长庆油田采出水气浮除油工艺

通过分析长庆油田气浮处理工艺应用现状,分析了加压溶气气浮、布气气浮的转子碎气气浮和微孔布气气浮工艺特点:加压溶气气浮除油工艺处理效果较好;叶轮气浮布气提高了携带水中油的效率;微孔补气气浮要控制好喷嘴结构和气流速度;考虑探索一种新型气浮工艺,降低污油污泥含水率。     

石化公司含油污水预处理涡凹气浮系统的应用

介绍了涡凹气浮系统的基本原理、基本结构和基本参数,以及与溶气气浮相比具有的运行效果稳定、能耗低、操作方便等特点。某石油化工公司在传统隔油池后采用涡凹气浮系统作为生化处理的预处理工艺,并根据夏季和冬季涡凹气浮系统进水水质的波动性,采取一定的保养和维护措施以保证系统高效、稳定运行,取得了良好的经济效益、环境效益和社会效益。     

微气泡旋流气浮选设备的研究与应用

针对目前注聚油田污水处理流程存在的设备脏堵严重、处理不达标的问题,提出利用微气泡旋流气浮选设备进行含聚污水的处理。文中对微气泡旋流气浮选设备的原理、工艺流程进行阐述,通过联调,设备处理效果良好,除油率平均为86.12%,COD平均去除率20%,悬浮物去除率为94.7%,罐内浮选出污油泥自动导出,避免了设备的堵塞。     

KROFTA气浮装置在原理上的三大突破：浅池理论,零速原理,新溶气机理

本文针对代表气浮净水技术最新发展的ＫＲＯＦＴＡ气浮装置,对比着传统气浮装置,就池深,进出水扰动,溶气机理等方面进行了较为系统的理论总结和提高,对指导气浮净水装置的发展很有寿命。     

物化——生化工艺处理印染废水的研究

本文介绍了采用常用混凝剂对毛巾印染废水的脱色及有机物去除进行的试验探讨和混凝气浮工艺参数,并应用混凝气浮——生物转盘——气浮工艺处理毛巾印染废水取得了良好的处理效果。     

喷射浮选法在炼油污水处理中的应用

本文阐明了国内炼厂污水处理中喷射溶气浮选法的应用现状和处理水平,并以乌鲁木齐石油化工厂为例,概括了使用厂喷射系统的种类、喷射系统与流程的匹配、喷嘴的选择以及平稳操作的关键。通过比较,指出喷射浮选在四个方面优于传统气浮法。存在的主要问题是能耗较大,尚不够成熟,需要不断完善和提高,以利提高除油效果。由于加压溶气浮选法是去除废水中的油,悬附固体和胶体状物质的重要方法之一,因此     

新型处理技术在大港油田污水处理中的应用

为增强污水处理效果,缩短处理流程,通过对径向流核桃壳过滤器、高效流砂过滤器等多种技术原理介绍,同时结合现场实际应用情况进行分析,涡凹气浮+高效流砂过滤技术、径向流核桃壳过滤器、水力旋流器、复合式油水分离器数种新型污水处理技术在大港油田得到了应用,并取得了良好的处理效果。     

简单气浮选处理稠油污水

用蒸汽驱油开采稠油,污水不能回注,外排污水中石油类和悬浮物对环境造成污染。为解决这一问题,河南油田在引进设备的基础上,对稠油污水处理系统进行了改进,利用原有设备,增加了用简单气浮选装置处理稠油污水工艺,只需增加一台离心泵。该工艺投资少,运行可靠,效率高,适用性强。但要注意控制微气泡的大小等。     

大庆油田含聚污水微生物配套处理技术

针对常规污水处理技术难以达到处理要求的现状,大庆油田采用微生物技术处理含聚污水。文章介绍了工艺流程,分析了气浮除油、微生物反应、气浮固液分离、过滤等工艺的技术原理,微生物配套技术在试验站,1#、2#、3#含聚污水处理站的处理结果表明:出水中悬浮固体含量小于10mg/L,含油量小于10mg/L,达到SY/T 5329—2012《碎屑岩油藏注水水质指标及分析方法》的要求。2#含聚污水处理站的挂片显示:微生物挂膜饱满、肥大,微生物生长良好。该技术处理效果好、不引入二次污染物,且环保效益显著。     

气浮-UASB-接触氧化法处理高浓度化妆品废水实例

介绍了气浮 UASB 接触氧化工艺在LAS和COD浓度都较高的化妆品废水治理上的应用,该工艺自2003年12月投产运行至今处理效果稳定,COD处理效果良好。     

城镇化建设中乡村环境保护关键点分析

城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。     

Investigation of the toxicity of the products of decoloration of Amaranth by Trametes versicolor

Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application.     

随机规划在泵站树状给水管网优化中的应用

泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际.     

山东省环境经济系统地域分异研究

环境保护与经济发展相协调,是人类社会持续发展的必由之路.环境经济系统是由环境子系统和经济子系统耦合而成的复合大系统.在用系统论对环境经济系统进行结构分析的基础上,采用主成分分析法和加法合成原理,对山东省17地市环境经济系统进行综合分析和类型划分,并从地域差异角度提出了分区特点及今后的发展建议,以期为山东省环境经济系统高水平协调发展提供决策依据.     

资源丰度的定量计算

提出了一种通用的定量计算方法,即用规范化指数表示各地区的资源丰度,用“度”作为资源丰度的计量单位。指数表示法计算的资源丰度值实现了资源丰度在可比尺度上的综合评价。它概念明确,简单易行,具有可比性和可传递性,从理论和应用方面来说都具有许多优点。     

A method for prediction of extent of microbial pollution of seawater and carrying capacity of beaches

The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions.     

合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区的构成与演化

阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。     

高职院校环境专业就业情况调查——以中国环境管理干部学院2014届毕业生为例

采用资料收集、实地调研、调查问卷等方法,对环境保护领域人才需求情况以及岗位知识技能的要求、环境专业毕业生的就业意向进行调查和分析。结果表明,企业对高职环保人才需求量较大,环保人员应具备的素质以分析问题能力和沟通能力为主;高职院校环境专业毕业生对目前环境保护行业就业形势认识清楚,对就业单位的环保人才素质需求分析正确,但求职过程中存在目标设定偏高等问题,因此,从课程设置、教学方法和就业指导方面提出措施。     

Patterns of television viewing and of perceptions of hazards to life

A previous study using respondents in a London regional audience appreciation diary panel showed that links existed between overall amounts of the viewing of television recorded across one week and levels of perception of risk of three hazards to life, namely lightning, flooding and terrorist bomb attacks. With a fourth hazard, cancer, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between perceived risk level and amount of viewing. At the same time there were no relationships between amounts of viewing of news and documentary material and perceived risks of any of 12 hazards. Two new surveys were done, nearly three years after the previous one, asking people in widely different regions about their perceptions of nine various hazards, and linking these results with measures of attitudes towards certain adaptations of new technology (which could prove hazardous or beneficial according to points of view) and to patterns of television viewing. The two surveys agreed on a wide number of points with each other; they agreed with the previous study in finding no steady relationships between information programme viewing and hazard perception. Lightning and flooding were again related, this time more specifically with viewing of particular types of television programming. A new finding is that heavier viewing of television sport is associated with less perceived risk of cancer and of nuclear pollution. Interpretations are generally favoured along the lines of a selective process of viewers with certain predispositions choosing certain kinds of viewing patterns, rather than that programme contents provide an example for formulating perceptions and attitudes.