共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Yishan Lin Yanling He Zhuo Meng Shucheng Yang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2008,2(2):241-246
The direct conversion of methanol into methane is the main process in anaerobic treatment of methanol containing wastewater. However, acetic acid can also be produced from methanol theoretically, which may probably result in an abrupt pH drop and deteriorate the anaerobic process. Therefore, it is interesting to know what would really happen in an anaerobic reactor treating methanol wastewater. In this study, an up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor treating methanol wastewater was operated. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), acetic acid and pH of the effluent were monitored at different loadings and influent alkalinity. The results showed that the anaerobic reactor could be operated steadily at as low as 119 mg/L of influent alkalinity and high organic loading rate with no obvious pH drops. Volatile fatty acids accumulation was not observed even at strong shock loadings. The microorganisms in the sludge at the end of the test became homogeneous in morphology, which were mainly spherical or spheroidal in shape. 相似文献
2.
Shucheng Yang Yanling He Yonghong Liu Charles Chou Pengxiang Zhang Dongqi Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2010,4(2):142-149
Calcium carbonate often precipitates in anaerobic reactors treating wastewater with high calcium content. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of wastewater composition on calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors. Two laboratory-scale UASB reactors were operated with calcium-containing influents using acetate and carbohydrate as substrate, respectively. There was an obvious accumulation of inorganic precipitate observed in the biogranules. Observations via scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the acclimated biogranules in the two reactors differed in microstructure. Calcium carbonate was found to have precipitated on the surface of acetate-degrading biogranules, but precipitated at the core of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules. The results indicated that substrates had significant influence on the location of calcium carbonate precipitation in anaerobic granular sludge, which was expected due to the different methanogens distribution and pH gradient within the granular sludge degrading various substrates. Moreover, the location of calcium carbonate precipitation substantially affected the specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of the granular sludge. The SMA of the acetate-degrading biogranules dropped from \(1.96 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1} \) to \(0.61 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1} \) after 180-d of operation in the reactor. However, the SMA of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules was not adversely affected by calcium carbonate precipitation. 相似文献
3.
糖蜜酒精废水两相UASB处理工艺的酸化段特征 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
文章考察了糖蜜酒精废水二相UASB处理工艺的酸化段特征 ,试验结果表明酸化段的容积负荷达到3 0kgCOD/m3 时 ,系统仍能正常运行 ,TOC去除率在 3 5%以上 ,酸化段的SO4 2 -去除率在 70 %。糖蜜酒精废水酸化率在 50 % ,二相厌氧生物处理系统并未将产酸微生物与产甲烷微生物截然分开 ,在产酸相中仍含有一定数量的产甲烷菌。 相似文献
4.
三种工业废水颗粒污泥的化学及微生物学组成 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:8
对UASB反应器中处理酒精废醪、木材纤维板热压废水及石灰法造纸黑液颗粒污泥的化学及微生物组成进行了比较研究,结果表明:无机元素在颗粒污泥中的沉积与废水组成及运行条件密切相关;接种污泥中加入少量的颗粒污泥可作为新生颗粒污泥的生长核心;胞外多聚物有利于颗粒污泥的形成与稳定,其产量与颗粒污泥的生物量有关,其分布有一定的区域性;颗粒污泥的微生物组成与废水水质、运行温度及颗粒污泥所处的生理阶段等因素密切相关;丝状细菌,特别是索氏甲烷丝菌类似菌在颗粒污泥中起着重要作用;污泥颗粒化过程中各类生理菌群的增殖次序与其在厌氧消化过程中的功能次序一致。当发酵细菌、产氢产乙酸菌、同型产乙酸菌和产甲烷菌在每mL颗粒污泥中分别达到107-10、105-7、106-8和105-6个时,可构成一个较稳定的厌氧微生态系统。 相似文献
5.
降解四氯乙烯厌氧菌的分离和特征 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
马光庭 《应用与环境生物学报》1998,4(2):196-199
从降解四氯乙烯沼气污泥富集培养物中分离得到4株厌氧菌,其中2株为弧菌(Vibrio),其细胞弧状,分别端单生,丛生鞭毛;1株是杆菌(Bacillus),其细胞杆状,G-,无鞭毛和芽孢;1株为甲烷八叠球菌(Methanosarcina),其细胞球状,成堆排列.4株菌均可以甲醇为碳源,并具有不同强度降解四氯乙烯的活性. 相似文献
6.
Qiong Guo Zhichao Yang Bingliang Zhang Ming Hua Changhong Liu Bingcai Pan 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(6):71
7.
UASB和EGSB反应器中厌氧颗粒污泥生物学特性的比较 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
测定了实验室规模的2L EGSB和UASB反应器中培养的厌氧颗粒污泥在不同基质中的比产甲烷活性、辅酶F420含量和胞外多聚酶物含量,结果表明,EGSB反应器颗粒污泥在葡萄糖上的比产甲烷活性、利用乙酸的甲烷菌和产氢产乙酸菌的活怀和胞外多聚物/含量高于UASB反应器颗粒污泥,而UASB反应器颗粒污泥中利用甲酸和氢的甲烷菌的活性以及辅酶F420的含量较EGSB反应器颗粒污泥更高,辅酶F420可以指示同种 相似文献
8.
9.
Cheng Hou Xinbai Jiang Na Li Zhenhua Zhang Qian Zhang Jinyou Shen Xiaodong Liu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2022,16(8):98
10.
Xuejiang Wang Siqing Xia Jianfu Zhao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2008,2(2):198-202
The biosorption of Direct Black 38 by dried anaerobic granular sludge in a batch system under specific temperatures and initial pH was investigated. The adsorption reaction is pH dependent with higher removal at low pH. The adsorption equilibrium data fit very well with both Langmuir and Freundlich models in the concentration range of Direct Black 38 at all chosen temperatures. The adsorption parameters show that the adsorption of Direct Black 38 is an endothermic and more effective process at high temperatures. The kinetics of adsorption was found to be second order and adsorption rate constants increased with increasing temperature. Activation energy was determined as 26.8 kJ/mol for the process. This suggests that the adsorption of Direct Black 38 by dried anaerobic granular sludge is chemically controlled. 相似文献
11.
氨氮废水的厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用从厌氧污泥中筛选和驯化的厌氧氨氧化(Anammox)菌直接启动UASB反应器,通过缩短水力停留时间(HRT)提高系统运行负荷,探讨水力停留时间对模拟废水脱氮性能的影响。结果表明,(1)富含Anammox菌的颗粒污泥能够快速启动反应器(只需14d)。(2)连续91d的HRT测试期间,系统具有良好的脱氮性能,且随着HRT的缩短,系统的脱氮效率具有波动上升的特点。NH4+-N、NO2--N和TN(总氮)的平均去除率超过70.0%。(3)系统总氮容积负荷(TNLR)和总氮去除负荷(TNRR)最大值(以N计)分别为2.04kg·m-3·d-1和1.56kg·m-3·d-1。(4)系统能够比较好的遵循Anammox生物脱氮的理论途径:NH4+-N、NO2--N的去除速率与NO3--N的生成速率的比例为1?1.15?0.22,与其相应理论值(1?1.32?0.26)非常接近。 相似文献
12.
Guangqing Song Hongbo Xi Xiumei Sun Yudong Song Yuexi Zhou 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(5):10
13.
Yujiao Sun Juanjuan Zhao Lili Chen Yueqiao Liu Jiane Zuo 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(4):10
A laboratory scale up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) bioreactor fed with synthetic wastewater was operated with simultaneous methanogenesis and denitrification (SMD) granules for 235 days with a gradient decrease of C/N. Molecular cloning, qRT-PCR and T-RFLP were applied to study the methanogenic community structures in SMD granules and their changes in response to changing influent C/N. The results indicate that when C/N was 20:1, the methane production rate was fastest, and Methanosaetaceae and Methanobacteriaceae were the primary methanogens within the Archaea. The richness and evenness of methanogenic bacteria was best with the highest T-RFLP diversity index of 1.627 in the six granular sludge samples. When C/N was reduced from 20:1 to 5:1, the methanogenic activity of SMD granules decreased gradually, and the relative quantities of methanogens decreased from 36.5% to 10.9%. The abundance of Methanosaetaceae in Archaea increased from 64.5% to 84.2%, while that of Methanobacteriaceae decreased from 18.6% to 11.8%, and the richness and evenness of methanogens decreased along with the T-RFLP diversity index to 1.155, suggesting that the community structure reflected the succession to an unstable condition represented by high nitrate concentrations.
相似文献
14.
Mengchuan Shui Feng Ji Rui Tang Shoujun Yuan Xinmin Zhan Wei Wang Zhenhu Hu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(6):4
Roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid, ROX) has been widely used for decades as an organoarsenic feed additive to control intestinal parasites and improve feed efficiency in animal production. However, most of the ROX is excreted into the manure, causing arsenic contamination in wastewater. The arsenic compounds are toxic to microorganisms, but the influence of continuous ROX loading on upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor is still unknown. In this study, the impact of ROX and its degradation products on the performance of the UASB reactor and the degradation and speciation of ROX in the reactor were investigated. The UASB reactor (hydraulic retention time: 1.75 d) was operated using synthetic wastewater supplemented with ROX for a period of 260 days. With continuous ROX addition at 25.0 mg·L–1, severe inhibition to methanogenic activity occurred after 87 days operation accompanied with an accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and a decline in pH. The decrease of added ROX concentration to 13.2 mg·L–1 did not mediate the inhibition. As(III), As (V), MMA(V), DMA(V), HAPA and an unknown arsenic compound were detected in the reactor, and a possible biotransformation pathway of ROX was proposed. Mass balance analysis of arsenic indicated that 60%–70% of the arsenic was discharged into the effluent, and 30%–40% was precipitated in the reactor. The results from this study suggest that we need to pay attention to the stability in the UASB reactors treating organoarsenic-contaminated manure and wastewater, and the effluent and sludge from the reactor to avoid diffusion of arsenic contamination. 相似文献
15.
氯霉素生产废水处理中UASB的两种启动方式比较 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
U A S B 反应器两种启动方式的比较研究结果表明,采用混合废水和氯霉素废水启动均能达到预期的目的;但采用混合废水启动可缩短23 % 的时间.生产中选用何种启动方式应而地制宜 相似文献
16.
Yi Chen Shilong He Mengmeng Zhou Tingting Pan Yujia Xu Yingxin Gao Hengkang Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(5):13
17.
Liguo Zhang Qiaoying Ban Jianzheng Li 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2018,12(4):4
18.
Ruijie Li Mengmeng Zhou Shilong He Tingting Pan Jing Liu Jiabao Zhu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(5):91
19.
Binbin Wang Dangcong Peng Xinyan Zhang Xiaochang Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2016,10(2):311-318
Anoxic granular sludge was developed in a laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactor which was fed with sodium acetate and sodium nitrate as electron donor and accepter. The sludge in the reactor was almost granulated after approximately 90 days of cultivation. In the present study, a detailed examination of surface morphology and internal structure of anoxic granular sludge was conducted using scanning electron microscope. It showed that the bacteria inside the granules had a uniform, coccus-like shape. By contrast, filamentous bacteria were predominant outside the granules. These bacteria were woven and had wrapped the coccus bacteria together to form granules. The small amounts of DO in the liquid bulk promoted the growth of filamentous bacteria on the surface of the granules. A string-bag hypothesis was proposed to elucidate the structure and formation of the anoxic granular sludge. It suggested that micro-aeration could be a method to promote granulation in practical anoxic treatment systems. 相似文献
20.
利用厌氧颗粒污泥处理氯代有毒有机物 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
用能进行还原脱氯的微生物富集物接种,在小型试验装置内成功地培养出了具有还原脱氯功能的颗粒污泥。五氯苯酚能被这种颗粒污染完全脱氯并进一步分解为甲烷和二氧化碳。四氯乙烯和其他氯代乙烯能被颗粒污还原脱氯为乙烯。这种脱氯的颗粒污泥可用来处理含有五氯苯酚和氯乙烯类的废水和地下水。 相似文献