垃圾填埋场渗滤液组合处理技术

正由沈阳光大环保科技有限公司开发的垃圾填埋场渗滤液组合处理技术,适用于生活垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理。主要技术内容一、基本原理主体工艺为"预处理+反硝化+好氧生化(硝化)+膜法"处理。渗滤液废水收集排入调节池,经预处理后进入高效A池,由后续TMBR分离系统回流的活性污泥在缺氧条件下发生反硝化反应;反硝化池出水重力流入好氧硝化池内,利用活性污泥将碳源有机物降解,将污水中的氨氮氧化成亚硝酸盐和硝酸盐,使氨氮得到降解。     

超声内电解处理高浓度含盐有机废水的实验研究

分别研究了铁碳内电解、超声波辐照以及不同组合方式对高盐度泡菜废水的处理,重点研究了铁碳比、铁碳加入量、溶液pH值、处理时间、超声功率密度等因素对高含盐量泡菜废水降解率的影响。实验表明,铁碳加入对内电解处理效果影响显著,超声波处理该废水的最佳pH值为7;超声内电解处理的最佳条件为：铁碳比2∶1,铁碳加入体积为溶液体积的25%,溶液初始pH值为7,超声功率密度为0.225w/cm3,曝气处理90min。处理后出水COD去除率大于50%,达到了对该类高浓度含盐废水的预处理效果,降低了后续生化系统的处理负荷。     

预处理-UASB-接触氧化工艺处理S-诱抗素生产废水

S-诱抗素生产过程中产生的废水COD Cr浓度高、含难降解大分子物质、冲击负荷高、可生化性差,采用预处理-两级UASB-接触氧化法组合工艺处理取得了良好的效果。工程实践表明,废水中COD Cr、NH3-N的去除率分别达99.9%、99.6%,出水可稳定达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB8978-1996)一级排放标准,处理效果良好。     

生化技术在采油废水治理中的应用

利用生化技术处理冀东油田的采油废水,在处理工艺流程中采用了悬浮、附着厌氧-好氧氧化池。与其他污水生化处理工艺相比,其不同之处是在池中同时存在悬浮污泥和固着生物膜,保持了很高的生物量,增强了设施耐冲击负荷的性能和处理能力。同时,池中还设置了可自由摆动的中密度弹性立体填料,池底设置了可变微孔曝气管。在曝气过程中,弹性立体填料对气泡有多层次的切割能力,可以提高充氧效率,污染物去除效果明显,对难降解的有机废水也有很好的处理效果。石油类去除率达到83%,COD去除率达到80%,出水水质达到了国家污水综合排放一级标准。     

超声-双氧水和亚铁离子体系处理含酚废水研究

在实验装置上对超声-双氧水和亚铁离子体系联合处理含酚废水进行了实验研究。主要考察了废水初始pH值、初始双氧水浓度、超声功率、反应时间等因素对酚去除率的影响。实验结果表明：超声辐射可以在双氧水和亚铁离子体系氧化过程中起加速反应的作用，而且随着超声功率的增大，加速反应的能力增强；实验条件下废水初始pH值为4～6．8，初始双氧水浓度为140mg／L时酚去除效果最佳；超声-双氧水和亚铁离子体系处理含酚废水过程中苯酚的降解规律符合表现一级反应。     

超声-电絮凝法处理吡啶类农药废水

采用电絮凝和超声-电絮凝处理吡啶农药废水,探讨影响结果的各种因素。电絮凝反应的最佳条件为:电解时间60min,电极间距3cm,电流密度20m A/cm~2,在此条件下,废水的CODCr、色度去除率分别达到37.06%、51.54%,反应过程符合二级反应动力学规律。在此条件下同时增加超声处理,得到CODCr、色度的去除率为65.20%、74.10%。相比单独电絮凝处效果有了很大的提高。而超声-电絮凝降解动力学过程符合一级反应动力学规律。     

Cu／Fe内电解预处理焦化废水的研究

采用混凝沉淀一厌氧水解酸化一催化铁内电解（即Cu／Fe体系）一好氧组合工艺处理焦化废水，研究了催化铁内电解法用于焦化废水的预处理时，对焦化废水的COD、色度、总磷的去除率。结果表明，催化铁用于焦化废水的预处理，可以提高废水的可生化性，使好氧处理的COD去除率提高，达到80％-90％；催化铁对焦化废水有较好的脱色效果，色度去除率为77．7％-89．3％；催化铁能够去除部分总磷，但是由于微生物生长需要，需在厌氧段补充磷。试验证明，催化铁内电解法是一种有效的焦化废水预处理工艺。     

水解(酸化)-好氧工艺处理混合工业废水试验研究

水解（酸化）＋好氧工艺可以有效地用于城市污水与工业废水处理，试验研究了不同工况条件下，水解（酸化）＋好氧工艺处理混合工业废水的效果，通过投加悬浮填料对水工艺过程进行优化，使其处理系统更为有效。在总的水力停留时间分别为11.5h、14.5h、19.0h,CODCr总的平均除率分别为72.1%、76.7%、77.6%,BOD5的去除率为89.6%、90.7%、91.5%，废水经水解（酸化）处理后，BOD5／CODCr有上升趋势，水解时间3.5h、4.5h、6h对应的BOD5／CODCr比值分别提高了3％、11％、17％，表明水解（酸化）提高了混合工业废水的可生化性。针对上海市某工业区混合废水建议水解（酸化）时间控制在6h以上、好氧反应控制在10.0h。     

锦州石化公司炼油污水装置生化处理技术改造

对锦州石化炼油污水处理装置问题进行分析,通过采用序进气浮和精除油工艺除油,生化缺氧池改为悬浮污泥回流工艺,一级和二级好氧池改为MBBR工艺,大大地降低了外排水或污水回用水质污染物浓度,石油类去除率为97.5%,COD_(Cr)去除率为96.5%,氨氮去除率为97.3%,满足了辽宁省DB 21/1627—2008《污水综合排放标准》中污染物的排放指标,同时也减轻污水回用的负担。     

用水解酸化-好氧接触氧化法处理含油污水

通过对耐盐微生物的驯化培养,采用水解酸化-好氧接触氧化工艺,对一定矿化度条件下含油污水进行了处理。试验证明,在矿化度为2～5g/L时,利用耐盐驯化的微生物,采用水解酸化-好氧接触氧化工艺处理污水,CODcr去除率可达80%以上。该系统运行稳定,运行成本较低。     

Ultrasound and enzyme assisted biodegradation of distillery wastewater

Irradiation with ultrasound (US) and use of an enzyme (E) as pretreatment techniques were carried out to treat a complex effluent (distillery wastewater). These two techniques have been used alone as well as in combination and the efficacy of these techniques was tested by subjecting the effluent to subsequent aerobic biological oxidation (AO). When used alone, US exposure for 30 min and 2 h yielded the best COD reduction during the aerobic oxidation step (US+AO). For the enzyme when used alone, a pH value of 4.8 (corresponding to the optimum pH of the enzyme), a dose of 50 U and a pretreatment time of 24 h yielded better COD removal efficiency as compared to untreated effluent (aerobic oxidation alone). When used in combination, ultrasound followed by enzymatic pretreatment (US+E+AO) yielded the best COD removal efficiencies during aerobic oxidation as compared to the other combinations tested for the treatment of the distillery wastewater. A 4-fold increase in the initial oxidation rate was observed over the untreated batch for the integrated technique (US+E+AO). On the basis of the variation in the values of the biokinetic parameters it can be concluded that the type of pretreatment scheme affects the subsequent rate of the aerobic oxidation significantly.     

生物技术处理稠油废水的研究

试验分别利用三种生物处理方法：好氧、厌氧及酵母菌处理方法对稠油废水进行了处理。COD去除率在30%以下。在处理过程中,好氧污泥生物量表现出明显的增长。厌氧污泥及酵母菌在处理前后生物量几乎无变化。处理效果不明显与稠油废水可生化性差的性质有关,也与试验条件及选择菌种有关。     

混合化工污水处理工艺的试验研究

本文介绍了利用混凝沉淀一生物接触氧化法治理混合化工污水的试验工艺选择,对生化进水的预处理工作进行了初步的探索,在生化试验中,研究了水力停留时间和有机负荷对污水处理效果的影响,并观察了微生物的生长和发展规律,初步探讨了其动力学模型,试验证明：本法能有效地处理混合化工污水,在适宜的条件下,ＣＯＤｃｒ、ＢＯＤ５的去除率可达５５％和９０％以上,色度和ＳＳ的去除率分别可达８０％和５０％以上。     

Photocatalytic degradation of organic wastes by electrochemically assisted TiO2 photocatalytic system

Photocatalytic degradation of organic wastes with nanosized titanium dioxide particles has been studied for a long time in order to offer an appropriate method for wastewater treatment, but its practical application is greatly limited by the slow process. In this work, an electrochemically assisted TiO2 photocatalytic system was set-up by combining a TiO2 photocatalytic cell with a three-electrode potentiostatic unit. The composite system revealed high photocatalytic activity towards organic wastes mineralization. After continuous treatment for 0.5 h, the maximum absorption of rhodamine 6G (R-6G) was reduced by more than 90%; chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of textile dye wastewater (TDW) were decreased by 93.9 and 88.7%, respectively. The biodegradability of TDW was also improved because the COD/BOD5 ratio decreased from 2.1 to 1.2. All these results indicated that the composite system could be used for effective organic wastes mineralization or as a feasible detoxification and color removal pretreatment stage for biological post treatment.     

汽车制造厂废水处理工程实例分析

采用二级混凝-气浮-水解酸化-SBR-过滤工艺，对某汽车制造厂的混合废水（包括脱脂废水、电泳废水、磷化废水和生活污水等）进行处理。经过对处理工艺进出水主要水质指标连续1个月的监测，发现COD去除率可达92．5％，SS去除率可达95．2％，NH3-N去除率可达58％，TP去除率可达96．7％，出水水质符合国家《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978—1996）一级排放标准，吨水处理成本为1．6元／t，系统运行稳定，具有明显的经济、环保和社会效益。t     

SBR中好氧颗粒污泥的培养

采用竖式SBR作为反应器，利用城市污水处理厂剩余污泥作为接种污泥，通过不间断运行培养出好氧颗粒污泥。实验结果表明，采用非限量曝气模式好氧颗粒污泥降解模拟污水的效果较好，其COD去除率可达98％以上。曝气量对好氧颗粒污泥的形成和稳定具有重要影响，当气速为26．5m／h时，好氧颗粒污泥的性状和处理有机废水效果最佳。同时好氧颗粒污泥对pH值的变化不明显，当pH为5—8范围内，其COD去除率都可达到85％以上。但是未经驯化的好氧颗粒污泥对对硝基苯酚和对氯苯酚两种芳香类有机物较敏感，而对硝基苯酚对其毒性更大。当对硝基苯酚和。对氯苯酚浓度为10mg／L时，其COD去除率仅为42．5％和52％。     

涤沦仿真丝污水治理的研究

经实验比较了涤沦仿真丝污水治理中常见的两种工艺即“厌氧酸化＋好氧酸化”和“加酸沉淀＋好氧生化”的处理效果,提出了后一种工艺才能真正治理污染的观点。加酸沉淀可去除CODcr77％左右,同时大大提高了污水的可生化性。     

油田高盐浓度废水对其生化处理的影响

根据油田压裂液废水中的盐浓度对生化处理系统的影响,对生化处理系统中活性污泥的生物学变化规律进行了实验研究。结果表明:当废水中盐浓度低于2.5×104mg/L时,废水生化处理系统对COD的去除率可稳定在92%左右,污泥活性良好;当废水中盐浓度达到2.5×104mg/L时,污泥活性开始受到抑制,COD去除率急剧下降(稳定在80%左右);当盐浓度达到3.5×104mg/L时,COD去除率下降到60%左右;当废水中盐浓度达到6.0×104mg/L时,污泥活性系统趋于崩溃。     

Operation strategy of a sequencing batch reactor for simultaneous removal of wastewater organic matter and nutrients

The Sequencing Batch Reactor (SBR) system employing activated sludge process is an alternative wastewater treatment technology. A cycle of the conventional SBR system generally consists of five periods, with complete aeration during the React period to oxidize the organic matter and nitrify the ammonium-nitrogen of wastewater. Laboratory-scale reactors were used to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating alternative aerobic-anoxic-aerobic stages within the React period for simultaneous removal of organic matter, N and P. Two cycles of SBR process per day were maintained.Under the operation strategy of 0.75-h fill, 8-h react (with continuous aeration), 3.25-h settle, draw and idle periods, the treatment performance became consistent after running the system for two to four cycles (1–2 days). The percentages of both BOD₅ and COD removal were around 94% from Cycle 2 onwards, the BOD₅ content dropped from initial 251 mg L⁻¹ to less than 14 mg L⁻¹ in the final effluent. A steady nitrification (about 97%) was obtained from Cycle 4 onwards, with 1 mg NH₄⁺-N L⁻¹ and 25 mg NO₃⁻-N L⁻¹ present in the final effluent. This suggested that the time required for SBR system to acclimate and reach an equilibrium state was relatively short when compared with the time needed for continuous flow activated sludge system. The findings also show that 4-h aeration during the react period was long enough to achieve more than 90% nitrification. With the incorporation of a 3-h anoxic stage after the initial 4-h aeration of the react period, a satisfactory denitrification process was observed, with nitrate level dropped from 27 to around 8 mg L⁻¹ within 3 h. The second aeration stage did not cause significant change in wastewater nitrogen content. The wastewater phosphate content declined rapidly during the initial 4-h aeration and P-release was not observed during the anoxic stage. A slight reduction of P was found in the second aeration stage suggesting that more P-uptake occurred in this stage. A 12-h cyclic SBR system with the incorporation of 4-h aerobic, 3-h anoxic and final 1-h aerobic stages into the 8-h react period was demonstrated to be able to remove C, N and P simultaneously.