生活垃圾焚烧发电烟气净化工艺的研究及应用

阐述了垃圾焚烧烟气中污染物的主要成分及排放标准,介绍了烟气净化中去除酸性气体、氮氧化物、颗粒物、二?英类、重金属的技术方法。以某生活垃圾焚烧发电项目为例,采用炉内SNCR脱硝+半干式脱酸+干法脱酸+活性炭喷射装置+布袋除尘组合工艺,垃圾焚烧烟气污染物满足排放标准,为生活垃圾焚烧发电烟气净化工艺设计提供了参考。     

城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设施二恶英实测分析

垃圾焚烧是二噁英重要来源之一。本文对城市生活垃圾焚烧发电设施排烟和设施周边的二噁英浓度进行实测与分析，结果表明，合理控制垃圾焚烧锅炉运行工况，可以有效控制焚烧过程中二恶英生成，使其达到国家排放标准。     

循环流化床垃圾焚烧综合利用成套技术与设备

由中国科学院中科集团北京中科通用能源环保有限责任公司开发、北京市环保产业协会推荐的循环流化床焚烧技术适用于大、中、小城市的生活垃圾焚烧处理和生活垃圾焚烧热能综合利用(发电、供热,或热电联产)。主要技术内容一、基本原理循环流化床焚烧技术,是利用循环流化床反应条件下气体与固体良好接触、反应得到强化的一种新型多种燃料焚烧技术。因此,即使对不易着火、热值很低的劣质燃料如煤矸石、生活垃圾等,也能使其稳定着火、完全燃尽。通过分级供风和向炉内添加石灰石,还可以大幅度降低NOx和SO2的排放。该技术还有结构紧凑、负荷调节…     

流化床生活垃圾焚烧炉污染物排放监控管理

依据生活垃圾循环流化床燃烧热电厂竣工环保验收及例行环保监测数据,提出了影响生活垃圾焚烧过程特征污染物排放的主要因素是炉温和燃烧过程的喷钙与脱氯,建议增加炉温在线监测为生活垃圾焚烧污染物排放的管理措施,在例行监测项目中增加粉煤灰钙含量监测,保证生活垃圾的完全燃烧、较高脱氯效率,降低二噁英的产生与排放。     

钢铁工业NOx控制技术创新和应用

介绍了钢铁工业NOx排放现状及NOx排放新标准;阐述了5种钢铁工业NOx减排控制技术-EOS、LEEP、EPOSINT、区域性废气循环和烧结废气余热循环技术;分析了钢铁工业NOx减排控制技术存在的主要问题,指出采用综合性烧结污染物减排技术是实现烧结NOx减排的最佳途径.     

Remedia~滤袋——一种去除二噁英的新技术

随着垃圾焚烧发电工程的兴起,对尾气中二英的控制处理提出了严格的要求。基于"表面过滤"及"催化过滤"相关理论成功开发出的Remedia覆膜催化滤袋产品,为最严格的粉尘排放及二噁英的控制提供了新技术。     

燃煤工业锅炉减排NO_x研究分析

通过对我国燃煤工业锅炉NOx排放、污染现状和国内外控制技术进行分析,提出燃煤工业锅炉NOx控制对策和措施,并提出低氮燃烧是降低NOx排放的最经济技术。     

火电厂氮氧化物控制标准、政策分析及研究

制订污染物的排放标准及控制政策是治理环境污染的主要措施之一，世界各国针对火电厂氮氧化物（NOx）排放量分别制订了适合各国国情的控制政策及排放标准。通过对美国、欧盟及日本等世界主要发达国家及地区火电厂氮氧化物排放控制对策的分析，提出了对我国火电厂氮氧化物排放控制政策的建议。     

基于大数据的“邻避”设施环境社会风险评估方法研究

着力防范化解环境社会风险是社会和谐稳定的重要前提。本文基于国内全网2019—2020年关于“垃圾焚烧”的网络舆情数据，通过情感词典、TF-IDF关键词提取和人工识别方法进行“邻避”冲突的原因分析，在此基础上构建本土化的“邻避”设施环境社会风险指标体系和评估方法，结合环境、人口和社会等多源大数据，基于自然断点法对风险等级进行分类，以全国生活垃圾焚烧发电设施的重点区域为案例开展环境社会风险的分析评估。结果表明，担忧破坏生态环境、反对选址位置、担忧排放物有毒是贯穿2019—2020年两年的主要反对原因，占据反对原因的50%以上。之后，本文对各项反对因素进行归纳汇总，构建了12项指标的风险评价指标体系，其中环境因素、人口因素和社会因素为一级指标，其权重分别达到0.33、0.49和0.18，人口因素是影响程度最大的因素；对案例风险评估结果表明全国范围和六大重点区域的大多数设施拟建设于重大风险或特大风险地区，需着重关注这些地区的生活垃圾焚烧发电项目规划布局和风险防控问题。     

垃圾焚烧发电项目施工工程管理及要点控制分析

因减量化、无害化和资源化的优势,生活垃圾焚烧发电的在中国垃圾处理总量的占比逐年增加。但是在生活垃圾焚烧发电项目的建设过程中,容易出现工期延误、环境污染等问题。分析了垃圾焚烧发电项目的特点及其工程管理过程,针对这一过程中需要控制的要点以及注意事项进行了分析,给出了一些工程管理中的合理建议,为今后垃圾焚烧发电项目的工程管理优化提供了参考依据。     

Electrochemical NOx reduction and oxidation of HC and PM emissions from biodiesel fuelled diesel engines using electrochemically activated cell

NOx emission is produced during combustion of fuels at high temperature. Excessive release of NOx causes several effects on living organisms and environment. In this work, the efforts to reduce NOx emission by developing electrochemically activated cells (EACs) for a diesel engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel fuel are discussed. EAC technique is vital after treatment technology attempted in this work to simultaneous control of NOx, HC, and PM emissions. In this method, two types of EACs were developed. The CuO–YSZ electrolyte and CuO–YSZ electrolyte with BaO coating were developed and tested with diesel and biodiesel exhaust. Compared with diesel fuel, use of biodiesel fuel increased NOx emission by 11% and PM emission was slightly reduced with biodiesel, which was due to the presence of fuel bond oxygen content in biodiesel. The investigation has demonstrated low-temperature activation of the EACs at 250–350°C which was due to the addition of CuO to YSZ. In this work, maximum NOx reduction was achieved for CuO–YSZ cells with BaO NOx storage and the simultaneous control of HC and PM emission also was observed in this technique. NOx reduction by EAC is a vital technique and can be retrofitted with any diesel engine for emission reduction.     

固定源NO_x排放控制技术研究进展

有效控制固定源NOx排放是解决我国NOx污染的关键之一。本文论述了各种烟气脱硝技术的特点,主要讨论了其中应用最为广泛的NH3-SCR技术的研究进展,包括反应动力学、反应机理以及NH3-SCR的金属氧化物催化剂、分子筛类催化剂和碳基催化剂的研究现状。     

Household solid waste generation and characteristic in a Mekong Delta city,Vietnam

This study was undertaken to evaluate the quantity and composition of household solid waste to identify opportunities for waste recycling in Can Tho city, the capital city of the Mekong Delta region in southern Vietnam. Two-stage survey of 100 households was conducted for dry season and rainy season in 2009. Household solid waste was collected from each household and classified into 10 physical categories and 83 subcategories. The average household solid waste generation rate was 285.28 g per capita per day. The compostable and recyclable shares respectively accounted for 80.02% and 11.73%. The authors also analyzed the relations between some socioeconomic factors and household solid waste generation rates by physical categories and subcategories. The household solid waste generation rate per capita per day was positively correlated with the population density and urbanization level, although it was negatively correlated with the household size. The authors also developed mathematical models of correlations between the waste generation rates of main physical categories and relevant factors, such as household size and household income. The models were proposed by linear models with three variables to predict household solid waste generation of total waste, food waste, and plastic waste. It was shown that these correlations were weak and a relationship among variables existed. Comparisons of waste generation by physical compositions associated with different factors, such as seasonal and daily variation were conducted. Results presented that the significant average differences were found by the different seasons and by the different days in a week; although these correlations were weak. The greenhouse gas baseline emission was also calculated as 292.25 g (CO₂ eq.) per capita per day from biodegradable components.     

Control strategies for vehicular NOx emissions in Guangzhou, China

Guangzhou is a city in southern China that has experienced very rapid economic development in recent years. The city's air has very high concentrations of various pollutants, including sulphur dioxide (SO₂), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), ozone (O₃) and particulate. This paper reviews the changes in air quality in the city over the past 15 years, and notes that a serious vehicular-related emissions problem has been superimposed on the traditional coal-burning problem evident in most Chinese cities. As NOx concentrations have increased, oxidants and photochemical smog now interact with the traditional SO₂ and particulate pollutants, leading to increased health risks and other environmental concerns.
Any responsible NOx control strategy for the city must include vehicle emission control measures. This paper reviews control strategies designed to abate vehicle emissions to fulfill the city's air quality improvement target in 2010. A cost-effectiveness analysis suggests that, while NOx emission control is expensive, vehicular emission standards could achieve a relatively sizable emissions reduction at reasonable cost. To achieve the 2010 air quality target of NOx, advanced implementation of EURO3 standards is recommended, substituting for the EURO2 currently envisioned in the national regulations. Related technical options, including fuel quality improvements and inspection/maintenance (I/M) upgrades (ASM or IM240), are assessed as well.     

双回路热解炉垃圾焚烧NOx排放特性研究

本文利用双回路立式热解焚烧炉对某地区的垃圾进行试验研究,通过调节过量空气系数,一、二次风机的风量等参数,研究双回路热解炉垃圾焚烧NOx排放特性.结果表明：焚烧炉的二燃室温度能够达到850℃,烟气停留时间超过2秒,燃烧灰的热灼减率小于3％.随着引风机风量系数的增加,烟气中NOx的含量先增加后减少;二燃室的温度先升高后降低.     

水泥脱硝综合评估分析——以四川省某水泥企业为例

在分析四川省某水泥企业两条新型干法生产线分别采用低氮燃烧技术、SNCR烟气脱硝工程技术特点的基础上,评估了综合采用控制NO X措施后的运行效果,脱硝的经济技术可行性,并从NO X控制技术、环境管理、环境标准以及环境经济等方面提出相关的配套政策建议。     

燃煤工业锅炉氮氧化物的排放控制技术

燃煤工业锅炉的氮氧化物污染防治在我国尚处于起步阶段,需要从经济性、NOx脱除效率以及工程实现的难易程度等方面考虑,选取合适的NOx排放控制技术用于燃煤工业锅炉的改造,其中SNCR技术成本相对较低,以锅炉炉膛为反应器,可通过对锅炉的改造实现。研发低成本的低温或中温脱硝催化剂或者适应工业锅炉负荷变化的SNCR技术是关键。     

油漆渣焚烧酸性气体的控制分析

焚烧法能快速去除工业危险废物中的有毒有害成分,但产生的酸性气体如不进行严格控制会引起较严重的二次污染。本文通过对油漆渣的焚烧处理,分别改变温度、过剩空气系数、转轴转速、进料率来调节焚烧炉的运行环境,研究单一工况条件的变化对酸性气体(主要是NOx、SO2)产生的影响,找出适合控制酸性气体(NOx、SO2)产生的最佳工况点。