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随着新疆油田石南4井区逐步开发及其它区块采出液的汇入,石南4采出水水质已发生明显变化,水型已由硫酸钠型变为碳酸氢钠型,硬度、碱度明显上升。文章分析了石南4采出水水质腐蚀结垢原因,筛选出了适宜的水质净化及调理药剂。结果表明:在净化稳定剂加药量为200 mg/L,净化凝聚剂加药量为6mg/L,调理剂加药量为100~200mg/L时,采出水处理效果较好,有效降低了腐蚀结垢强度,满足Q/SYXJ0065—2003《克拉玛依油田注水水质标准》要求,采用此药剂体系处理采出水,成本为1.25元/m~3。 相似文献
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针对石西油田各区块采出液水质成分复杂、自结垢趋势严重、水质不配伍等情况,开展采出水稳定性控制等问题的攻关研究,采用预催化—强化絮凝水处理技术思路,评价药剂体系,复配除硫型净水剂,消耗水中还原性物质,使采出水稳定性提高。并通过对采出水走向进行合理调配,实现了石南采出水100%有效回注,达到了采出水资源合理化利用的目的。 相似文献
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中国石油大连石化公司的生产废水不仅具有炼化废水的复杂性,而且其中含有大量的氯离子,给絮凝药剂的筛选带来一定的困难。通过对715、728两种絮凝药剂的现场应用实验,找出了不同水质情况下的最佳投药量。实验结果表明,当污水中含油量大于100mg/L时,715药剂加入量控制在150~180mg/L,728的加入量为4mg/L,此时油、SS、COD、浊度的去除率分别为92%、41%、41%和82%。当污水含油量在30mg/L以下时,715药剂加入量为90~120mg/L,728加入量为2.7~3.3mg/L,此时油、SS、COD、浊度的去除率分别为74%、71%、38%和89%。经实验筛选出的这两种药剂可以利用现有的加药系统设备加入污水,加药处理后能提高出水的水质。 相似文献
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以涪陵页岩气田产出水为研究对象,研究絮凝、酸析、Fenton氧化和NaClO氧化相互协同作用下,采出水COD去除率的变化程度及规律。比较了不同组合方式下水样COD去除效果及变化规律,考察了絮凝剂、次氯酸钠和Fenton试剂的加量以及体系pH值对去除率的影响,结果表明:(1)单一絮凝或酸析条件下,最高COD去除率<25%,在絮凝剂加量80mg/L、酸析pH为4时,絮凝-酸析协同处理COD去除率达到>40%;(2)原始水样直接进行次氯酸钠氧化,COD最高去除率为75.01%,絮凝-酸析后进行次氯酸钠氧化,最高COD去除率为80.34%,与原始水样相比提高了5.33%,且达到相同的COD去除效果,絮凝-酸析后水样对次氯酸钠的需求量低于原始水样;(3)絮凝-酸析后水样进行Fenton氧化与原始水样直接进行Fenton氧化相比,COD去除率提高了6.07%;(4)絮凝-酸析-NaClO- Fenton协同处理,水样COD去除率达到>90%,其中最高去除为94.17%,与絮凝-酸析-NaClO和絮凝-酸析-Fenton处理相比分别提高了13.83%和5.27%。水样首先经过絮凝-酸析预处理,达到削减后续次氯酸钠和Fenton氧化负荷、降低药剂用量目的,然后经过Fenton试剂和次氯酸钠对不同类型特征污染物选择性去除的协同作用,可达到较高的COD去除率。 相似文献
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通过调查石油企业机械加工废水55套处理设施的运行情况及处理效果,介绍了机械加工废水的来源、性质和目前机械加工废水处理采用的工艺方法。目前,石油企业投入了大量的资金用于机械加工废水处理,基本解决了机加工废水污染问题。但是,石油企业机加工废水处理率低于国家平均水平,处理运行费高于国家同期水平,现行处理技术基本能满足废水处理的要求,处理设施尚有潜力可挖。建议加强对现有处理设施的管理,推广“清洁生产”技术保证废水经处理后达标排放或回用。 相似文献
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查清了冀东油田废水池分布和分析了废水水质,提出了废井回灌、集中处理后回灌或回注、用废水处理机现场处理后回注或回灌等三种处理方案。通过室内、外试验论证了废水和废水池废泥治理方法,在采油所产生的含油污水实现全部回注不外排的基础上,再加上钻井废水不外排处理,从此做到了防治环境污染。 相似文献
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刘铁英 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2004,14(2):15-20
污水深度处理后回用不仅节约水资源,也减少了大量污染物的排放,是一项一举多得的益事。秦皇岛港污水深度处理回用工程利用城市二级处理的污水,经深度生物处理后用于煤炭除尘,解决了除尘水源紧张的局面。本文就如何确定回用工程的出水水质指标及其标准进行了讨论,阐述了制定出水水质标准的基本原则。 相似文献
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Manzoor Qadir Pay Drechsel Blanca Jiménez Cisneros Younggy Kim Amit Pramanik Praem Mehta Oluwabusola Olaniyan 《Natural resources forum》2020,44(1):40-51
There is a proactive interest in recovering water, nutrients and energy from waste streams with the increase in municipal wastewater volumes and innovations in resource recovery. Based on the synthesis of wastewater data, this study provides insights into the global and regional “potential” of wastewater as water, nutrient and energy sources while acknowledging the limitations of current resource recovery opportunities and promoting efforts to fast-track high-efficiency returns. The study estimates suggest that, currently, 380 billion m3 (m3 = 1,000 L) of wastewater are produced annually across the world which is a volume five-fold the volume of water passing through Niagara Falls annually. Wastewater production globally is expected to increase by 24% by 2030 and 51% by 2050 over the current level. Among major nutrients, 16.6 Tg (Tg = million metric ton) of nitrogen are embedded in wastewater produced worldwide annually; phosphorus stands at 3.0 Tg and potassium at 6.3 Tg. The full nutrient recovery from wastewater would offset 13.4% of the global demand for these nutrients in agriculture. Beyond nutrient recovery and economic gains, there are critical environmental benefits, such as minimizing eutrophication. At the energy front, the energy embedded in wastewater would be enough to provide electricity to 158 million households. These estimates and projections are based on the maximum theoretical amounts of water, nutrients and energy that exist in the reported municipal wastewater produced worldwide annually. Supporting resource recovery from wastewater will need a step-wise approach to address a range of constraints to deliver a high rate of return in direct support of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 6, 7 and 12, but also other Goals, including adaptation to climate change and efforts in advancing “net-zero” energy processes towards a green economy. 相似文献
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介绍了川西北气矿中坝气田须二气藏水质情况,论述了气田水四种处理方法的特点和适用性。为了维持生产和减少环境污染,在该气藏中引入了预处理装置,对气田水进行处理后再进行异层回注。介绍了该工艺的流程,处理后气田水中SS和石油类含量分别为15mg/L和5.3mg/L,达到了设计要求。对处理成本及四种地层水处理方案的经济效益进行了对比,分析了该技术的经济可行性,并根据其应用情况提出了建议,供生产决策部门参考。 相似文献
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中原油田明二污属含硫低浊度污水,处理后水主要用于回注。文章通过pH调节剂的优选、除硫剂优选并与絮凝药剂联合,对明二污含硫低浊度污水进行了絮凝处理。结果表明:当pH值为7.5、2#絮凝剂加量为50mg/L、有机絮凝剂加量为0.5mg/L、除硫剂加量为20mg/L时,处理后水中的悬浮物、总铁和含油量分别达到1.9mg/L、0.43mg/L和0mg/L;SRB、TGB均为102个/mL;腐蚀速率及结垢量分别降到0.062mm/a和1.9mg/L;污泥产生量降低到0.23~0.26mg/L;在90℃时的结垢量由地层水的23.3mg/L降低到1.9mg/L,处理后的水达到中原油田回注水的水质标准,并且水质稳定。 相似文献
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Alan M. Stueber Robert E. Criss 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2005,41(2):267-290
ABSTRACT: An extensive base of water quality information emphasizing the effects of land use and hydrology was obtained in the karstified Fountain Creek watershed of southwestern Illinois to help resolve local water quality issues. Agrichemicals dominate the loads of most water quality constituents in the streams and shallow karstic ground water. Only calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), Aluminum (A1), and sulfate (SO4) ions are predominantly derived from bedrock or soils, while agrichemicals contribute most of the sodium (Na), potassium (K), chlorine (Cl), nitrate (NO3), fluorine (F), phosphorus (P), and atrazine. Concentrations of individual ions correlate with discharge variations in karst springs and surface streams; highly soluble ions supplied by diffuse ground water are diluted by high flows, while less soluble ions increase with flow as they are mobilized from fields to karst conduits under storm conditions. Treated wastewater containing detergent residues dominates the boron load of streams and provides important subordinate loads of several other constituents, including atrazine derived from the Mississippi River via the public water supply. Average surface water concentrations at the watershed outlet closely approximate a 92:8 mixture of karst ground water and treated wastewater, demonstrating the dominance of ground water contributions to streams. Therefore the karst aquifer and watershed streams form a single water quality system that is also affected by wastewater effluent. 相似文献