工业生态学：一种新的清洁生产战略

提出了将工业生态学的原则在系统水平下应用到清洁生产计划中所使用的概念，战略和式具，为了使工业系统向可持续性发展。应该有系统地稳定废品和副产品的价格，把扩散的损失降至最小，使经济非物质化，并且由碳氢化合物之外的来源生产能源。作者在印度进行了许多研究，旨在检验并采用“工业的新陈代谢”方法论。     

风光电能驱动的曝气生物接触氧化水净化系统的研发

按照系统集成的设计思想,研发了利用太阳能、风能绿色能源驱动的风光电能河湖水体净化系统。系统由风光互补发电子系统、曝气生物接触氧化子系统、植物生态子系统3个部分组成。系统连续运行7个多月的水质检测结果表明,系统对于水体充氧和改善水质有比较强的功能,曝气区溶解氧保持在6.5~11.2 mg.L-1,系统净化处理后的水比原水水质提高1个等级。     

GIS系统在城市大气污染控制与能源结构优化中的应用

通过对GIS系统与能源结构优化模型和大气污染物控制模型的集成研究，开发出具有较强应用价值的GIS优化控制系统。该系统具有数据采集系统、分析系统和决策系统，可用于城市能源结构优化研究，大气污染控制研究，并可促进城市的可持续性发展。     

太阳能作污泥厌氧消化加热热源试验研究

太阳能用作污泥厌氧消化加热的可靠性进行了小试和中试研究.小试结果表明污泥吸热效率高.是一种较好的吸热体.浅槽式集热器水温随太阳辐射强度增高而升高,随水深增加而降低,小试采用单(双)层玻璃浅槽式集热器.中型试验太阳能水箱水温温升,在气温低时12.4℃～20.5℃,气温高时16℃～24.8℃,太阳能集热器可作为污泥厌氧消化加热补充热源.     

城市绿地系统动态及与土地利用关系研究—以上海西南地区为例

以上海西南地区为例，对城市边缘区包括公共绿地，大田，菜地，水体等在内地城市绿地系统特征及其演变进行分析，同时将其动态与其他土地利用类型进行比较研究，并在此基础上提出城市绿地系统建设的对策，要使城市绿化不滞后于城市建设，避免今后用昂贵的代价来发展绿化，关键是城市绿化应该扩大其概念的内涵，着重从城市绿地系统的角度来发展城市绿化，同时规划在前，确保土地资源，加强绿地系统研究，以提高城市生态质量。     

烟台市生态经济系统的能值分析

利用能值分析方法分析了2013年烟台市生态经济系统的能值流动状况,并提出了相应的能值利用调控对策。2013年烟台市生态经济系统的能值总用量为2.630×1023 sej,人均能值用量为4.044×10^16 sej,能值自给率为22.6%,能值密度为19.14×10^12sej/m^2,能值货币比率为2.848×10^12sej/,电力能值占能值总用量的比例为5.6%,由可更新资源及其产品支持的人口承载力为16.19×10^4人,由可更新资源及其产品、进口产品及技术共同支持的人口承载量为518.6×10^4人,能值可持续指标值为4.986。将上述计算结果与其它国家和地区进行比较表明：虽然目前烟台市经济较发达,能值利用效率和人民生活水平较高,生态经济系统的能值使用总体上符合区域可持续发展的要求,但系统能值自给率较低,生态环境比较脆弱,经济增长对外部输入的能源和资源依赖性较强。据此,提出了调整产业结构、转变经济增长方式、加强电力资源开发、发展科学教育事业等能值利用的调控对策。     

安徽省颍上县小张庄村能源开发利用现状及其优化结构研究

本文分析了小张庄村生态农村系统中的能源资源及消费现状,研究了能源资源开发利用的特点及综合经济效益,运用线性规划模型,以经济翻番,人民正常生活为前提,选择能源消费总量最低为目标函数,保护生态环境及合理利用资源为约束条件,设计该村能源开发利用的最优化结构。     

城市环境影响模拟的系统动力学研究

城市化进程的加快已导致严重的环境问题。对城市环境影响的模拟研究是确定合理的城市发展规模和制定科学的发展规划的重要依据,以采取措施从源头控制环境质量的恶化。城市环境属于复合多动态系统,传统的一些方法可以实现城市环境影响的模拟预测,但参数调控方面的功能较不完善。文章将基于信息反馈控制理论的系统动力学引入城市环境影响模拟中,构建城市环境、社会、经济之间的系统动力学模型,通过调整环保投入、科技投入、经济增长速率以及单位能耗等系统变量,对武汉市未来发展的主要污染物（SO2、COD）排放量和主要资源消耗量（能源、水）等进行了四种情景动态模拟。结果表明：（1）系统动力学适合于研究复杂系统行为,具有较强的模拟和调控能力,同时可以避免繁琐的计算和信息成本高等缺点;（2）＂两型＂发展模式（Ⅳ）下的资源消耗量和污染物排放量明显低于其它3种情景,但仍处于较高的水平。武汉市污染物削减、生态环境保护任务依然繁重,开发新的替代能源、提高资源利用率仍是今后工作的重点。     

世界新闻

对世界能源供应的巨大投资很可能将成为必需，企业的能源效率提高竞争力，中国绿色企业竞赛优胜者，欧委会资源利用新战略，欧洲的企业责任：教学和研究     

除石油外：一种面向未来的生物质能源

如果有效的生物质能源系统以低的机会成本使用各种材料、仅需少量资金投入而且有建设弹性的话，它们就会抓住良好的商业成功的机会.这些能源系统的开发需要考虑更大的能源自主和总能源效率；农村和城市的发展趋势；在环境上更合理转化和使用技术的出现；以及实现最大可能碳回收的方法.对巴西发展乙醇燃料给予特别的关注.     

Identifying the roots of Green Civil War over utility-scale solar energy projects on public lands across the American Southwest

Utility-scale solar energy (USSE) development is an emerging cause of land use change across the American Southwest. Many proposed projects in the region have encountered resistance from environmental groups because of concern about endangered, threatened, and special status species. Projects have also faced resistance from impacted local communities and Native American tribes. This research documents land use conflicts that surfaced during the initial wave of USSE development from 2009 to 2015. The goal is to identify potential roots of land use conflict over renewable energy development, to help explain why there is consistent support for renewables in general, but widespread opposition to projects during the proposal and development stages. The primary data presented include public comments to formal rule-making processes, semi-structured interviews conducted from 2009 to 2013, and various media sources. The paper concludes describing emerging planning frameworks that identify sites for USSE with fewer land use conflicts.     

紫色光合细菌捕获太阳能的分子机理

光合作用是地球上最重要的化学反应,生物体通过它捕获太阳能,转为化学能供生长繁殖需要.光合细菌是地球上最早出现的具有原始光能合成体系的微生物,其光合反应中心是一个由多种色素分子与蛋白质以非共价键方式结合的、具有特定构象的色素-蛋白复合体-光反应中心RC(Reaction center)和LH(Light Harvesting),光能通过电荷分离及电子转移反应转化为化学能,其效率是当前人工模拟远远不能及的.本文综述了紫色光合细菌捕获太阳能的分子结构、作用机理的研究进展,并结合作者在R.sphaeroides LHII蛋白组份同源及异源基因表达方面的研究结果进行相应的分析,明确了Rhodobacter sphaeroides基因组中同源基因puc2BA的表达特点和功能,Rhodovulum sulfidophilum pucsBA与R.sphaeroides pufBA能够同时在R.sphaeroides中表达,能同时形成LHII和LHI,并具有能量传递功能.     

川中浅丘农区坡地林农复合系统能量流的研究

对川中浅丘农区坡地林农复合系统和纯农地系统的能量流动过程进行了对比研究。结果表明，林农复合系统比对照农地系统具有更高的能量积累速率、光能利用率和辅助能转化率。     

Are policy incentives for solar power effective? Evidence from residential installations in the Northeast

State incentives for solar power have grown significantly in the past several years. This paper examines the effectiveness of policy incentives to increase residential solar photovoltaic (PV) capacity. We use county-level panel data and control for demographic characteristics, solar resources, and pro-environmental preferences. Results show that among financial incentives, rebates have the most impact with an additional $1 per watt rebate increasing annual PV capacity additions by close to 50%. Factors that affect financial returns to solar PV such as electricity price and solar insolation are also found to be significant. Results also point to a significant positive relationship between hybrid vehicle sales and residential PV capacity growth, indicating the importance of pro-environmental preferences as a predictor of solar PV demand. Back of the envelope calculations suggest that the cost of carbon mitigation through rebates is around $184 per ton of CO₂.     

沿海框围养鱼生态系统能量转换效率的分析

分析了沿海滩地３种框围养鱼方式（即精料、种草、化肥养鱼）的能量转换效率及种草养鱼的经济效益。初步得出：在沿海滩地低投入框围养鱼中应重视对太阳能的利用；种草养鱼在３种养鱼方式中能量转换效率最高，经济效益较佳，应推广种草养鱼技术，提高资源利用率。     

Wastewater treatment meets artificial photosynthesis: Solar to green fuel production,water remediation and carbon emission reduction

• Mitigating energy utilization and carbon emission is urgent for wastewater treatment. • MPEC integrates both solar energy storage and wastewater organics removal. • Energy self-sustaining MPEC allows to mitigate the fossil carbon emission. • MPEC is able to convert CO₂ into storable carbon fuel using renewable energy. • MPEC would inspire photoelectrochemistry by employing a novel oxidation reaction. Current wastewater treatment (WWT) is energy-intensive and leads to vast CO₂ emissions. Chinese pledge of “double carbon” target encourages a paradigm shift from fossil fuels use to renewable energy harvesting during WWT. In this context, hybrid microbial photoelectrochemical (MPEC) system integrating microbial electrochemical WWT with artificial photosynthesis (APS) emerges as a promising approach to tackle water-energy-carbon challenges simultaneously. Herein, we emphasized the significance to implement energy recovery during WWT for achieving the carbon neutrality goal. Then, we elucidated the working principle of MPEC and its advantages compared with conventional APS, and discussed its potential in fulfilling energy self-sustaining WWT, carbon capture and solar fuel production. Finally, we provided a strategy to judge the carbon profit by analysis of energy and carbon fluxes in a MPEC using several common organics in wastewater. Overall, MPEC provides an alternative of WWT approach to assist carbon-neutral goal, and simultaneously achieves solar harvesting, conversion and storage.     

天津节能减排、低碳发展战略思考

目前天津在节能减排、低碳发展方面取得了一定成效,但仍面临着巨大的压力。其主要原因：经济发展对能源消耗的依赖程度较高,能源消费对高碳能源的依赖程度过高,经济发展对高碳产业的依赖程度过高。因此,天津节能减排、低碳发展的战略目标应指向＂脱钩＂,即经济发展逐渐降低对能源消耗的依赖程度;战略核心在于能源消费要从源头上逐渐摆脱对高碳能源的过度依赖,经济发展要逐步摆脱对高碳产业和产业结构的过度依赖。     

Asymmetric circular-linear multivariate regression models with applications to environmental data

We propose asymmetric angular-linear multivariate regression models, which were motivated by the need to predict some environmental characteristics based on some circular and linear predictors. A measure of fit is provided through the residual analysis. Some applications using data from solar energy radiation experiment and wind energy are given. Received: September 2003 / Revised: February 2005     

Hybrid energy harvesting systems for self-powered sustainable water purification by harnessing ambient energy

● Energy harvesters harness multiple energies for self-powered water purification. ● Hybrid energy harvesters enable continuous output under fluctuating conditions. ● Mechanical, thermal, and solar energies enable synergic harvesting. ● Perspectives of hybrid energy harvester-driven water treatment are proposed. The development of self-powered water purification technologies for decentralized applications is crucial for ensuring the provision of drinking water in resource-limited regions. The elimination of the dependence on external energy inputs and the attainment of self-powered status significantly expands the applicability of the treatment system in real-world scenarios. Hybrid energy harvesters, which convert multiple ambient energies simultaneously, show the potential to drive self-powered water purification facilities under fluctuating actual conditions. Here, we propose recent advancements in hybrid energy systems that simultaneously harvest various ambient energies (e.g., photo irradiation, flow kinetic, thermal, and vibration) to drive water purification processes. The mechanisms of various energy harvesters and point-of-use water purification treatments are first outlined. Then we summarize the hybrid energy harvesters that can drive water purification treatment. These hybrid energy harvesters are based on the mechanisms of mechanical and photovoltaic, mechanical and thermal, and thermal and photovoltaic effects. This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the potential for advancing beyond the current state-of-the-art of hybrid energy harvester-driven water treatment processes. Future endeavors should focus on improving catalyst efficiency and developing sustainable hybrid energy harvesters to drive self-powered treatments under unstable conditions (e.g., fluctuating temperatures and humidity).