使海南东寨港红树林生态系统得以恢复。 相似文献