超声/臭氧氧化处理含酚废水实验研究

在实验装置上对超声/臭氧联合处理含酚废水进行了实验研究。考察了废水初始pH值、反应时间、臭氧通入量、超声功率等因素对酚去除率的影响。研究表明,超声辐射在臭氧氧化过程中起加速反应的作用,而且随着超声功率的增大,加速反应的能力增强;废水初始pH值为11时酚去除效果最佳;随着臭氧通入量的增大、反应时间的延长,酚去除率不断增大;超声/臭氧处理酚废水过程中酚的降解规律符合表观一级反应。     

硫酸盐生物还原的限制性生态因子的影响研究

利用厌氧颗粒污泥对烟气中SO2吸收生成的硫酸盐或亚硫酸盐废水进行处理，考察起始SO4^2-质量浓度、初始COD／SO4^2-、初始pH、接种污泥质量、亚铁离子等限制性生态因子对硫酸盐还原的影响。结果表明：在起始SO4^2-质量浓度800mg／L，初始COD／SO4^2-为3．0，pH值为7．0，接种污泥质量为31．10gVSS／L，添加亚铁离子的条件下，进行半连续试验，硫酸根去除率可迭70％。表明在COD／SO4^2-较低的条件下，各生态因子综合作用下，硫酸盐还原可得较好效果。     

臭氧氧化法处理高浓度苯酚废水

采用臭氧氧化技术对高浓度含酚废水进行了研究.考察了臭氧进气量、反应时间、温度及溶液初始pH值等因素对苯酚COD的去除率的影响.研究表明:在一定范围内,随臭氧进气量的增加、反应时间的增长,COD去除率增大;温度对COD去除率的影响不大;溶液的初始pH值对臭氧氧化有比较重要的影响,在pH值为11～12左右时,COD的去除率最大;在臭氧氧化处理高浓度含酚废水的过程中,酚的降解规律符合表观一级反应.     

H2O2／Fe^2＋氧化偶合混凝法处理干膜废水的研究

本文研究了H2O2／Fe^2＋氧化偶合混凝法处理印刷电路板厂干膜废水。讨论了包括过氧化氢浓度、亚铁离子浓度、pH值、时间和混凝pH值等影响因素,试验结果表明,当过氧化氢浓度为457.0mg/L、铁离子浓度为400mg/L、氧化pH值4.0、反温度为40℃、反应时间180min时,COD去除率达84.7%,出水的水质达到排放标准。     

《四川环境》2004年第1～6期（总第91～96期）总目次

试验研究磁性絮团形成的最佳参数及机理研究陈文松　韦朝海　韩　虹 ( 1) ( 1)………………………负载型纳米TiO2 光催化剂的制备及其降解水中微量间二甲苯的研究李继洲　王　郁 ( 1) ( 5 )………………锶在水中的扩散参数研究王青海　顾义磊　李晓红　陈金华 ( 1) ( 8)……………超声 -双氧水和亚铁离子体系处理含酚废水研究赵朝成　陆晓华　张　英　赵东风 ( 1) ( 11)……………UV/O3 复合降解水中 2 ,4-二氧酚的试验研究马　娟　朱　琨　杨建涛　LinusZhang ( 2 ) ( 2 1)………化学氧化与化学沉淀法去除难降解有机污染物的研究刘春英…     

吸附-双催化氧化降解苯胺、硝基苯废水

苯胺、硝基苯废水利用吸附树脂吸附后,再利用过氧化氢作氧化剂,在亚铁离子和紫外光的双催化下氧化降解。通过对亚铁离子浓度、过氧化氢浓度等因素对光降解影响的考察,结果表明,在实验条件下,本氧化体系对苯胺、硝基苯废水有明显的降解效果,苯胺、硝基苯废水经该体系处理12h后,去除率最高分别达到99.7%和95.3%。     

含酚废水的超声降解研究进展

超声处理污水技术是一项新兴的颇有发展前途的水处理技术，本文论述了超声降解含酚废水的反应机理，特点和影响因素，并对该技术在处理含酚类废水治理中存在的问题和今后的发展趋势进行了讨论。     

纳米二氧化钛光催化氧化降解苯酚废水实验

开展实验室模拟苯酚废水的二氧化钛光催化氧化实验。结果表明：在苯酚废水曝气量为0～3L/min的条件下，随着曝气量的增大，COD去除率先增大后减小；初始浓度不变，光照时间为1h的条件下， 调节pH值在3～11，苯酚废水COD去除率随着pH值的增大而减小，当pH值为11时， COD去除率又开始增 大，酸性条件比碱性条件下COD去除率高；随着二氧化钛投加量的增加，COD去除率增大，当二氧化钛投加量 为10g/L时，COD去除率反而降低，二氧化钛最佳投加量为3g/L；随着苯酚废水初始浓度由75mg/L增加至300mg/L，COD去除率由78.2％降低到58.1％；反应温度的改变对COD和TOC的去除率没有影响。     

影响高浓度NH3-N废水吹脱-硝化过程的实验研究

废水中含氨氮过多，对人和动物的健康产生极大威胁，此外，水体中NH3-N浓度过高，也增加了废水生化的处理难度，为此，废水脱氮成为水处理领域的热点和难点。文章采取先用空气将高浓度NH3-N废水的中的一部分NH3-N吹脱，然后在适宜的氨氮剩余浓度下，采用活性污泥法对剩余NH3-N进行硝化处理。用空气吹脱NH3-N，碱度直接影响吹脱效果和最终的剩余氨氮浓度。在硝化反应时，pH值、温度、溶解氧对硝化反应影响十分大。文章通过大量实验，获得了NH3-N废水起始浓度为1000mg／L左右时的最佳吹脱碱度，获得了适宜的氨氮剩余浓度。同时得出了pH值、温度、溶解氧对硝化反应的影响规律。这些数据和规律对生产有一定的指导意义。     

沉淀法去除气田废水中氯离子

为研究沉淀法去除气田废水中的氯离子,选用CaO和NaAlO_2作为处理剂,处理含氯气田废水,并研究工艺参数的影响。实验结果表明:CaO摩尔比为13、NaAlO_2摩尔比为4、温度40℃、溶液初始pH值为10,搅拌反应2 h时氯离子去除率最高。该条件下,二次除氯后氯离子浓度从2 338.14 mg/L降至181.18 mg/L,去除率为92.25%。     

Phenol degradation using combined effects of hydrodynamic cavitation and oxidant: Doehlert matrix

Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC)-based treatments have been proposed for the degradation of phenol as a toxic pollutant. The present work aimed to optimize the degradation of phenol using HC by means of Doehlert experimental design, which has not been previously addressed. Initially, operational parameters of hydraulic characteristics of the pump, inlet pressure, solution pH, and initial concentration were optimized; later, the effects of pH solution and H₂O₂ loading or initial pollutant concentration on phenol degradation were explored using the Doehlert experimental design. It was observed that phenol degradation is strongly dependent on the pH of the solution. Also, the acidic condition favors the formation of hydroxyl radicals and thus, the degradation of phenol. Based on the Doehlert matrix, the 94.1% phenol degradation and 68.60% total organic carbon (TOC) were obtained in 180 min at 304.5 mg/L of hydrogen peroxide at an initial concentration of 20 mg/L, 2.0 pH, and 90 psi inlet pressure, providing a cavitational yield of 6.33 × 10⁻⁶ mg/J and minimum treatment cost of US$/L 0.13. Overall, it has been observed that HC can be a promising route for the removal of pollutants (phenol) effectively using hydrogen peroxide as an additive.     

苯酚降解菌Y_1的分离与鉴定

旨在从微生物降解的角度出发,解决苯酚大量应用带来的含酚废水对环境污染问题.采用富集培养、驯化筛选和平板划线等方法,从某化工厂废水中分离得到4株苯酚降解菌.利用4-氨基吡啉分光光度法测定其苯酚降解能力,筛选出降解率较高的菌株Y_1.经形态学观察、生理生化鉴定和16S rDNA序列分析,将该菌初步鉴定为苏云金芽孢杆菌(Ba...     

生物法处理含酚废水的研究

为了降低炼油厂污水处理场的酚负荷,对催化裂化汽提塔所排含酚废水的预处理进行了研究。进行了煤渣吸附实验,酚的生物降解动力学实验及酚在兼氧条件下的处理实验;采用４－氨基安替比林光度法测定酚浓度。实验结果表明采用煤渣填料－生物膜反应器,酚的去除率可达９０％,酚的生物降解符合一级反应动力学,酚类物质可在兼氧条件下降解     

TiO2光催化降解有机颜料艳红RGS母液研究

以TiO2为催化剂,对有机颜料艳红RGS母液进行了一系列光催化降解试验.考察了催化剂用量、溶液pH值、初始浓度、不同光源和照射时间对脱色率的影响.结果表明,溶液相对初始浓度为0.2、pH<8、催化剂用量为1g/L时,以紫外灯(254nm)为光源,反应120 min,脱色率可达93%以上.     

Effect of chloride ions on the oxidation of aniline by Fenton's reagent

The objective of this study was to experimentally probe the mechanism of chloride ions specifically affecting aniline oxidation by Fenton's reagent. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of pH, Fe2+, H2O2 and chloride concentration on the oxidation reaction. Results show that the inhibition caused by chloride ions can be overcome by extending the reaction time if the concentration of chloride ions is low. At a high concentration of chloride ions, however, the oxidation of aniline was inhibited, and actually ceased due to the complexation of Fe-Cl. In this study, the chloride ion concentration was kept at 0.2 M in the experiments when studying the effect of ferrous ion concentration on the Fenton reaction. If the ratio of [Cl-]/[Fe2+] was < or = 200, the inhibition effect was very significant. In other words, adding more ferrous ions rather than hydrogen peroxide can break the inhibition originating from the chloride ions at an initial stage of pH 3. The inhibition effect of chloride ions on the aniline reaction depended on the reaction pH; the extent of inhibition decreased with increasing the initial pH as long as the pH was less than 5. Consequently, the inhibition effect by chloride ions was primarily due to the complexation of iron species and chloride ions. The influence of chloride ions on aniline oxidation due to the competition of hydroxyl radicals was not significant.     

Investigating the phenol removal from aqueous media by photocatalytic magnetized graphene oxide nanocomposite

As a large and diverse group of secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds are one of the most common chemical pollutants present in water resources. these compounds can have toxic effects on ecosystems and humans. Therefore, their removal from water sources appears to be of great importance. In this study, a magnetic graphene oxide (MGO) photocatalyst was synthesized and used to remove phenol from water. The fabricated GO magnetic nanocomposites were determined by SEM and FTIR techniques. Afterward, these nanoparticles were used to remove phenol from aquatic media considering different operational parameters, including pH of the solution, initial concentration of phenol, contact time, and adsorbent dosage. The results showed that the magnetized GO nanoparticles could remove 90.83% of phenol molecules under the optimal conditions of solution pH = 3.0, initial phenol concentration of 20 mg/L, adsorbent concentration of 300 mg/L, and contact time of 120 min. additionally have compared the results of UV, Fe₃O₄/GO, and Fe₃O₄/GO/UV on the removal of phenol under optimum conditions. Accordingly, the phenol removal efficiencies for UV alone, Fe₃O₄/GO, and Fe₃O₄/GO/UV were obtained at 4.5, 65.73, and 90.83%, respectively. Based on the findings, the prepared magnetic GO nanoparticles have extended capabilities such as easy and rapid separation from sample and high potential in removing phenolic compounds, so, it can be introduced as an appropriate adsorbent for removal of this pollutant from water and wastewater.     

三维电极电解硝基苯废水处理实验研究

以涂膜活性炭-活性炭为填充粒子,对三维电极电解硝基苯废水进行了研究。通过实验探讨了投盐量、槽电压、主电极间距、反应时间及初始浓度对电解硝基苯废水的影响。结果表明,三维电极在电极间距为9mm、槽电压为20V、硫酸钠投加量为1.5g/L、pH值为6、电解时间为90min的条件下,硝基苯去除率可达90%以上。在三维电极电解作用下,硝基苯转化为可生化和低毒的苯胺,苯胺在三维电极电解作用下还可以得到进一步的降解。     

Application of a chemically modified green macro alga as a biosorbent for phenol removal

Phenol and substituted phenols are toxic organic pollutants present in tannery waste streams. Environmental legislation defines the maximum discharge limit to be 5–50 ppm of total phenols in sewers. Thus the efforts to develop new efficient methods to remove phenolic compounds from wastewater are of primary concern. The present work aims at the use of a modified green macro alga (Caulerpa scalpelliformis) as a biosorbent for the removal of phenolic compounds from the post-tanning sectional stream. The effects of initial phenol concentration, contact time, temperature and initial pH of the solution on the biosorption potential of macro algal biomass have been investigated. Biosorption of phenol by modified green macro algae is best described by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model. Biosorption kinetics of phenol onto modified green macro algal biomass were best described by a pseudo second order model. The maximum uptake capacity was found to be 20 mg of phenol per gram of green macro algae. A Boyd plot confirmed the external mass transfer as the slowest step involved in the biosorption process. The average effective diffusion coefficient was found to be 1.44 × 10⁻⁹ cm²/s. Thermodynamic studies confirmed the biosorption process to be exothermic.     

Fenton试剂与改性凹凸棒石联合处理微污染水中苯酚的实验研究

研究了Fenton试剂联合聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（PDMDAAC）改性凹凸棒石对模拟微污染水中苯酚的去除效果。考察了pH值、反应时间、投加量、温度等因素对苯酚去除效果的影响。结果表明：先采用Fenton试剂氧化再用改性凹凸棒石吸附对微污染水中苯酚具有较好的去除效果，在pH=9、温度为25℃、改性凹凸棒石投加量为5g／L、吸附时间20min的条件下，苯酚去除率达98．2％。