粉煤灰处理印染废水的现状及分析

本文综述了粉煤友在印染废水中的应用。粉煤灰作为吸附剂可直接处理印染废水，处理效率较低，改性后粉煤灰可提高吸附性；利用粉煤灰的混凝作用对COD的去除率一般为50％-60％，色度去除率为80％左右；当粉煤灰与铁屑产生电化学作用时，用于印染废水预处理是行之有效的；作为印染废水助凝助沉剂，结合其他工艺，可使印染废水中COD和色度去除率分别达到90％和95％以上，并列举了粉煤灰处理印染废水成功的实例。但仍应加强理论研究，解决工程与设备问题是今后的工作方向。     

催化氧化处理高浓度有机化工废水

本文提出了一种处理高浓度有机化工废水中COD、色度的有效新技术,该技术是用二氧化氯为催化剂,在自制催化剂存在的条件下将废水中的有机物氧化分解,COD去除率≥70％,色度去除率≥95％,一般高浓度有机化工废水经本法处理接后续生化可以达标。     

Cu／Fe内电解预处理焦化废水的研究

采用混凝沉淀一厌氧水解酸化一催化铁内电解（即Cu／Fe体系）一好氧组合工艺处理焦化废水，研究了催化铁内电解法用于焦化废水的预处理时，对焦化废水的COD、色度、总磷的去除率。结果表明，催化铁用于焦化废水的预处理，可以提高废水的可生化性，使好氧处理的COD去除率提高，达到80％-90％；催化铁对焦化废水有较好的脱色效果，色度去除率为77．7％-89．3％；催化铁能够去除部分总磷，但是由于微生物生长需要，需在厌氧段补充磷。试验证明，催化铁内电解法是一种有效的焦化废水预处理工艺。     

精制棉蒸煮清洗废水处理工程实践

精制棉蒸煮清洗废水（黑液）色度高，成分复杂，属于难处理高浓度有机废水。采用“物化-生化”工艺对其进行处理，BOD、COD、色度、SS去除率分别为95．42％、96．58％、98．25％、70．00％，工程运行稳定，处理费用约为1．93元/m^3。     

混凝—催化臭氧化处理垃圾渗滤液MBR出水

本文研究了混凝—催化臭氧化对垃圾渗滤液MBR出水COD、UV254和色度的去除效果及可生化性能的影响。在pH 11,FeCl3用量800 mg/L的优化条件下,COD、UV254和色度去除率分别为37.8%、61.9%和88.7%。混凝出水催化臭氧化结果表明,3%-Ce/AC催化臭氧化效率最好,COD去除率为33.6%,臭氧消耗系数为1.40 mgO3/mgCOD。经混凝—催化臭氧化处理后,MBR出水的COD、UV254及色度总去除率分别为58.7%、90.8%及98.7%,BOD5/COD从0.036提高到0.375,可生化性明显改善。     

聚合硅酸硫酸铁处理印染废水的实验研究

介绍了聚合硅酸硫酸铁的制备及处理印染废水的方法,研究了最佳的实验条件。该方法工艺流程简单,药剂成本较低,废水的COD去除率达80%,脱色率达90%,出水水质达到了印染废水综合排放标准(GB8978-1996)一级标准。     

中药废水处理工程设计研究

某工程采用微电解、上流式厌氧污泥床（UASB）、高效接触反应器（HCR）处理中药废水，处理规模2500m^3／d。运行结果表明：采用该工艺COD去除率达97．9％，BOD去除率达97。4％，色度去除率达98．2％，出水完全达到《污水综合排放标准》（GB8978-96）中的一级排放标准，且工程投资和运行费用较低。     

物化-生物接触氧化工艺处理洗水废水

本文介绍了物化-生物接触氧化工艺在洗水废水中的应用。运行结果表明，该处理工艺对于洗水废水中的COD、BOD、色度、SS的去除率均在80％以上，出水达到广东省地方标准《水污染物排放限值》（DB44／26—2001）一级标准。该工艺具有适应性强、处理效果稳定、有机物及色度去除率高、投资低等特点，因此在洗水废水处理中具有良好的应用前景。     

生化+物化工艺处理针织印染废水工程实例

阐述了运用生化十物化工艺处理针织印染废水的工程实例。废水处理后，各项出水指标均能达到污水综合排放标准（GB8978—1996一级标准）。COD、SS、硫化物、色度去除率分别在85％、70％、78％、88％以上。     

改性凹土处理印染废水的研究

文章讨论了凹凸棒土的热处理改性方法，利用改性凹凸棒土对印染废水进行吸附脱色和降低COD性能研究，考察了改性温度、pH值、凹凸棒土投加量、吸附时间等因素的影响。结果表明：改性凹凸棒土对印染废水CODcr和色度有较好的去除能力，CODcr的去除率可达80％，脱色率可达98％以上，具有工业应用前景。     

Temperature and feed strategy effects on sulfate and organic matter removal in an AnSBB

The objective of this work was to analyze the interaction effects between temperature, feed strategy and COD/[SO(4)(2-)] levels, maintaining the same ratio, on sulfate and organic matter removal efficiency from a synthetic wastewater. This work is thus a continuation of Archilha et al. (2010) who studied the effect of feed strategy at 30 °C using different COD/[SO(4)(2-)] ratios and levels. A 3.7-L anaerobic sequencing batch reactor with recirculation of the liquid phase and which contained immobilized biomass on polyurethane foam (AnSBBR) was used to treat 2.0 L synthetic wastewater in 8 h cycles. The temperatures of 15, 22.5 and 30 °C with two feed strategies were assessed: (a) batch and (b) batch followed by fed-batch. In strategy (a) the reactor was fed in 10 min with 2 L wastewater containing sulfate and carbon sources. In strategy (b) 1.2 L wastewater (containing only the sulfate source) was fed during the first 10 min of the cycle and the remaining 0.8 L (containing only the carbon source) in 240 min. Based on COD/[SO(4)(2-)] = 1 and on the organic matter (0.5 and 1.5 gCOD/L) and sulfate (0.5 and 1.5 gSO(4)(2-)/L) concentrations, the sulfate and organic matter loading rates applied were 1.5 and 4.5 g/L.d, i.e., same COD/[SO(4)(2-)] ratio (=1) but different levels (1.5/1.5 and 4.5/4.5 gCOD/gSO(4)(2-)). When reactor feed was 1.5 gCOD/L.d and 1.5 gSO(4)(2-)/L.d, gradual feeding (strategy b) showed to favor sulfate and organic matter removal in the investigated temperature range, indicating improved utilization of the electron donor for sulfate reduction. Sulfate removal efficiencies were 87.9; 86.3 and 84.4%, and organic matter removal efficiencies 95.2; 86.5 and 80.8% at operation temperatures of 30; 22.5 and 15 °C, respectively. On the other hand, when feeding was 4.5 gCOD/L.d and 4.5 gSO(4)(2-)/L.d, gradual feeding did not favor sulfate removal, indicating that gradual feeding of the electron donor did not improve sulfate reduction.     

天然硅藻土作为吸附材料处理渗滤液的效果研究

利用天然硅藻土在静态条件下对垃圾渗滤液中的氨氮和COD的吸附效果进行了研究。结果表明：天然硅藻土对于氨氮的去除效率只有14．1％；但对COD的去除效率可以达到70．1％；天然硅藻土对于COD的饱和吸附量和吸附速度明显高于其对氨氮的饱和吸附量及吸附速度；在平衡浓度相当高的情况下，每克硅藻土具有吸附65．31mg COD的极限潜力。     

柠檬酸废水处理改造工程实例

采用多级内循环厌氧反应器MIC/上升式厌氧反应器UASB串联工艺处理柠檬酸生产排放的高浓度有机废水,其中厌氧处理段的COD去除率＞94％,整体COD去除率可达98.3％左右.最终排放口出水COD平均值为190 mg/L,pH值为6～9,达到柠檬酸行业废水排放标准.     

Decolorization of triphenylmethane dye-bath effluent in an integrated two-stage anaerobic reactor

In the present study, decolorization of a simulated dye waste containing three different triphenylmethane (TPM) dyes--Magenta, Malachite Green and Crystal Violet, was investigated in a laboratory scale, two-stage anaerobic high-rate reactor. The effect of various parameters (influent dye concentration, hydraulic and co-substrate loading rates) on color and COD removal efficiency of the reactor has been studied. It has been shown that the influent dye concentration had little effect on overall COD and color removal efficiency. More than 99% color removal and 96% COD removal efficiency were maintained even at a dye concentration of 500 mg/l and a dye loading rate of 1000 mg/l day. However, a minimum level of glucose as supplementary carbon source is required to maintain the maximum color removal efficiency and it drops appreciably when no glucose is added to the influent. The study also showed that the acidogenic phase of the reaction plays an important role in decolorization of the TPM dyes. In addition, the two-stage anaerobic reactor was observed to have distinct advantages over the single-stage system, as the drop in color and COD removal efficiency of stage 1 are adequately compensated by stage 2 of the reactor especially under high dye loading rates accompanied by low co-substrate loading and under reduced HRTs.     

组合人工湿地对化工园区尾水COD的去除及其模拟

采用组合人工湿地中试试验对工业园区污水厂尾水进行处理,研究了3种不同的水力负荷(10cm/d,20cm/d和25cm/d)下COD的去除,并用一级动力学模型对组合人工湿地及其各个湿地单元的COD的去除进行了模拟。结果表明组合人工湿地对COD的去除受水力负荷影响有限,去除率基本都在60%以上,系统出水COD浓度在40mg/L以下,并且夏季的去除效果最佳。对数学模拟的结果进行分析,发现一、二级潜流湿地对COD去除贡献较大,另外组合人工湿地系统对COD的去除效果也优于单个的湿地。系统最终出水中的COD模拟结果和实测值相接近,说明基于一级动力学模型的组合人工湿地数学模拟对实际运行有指导意义。     

Electrocoagulation of vegetable oil refinery wastewater using aluminum electrodes

Electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes was used to treat the vegetable oil refinery wastewater (VORW) in a batch reactor. The effects of operating parameters such as pH, current density, PAC (poly aluminum chloride) dosage and Na(2)SO(4) dosage on the removal of organics and COD removal efficiency have been investigated. It has been shown that the removal efficiency of COD increased with the increasing applied current density and increasing PAC and Na(2)SO(4) dosage and the most effective removal capacity was achieved at the pH 7. The results indicate that electrocoagulation is very efficient and able to achieve 98.9% COD removal in 90 min at 35 mAcm(-2) with a specific electrical energy consumption of 42 kWh(kgCOD(removed))(-1). The effluent was very clear and its quality exceeded the direct discharge standard.     

IABR-IBAF工艺处理猪场稳定塘废水的实验研究

难降解有机物含量高且碳氮比失调是造成养猪场稳定塘废水难于处理的主要原因。本文采用基于固定化微生物技术的厌氧折流板（IABR）与曝气生物滤池（IBAF）组合工艺处理稳定塘废水,对比了IABR-IABF组合工艺与单一IBAF工艺的处理效果,研究了碱度和碳源对硝化反硝化过程的影响。组合工艺平均进水COD1532．6mg／L,平均出水为332．7mg／L,去除率为78％,NH3-N平均进水538．6mg／L,平均出水为12．3mg／L,去除率97．7％。以新鲜废水做反硝化阶段的碳源时TN去除率93％,可有效解决脱氮过程中的碳源成本问题。     

The removal of lignin and phenol from paper mill effluents by electrocoagulation

This study aims to investigate the treatment of paper mill effluents using electrocoagulation. Removal of lignin, phenol, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD) from paper mill effluents was investigated at various current intensities by using different electrodes (Al and Fe) and at various electrolysis times (1.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5min). It was observed that the experiments carried out at 12V, an electrolysis time of 2min and a current intensity of 77.13mA were sufficient for the removal of these pollutants with each electrode. The removal capacities of the process using an Al electrode were 80% of lignin, 98% of phenol, 70% of BOD, and 75% of COD after 7.5min. Using an Fe electrode the removal capacities were 92%, 93%, 80% and 55%, respectively. In addition, it was found that removal of lignin, phenol, BOD and COD increased with increasing current intensity. In the experiments carried out at different current intensities, higher removal can be explained through a decrease in intra-resistance of solution and consequently an increase at the transfer speed of organic species to electrodes. It was also found that Al electrode performs higher efficiency than Fe electrode except for COD removal. However, the time required for removal of BOD was more than that of COD. The results suggest that electrocoagulation could be considered as an effective alternative to paper mill effluents treatment.