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燃煤电厂灰场排水除氟研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文研究了采用天然斜发沸石—硫酸铝钾体系对燃煤电厂灰场排水中氟的吸附效果及影响因素,并对吸附与再生过程的机理进行了探讨。研究结果表明,天然斜发沸石—硫酸铝钾体系除氟效果良好,运行成本也比较低。 相似文献
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粉煤灰中氟污染地下水的试验研究 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:5
近年来,随着工业的发展,电能消耗日益增加,供需矛盾日益突出,为缓解用电的紧张局势,我国北方以煤为燃料的小火电厂时有投建和落成,其中很多电厂,将水力冲出的粉煤灰漓干后,运出厂外,进行填沟造田,而且很多干沟灰场都临近城镇居民地下饮用水源地之上(如陕西渭南电厂,渭河电厂,旬邑电厂等)。为了弄清这种堆灰是否因降雨,尤其是酸性降雨长期淋溶下渗而使粉煤灰中的氟 相似文献
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灰场评价是电厂环境影响评价中非常重要的部分,粉煤灰的性质,决定了空气环境影响评价在贮灰场的评价中具有重要的地位和作用。而贮灰场源强的计算,则是贮灰场空气评价的关键。本文结合实际工作,从贮灰场空气污染源产生环节分析入手,结合已有资料,分别讨论了干式贮灰场空气污染源中表层起尘量和自卸汽车卸料起尘量的影响因素及源强计算,并根据其影响因素,总结了贮灰场空气污染防治措施的一些要点,希望对广大环评工作者有所裨益。 相似文献
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燃煤电厂氟的迁移转化与治疗对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
煤中的氟在电厂生产过程中以气氟、消气缆渣氟的形式扩散到周围环境中。本文以燃用高氟煤的淮北电厂为例,分析了氟的多转化规律。并提出了综合治理电厂氟污染的对策,结果表明,电厂的氟主要来自高氟煤,约占电感和排放总氟的97%;湿法尘系统的渣氟、水氟和气氟排放量分别占其癖排放量的52.5%,34.4%、12.2%,干法除尘系统则分别占其总排放量的43.5%、9.5% 42.0%。 相似文献
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火电厂燃煤中氟化物的转化迁移问题 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
火电厂燃煤中氟化物的转化迁移问题张家骅,李素珍武汉水利电力大学430072目前国内不少燃煤电厂的灰场排水氟化物存在着超标问题,不仅污染了水环境,而且也增加了电厂污染物排放费用,为了顺利地开展灰水氟超标的治理工作,有必要首先通过调查研究,摸清燃煤电厂生... 相似文献
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本文通过济南市化工厂工业氟污染源搬迁前后氟化氢污染状况对比,分析了氟污染对该区社会生态环境的影响。论述了氟利昂生产车间搬迁前氟污染对城市社会生态环境造成的危害和搬迁后城市社会生态环境的改善。 相似文献
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氟(F)污染是严重影响人类及动植物生长的环境问题之一,而人类活动已经成为新型环境氟污染的来源之一。调查了运城盆地不同类型工农业污染源中氟的浓度水平,并研究了固体工业污染源中氟在淋滤作用下的环境释出行为。结果表明:采集的固体工业污染源样品中总氟含量最高为1 479.9 mg/kg,平均含量为763.21mg/kg,远高于我国土壤氟含量的平均水平;农药和化肥样品中氟含量均较高,最高含量可达1 161.21mg/kg。氟淋滤试验结果显示:化工厂污染源中的氟溶解性较好,氟释出浓度高达11.0mg/L,具有较大的环境氟污染风险;两种碱性电解质淋滤液Na_2CO_3和NaHCO_3均对氟离子(F~-)的释出有较明显的促进作用。其作用机理包括CO_3~(2-)和HCO_3~-对F~-的竞争性解吸附和离子浓度(主要为Na~+)增加对F~-的络合性释出。 相似文献
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乡镇铝厂大气氟污染对区域冬小麦生长影响的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对郑州市某乡镇电解铝厂附近的参气,土壤及冬小麦等生态因素含氟量的分析与研究,表明:(1)铝厂所排放的化物是造成冬小麦减产的主要原因:(2)冬小麦各部位器官含量与距污染源的距离呈负相关;(3)对电解铝生产过程排放的气态氟化物应采取相应的治理和防护措施。 相似文献
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本文根据宁夏固原饮水型氟中毒事件,从氟污染的形成,氟的环境化学特性及其迁移转化,氟对人体健康的影响,氟中毒的机制原理等几个方面进行了阐述,并提出防治对策及治理措施。 相似文献
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The rapid development of the fluorinated pesticide industry has produced a large amount of fluorine-containing hazardous waste, especially inorganic fluoride-containing waste(IFCW). A two-step process, including extraction and recovery, was developed to recover fluorine as synthetic cryolite from IFCW produced by the pesticide industry. The optimum conditions for extraction were found to be a temperature of 75℃, an initial p H(p Hi) of 12, a4-hr incubation time and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 40 m L/g; these conditions resulted in a fluorine extraction ratio of 99.0%. The effects of p H and the F/Al molar ratio on fluorine recovery and the compositional, mineralogical and morphological characteristics of the cryolite products were investigated. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy of recovered precipitates showed changes in morphology with the F/Al molar ratio. Coupling Fourier transform and infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction indicated that the formation of Al F3-6was restricted as increasing p H. Both the amount of fluorine recovered and the quality of the cryolite were optimized at initial p H = 3 and a F/Al molar ratio 5.75. This study proposed a reliable and environmentally friendly method for the treatment of fluoridecontaining wastes, which could be suitable for industrial applications. 相似文献
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植物叶片中氟的测定一般采用离子选择电极法,离子色谱法对其测定还鲜见报道,本文对用离子色谱方法测定植物叶片中的氟进行了探讨。 相似文献
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The rapid development of the fluorinated pesticide industry has produced a large amount of fluorine-containing hazardous waste, especially inorganic fluoride-containing waste (IFCW). A two-step process, including extraction and recovery, was developed to recover fluorine as synthetic cryolite from IFCW produced by the pesticide industry. The optimum conditions for extraction were found to be a temperature of 75°C, an initial pH (pHi) of 12, a 4-hr incubation time and a liquid-to-solid ratio of 40 mL/g; these conditions resulted in a fluorine extraction ratio of 99.0%. The effects of pH and the F/Al molar ratio on fluorine recovery and the compositional, mineralogical and morphological characteristics of the cryolite products were investigated. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy of recovered precipitates showed changes in morphology with the F/Al molar ratio. Coupling Fourier transform and infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction indicated that the formation of AlF63 − was restricted as increasing pH. Both the amount of fluorine recovered and the quality of the cryolite were optimized at initial pH = 3 and a F/Al molar ratio 5.75. This study proposed a reliable and environmentally friendly method for the treatment of fluoride-containing wastes, which could be suitable for industrial applications. 相似文献
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选择我国4家电厂的6台煤粉锅炉,进行了烟气以及飞灰、底渣、脱硫石膏等燃煤副产物样品的采集和F(氟)含量分析,考察燃煤电厂F排放特征. 结果表明:经过烟气除尘、脱硫及脱硝装置后,烟气中氟化物浓度明显降低; 除尘器主要脱除烟气中颗粒态F,静电除尘器对烟气中氟化物的总脱除效率为19.50%~36.59%,布袋除尘器的脱除效率略高于静电除尘器;石灰石-石膏湿法脱硫装置可协同脱除烟气中94.19%的氟化物. 燃煤中的F经过燃烧和烟气净化装置后,有0.83%~3.37%由底渣排放;1.20%~2.00%转移到脱硫废水中;13.45%~33.80%转移到飞灰中;59.60%~79.66%转移到脱硫石膏中;只有2.04%~5.00%通过烟囱排入大气. 相似文献
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氟离子选择电极在环境监测中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
氟离子选择性电极测定大气、水、土壤等环境中的氟 ,克服了以往测氟方法中 (蒸馏法 ,滴定法 ,扩散法等 )的操作烦琐、费时、干扰重等缺点 ,具有操作方便、设备简单 ,灵敏度高 ,能快速连续测定等优点。 相似文献