树脂对酚类化合物吸附热力学研究

重点研究了超高交联树脂NDA-110对苯酚和对硝基酚的吸附等温线、吸附热力学研究,实验结果表明:苯酚和对硝基酚在NDA-110树脂上表现为自发的放热的物理吸附过程。阐述了超高交联树脂对于酚类化合物的吸附机理,为树脂固定床吸附酚类化合物的研究和实际工业应用提供了理论基础。     

硫脲修饰超高交联聚苯乙烯树脂吸附Cr（Ⅵ）

以氯甲基聚苯乙烯树脂（CMPS）为前体,经后交联反应合成超高交联树脂（J-2）,再经硫脲胺基改性得到硫脲修饰超高交联聚苯乙烯树脂（TU-PS）.通过BET、FTIR等对树脂结构进行表征,并考察了pH、吸附温度、接触时间等因素对TU-PS改性树脂吸附Cr（Ⅵ）性能的影响.结果表明,改性树脂（TU-PS）对Cr（Ⅵ）吸附的最佳条件为：Cr（Ⅵ）初始浓度为500 mg·L^-1、初始pH值为2、树脂用量为2.5 g·L^-1、吸附温度为45 ℃、吸附时间为6 h.在此最佳条件下,TU-PS树脂对Cr（Ⅵ）的最大吸附量为140.00 mg·g^-1,去除率为70.18%.吸附过程符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和 准二级动力学模型,吸附过程以单分子层化学吸附为主.TU-PS树脂对Cr（Ⅵ）的吸附是静电吸附和化学吸附共同作用的结果.     

吸附树脂对苯甲酸的吸附动力学研究

对比超高交联吸附树脂NJ 8与AmberliteXAD 4对苯甲酸的静态吸附动力学性质 ,并深入讨论温度和起始浓度对平衡时间和吸附速率的影响。NJ 8和XAD 4两种树脂在吸附苯甲酸的过程中 ,膜扩散和颗粒内扩散均为主控步骤 ,但是前者颗粒内扩散占据优势 ,而后者膜扩散占据优势     

高比表面积极性吸附树脂的制备及其对硝基苯吸附性能的研究

对聚氯甲基苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯树脂进行羟基修饰,制得羟基修饰的超高交联吸附树脂,探讨了修饰单体的加入量对硝基苯吸附量的影响.结合吸附热力学特点,对硝基苯在两种树脂上吸附过程的吸附焓变、自由能变、吸附熵变进行了理论计算,并对吸附行为进行了合理的解释.通过对硝基苯在吸附树脂上293 K、303 K和313 K温度下的吸附等温...     

超高交联吸附树脂的孔结构对CS2的吸附-脱附的影响

以苯乙烯为单体、二乙烯苯为交联剂、氯甲醚为氯甲基化试剂,通过改变致孔剂(甲苯或者液体石蜡)种类和交联剂用量,合成出具有不同孔结构的系列超高交联吸附树脂.柱穿透吸附实验结果表明,超高交联吸附树脂对CS₂的吸附量与0.4～1nm之间的微孔体积有关,而与比表面积、微孔体积(0～2nm)无明显相关性;程序升温脱附实验结果表明,当吸附树脂具有更高比例的中孔和大孔孔容时,CS₂脱附的峰值温度更低,脱附更容易.     

树脂吸附法处理煤气废水的试验研究

煤气废水是煤气加压气化后的废弃产物,物质成分复杂,是污水处理的难题.树脂法水处理广泛应用在水处理中.依据树脂吸附原理,采用大孔径吸附树脂、超高交联树脂和络合吸附树脂,时煤气废水的处理过程及使用效果进行了一系列试验研究,确定了固定床吸附工艺是煤气废水生化水处理的前提及其经济适用性.     

树脂吸附法处理煤气废水的试验研究

煤气废水是煤气加压气化后的废弃产物,物质成分复杂，是污水处理的难题。树脂法水处理广泛应用在水处理中。依据树脂吸附原理，采用大孔径吸附树脂、超高交联树脂和络合吸附树脂,对煤气废水的处理过程及使用效果进行了一系列试验研究，确定了固定床吸附工艺是煤气废水生化水处理的前提及其经济适用性。     

吸附树脂吸附多组分VOCs的动力学特性及预测

采用微分吸附床（DAB）法研究甲苯、环己烷、正戊烷的单组分、双组分和三组分在2种不同孔结构吸附树脂上的吸附动力学行为,探讨了吸附树脂的孔结构对吸附动力学的影响,建立多组分吸附动力学预测模型.结果表明,单组分甲苯、环己烷和正戊烷在2种吸附树脂上吸附扩散阻力同时存在于微孔孔口和孔内,符合孔口-孔内双阻力模型（Dual模型）;采用孔口-孔内双阻力模型结合扩展Langmuir多组分吸附平衡方程,可根据单组分吸附动力学数据较好地预测双组分和三组分VOCs在2种吸附树脂上的吸附动力学曲线,预测值与实验值间的平均相对误差小于17%;相比于大孔吸附树脂,各组分在超高交联吸附树脂上吸附过程存在明显的竞争取代,取代顺序为甲苯 > 环己烷 > 正戊烷.     

双组分VOCs在吸附树脂上的吸附穿透特性

选取超高交联吸附树脂（H-resin）和大孔吸附树脂（M-resin）作为吸附剂，采用固定床吸附法研究了单、双组分的正戊烷和环己烷在2种不同孔结构吸附树脂上的吸附穿透特性.结果表明：2种吸附树脂对正戊烷和环己烷的吸附主要依靠色散力作用，吸附树脂对摩尔极化率大的环己烷有更优秀的吸附能力.双组分吸附实验中，由于富含微孔的H-resin对不同组分VOCs的吸附作用力差别大，发生环己烷取代正戊烷的现象，并且取代随环己烷浓度升高而更加显著，但吸附温度由30升至50℃过程中，取代现象减弱.M-resin的孔主要分布在中、大孔区，对环己烷和正戊烷的吸附作用力相近，因而正戊烷和环己烷在M-resin上始终为共同吸附.     

对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附性能

用二氯乙烷为溶剂,用FeCl3为催化剂,使氯球和对乙酰氨基酚发生Friedel-Crafts反应制得了对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂,对其结构进行了表征,研究乙酰氨基和酚羟基二类氢键作用位点修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附性能.结果表明,红外光谱显示对乙酰氨基酚已被成功地修饰在后交联树脂上.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂与氯球相比,BET比表面积、孔容明显增大,孔径明显变小.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附量明显高于75%活性炭的聚砜微球对双酚A的吸附量.对乙酰氨基酚修饰的后交联树脂对双酚A的吸附为放热、自发的过程;树脂可以用100%酒精解吸,解吸率为99.92%;吸附动力学数据符合一级吸附速率方程,颗粒内扩散是吸附速率的主要控制步骤,吸附速率同时还受液膜扩散的影响.     

Adsorption of catechol from aqueous solution by aminated hypercrosslinked polymers

Adsorption of catechol from aqueous solution with the hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent NDA-100 and its derivatives AH-1,AH-2 and AH-3 aminated by dimethylamine, the commercial resin Amberlite XAD-4 and weakly basic anion exchanger resin D301 was compared. It was found that the aminated hypercrosslinked resins had the highest adsorption capacities among the tested polymers. The empirical Freundlich equation was successfully employed to describe the adsorption process. Specific surface area and micropore structure of the adsorbent, in company with tertiary amino groups on matrix affected the adsorption performance towards catechol. In addition, thermodynamic study was carried out to interpret the adsorption mechanism. Kinetic study testified that the tertiary amino groups on the polymer matrix could decrease the adsorption rate and increase the adsorption apparent activation energy.     

疏水性超高交联吸附树脂对氯代烃蒸气的固定床吸附特性研究

采用固定床吸附法研究了三氯乙烯（TCE）、 1,2-二氯乙烷（DCE）和三氯甲烷（TCM）共3种氯代烃类蒸气在疏水性超高交联吸附树脂LC-1上的动态吸附行为.结果表明, TCE、 DCE和TCM蒸气的初始浓度、 气体流速和吸附温度均会影响动态吸附过程,随着初始浓度、 气体流速和吸附温度的增大,穿透时间变短,传质区长度增大,其中气体流速的影响最大;采用半经验数学模型Yoon-Nelson模型对吸附穿透实验数据进行拟合,拟合相关性系数R²≥0.994.     

Adsorption of phenolic compounds from aqueous solutions by aminated hypercrosslinked polymers

Two novel polymers （NJ-1 and N J-2） were synthesized by chemically modified a hypercrosslinked polymer NJ-0 with dimethylamine and trimethylamine, respectively. The comparison of the adsorption properties of the three polymers toward phenol, resorcin and phloroglucin was made. The study focused on the static equilibrium adsorption behaviors and the adsorption thermodynamics. Freundlich equation was found to fit the adsorption results well. The effect of amino groups introduced onto the surface of the resin and the structure of phenolic compounds on the adsorption were also studied. The hydrogen-bonding interaction and electrostatic interaction could happen between the amino groups and the adsorbates. The adsorption impetus increased as quantity of hydroxyl groups increased, but the adsorption capacity decreased due to the drop of the matching degree of the aperture of resins and the diameter of adsorbate molecules.     

树脂吸附法处理黄连素模拟废水

利用树脂吸附法对黄连素模拟废水进行了试验研究,对5种大孔吸附树脂进行初步筛选,从中优选出最佳吸附树脂(大孔树脂H103)。考察了pH和树脂投加量对吸附效果的影响,绘制了动力学曲线和吸附等温线。结果表明:在黄连素浓度为1 000 mg/L,最佳初始pH为7.0的条件下,树脂最佳投加量为3.0 g。在最佳pH条件下,吸附等温线可用Freundlich等温吸附方程描述。     

Adsorption mechanism of phenolic compounds from aqueous solution on hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbent

The adsorption of two phenols, namely, phenol and salicylic acid(SA) onto a water-compatible hypercrosslinked polymeric resin (NJ-8) were studied in terms of pseudo-second-order and first order mechanisms for chemical sorption as well as an intraparticle diffusion mechanism process. Kinetic analysis showed that the intraparticle diffusion process was the essential rate-controlling step. The activation energies of sorption have also been evaluated with the pseudo-second-order and intraparticle diffusion constants, respectively. Adsorption equilibrium data were well fitted by the Langmuir, Freundlich and Redlich-Peterson isotherms. Adsorption was exothermic and basically of a type of transition between physical and chemical character. The sorption capacity was higher for SA due to its more hydrophobic. Phenol has a higher adsorption enthalpy since it could form stronger hydrogen bonding on NJ-8.     

Adsorption selectivity of salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid onto hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents

Both bottle-point and column-feeding experiments involving different solutes and sorbents were carried out to investigate the adsorption selectivity and separation performance of salicylic acid and 5-sulfosalicylic acid. Their adsorption isotherms onto such hypercrosslinked polymeric adsorbents as NDA-100 and NDA-99 could be well described by the Freundlich equations whose characteristics describe extrathermic and favorable adsorption processes. The adsorption towards NDA-100 mainly depended on the π-π interaction, while that towards NDA-99 was extremely influenced by the static-electric interaction. Additionally, the adsorptive capacity of salicylic acid on NDA-99 decreased while it increased on NDA-100 with the presence of 5-sulfosalicylic acid in the adsorptive environment as the competitive component. Comparatively, the adsorption capacity of 5-sulfosalicylic acid decreased on both resins with salicylic acid as the competitive component. In fact, the difference in the interaction between adsorbent and adsorbate resulted in the straight antagonism on the effective adsorption sites on the adsorbent. In conclusion, the adsorption selectivity of salicylic acid onto NDA-100 was obviously larger than that onto NDA-99 with the existence of 5-sulfosalicylic acid in the adsorptive environment. A satisfactory separation and recovery of tested solutes in aqueous phase could be foreseeably achieved by the sequencing adsorption technique involving NDA-100 as well as NDA-99. Translated from Environmental Pollution & Control, 2005, 27(8): 570–574 [译自: 环境污染与防治]