生物吸附法处理水体中的重金属的现状与展望

对生物吸附法处理水体中的重金属进行了综述，得出微生物对重金属表现出良好的吸附性能，吸附机理比较复杂，与离子交换有密切关系，常用吸附等温线评价微生物对重金属的吸附能力。由于该研究历史比较短，生物吸附的工艺应用、机理分析、生物固定化等研究还不够深入，有待进一步的研究探索，使其应用于工业生产。     

生物吸附法处理水体中的重金属的现状与展望

对生物吸附法处理水体中的重金属进行了分析，得出微生物对重金属表现出良好的吸附性能；吸附机理比较复杂，与离子交换有密切关系；常用吸附等温线评价微生物对重金属的吸附能力。由于研究的历史比较短，生物吸附的工艺应用、机理分析、生物粒化方面的研究还不够深入，有待进一步的研究，使其应用于工业生产。     

生物炭复合材料在土壤重金属污染修复领域的研究进展

当前，土壤重金属污染问题已成为了备受国内外关注的环境问题之一。相比于传统单一生物炭，生物炭复合材料具有循环利用性能更佳、吸附能力更强、修复选择性更广等优点，是一种稳定的、应用前景广的土壤重金属污染修复材料。系统性地综述了目前国内外生物炭改性优化方法以及吸附重金属相关机理，讨论了生物炭应用于土壤污染修复领域存在的潜在环境风险，进一步阐述总结了目前生物炭复合材料在土壤重金属污染修复方面的应用研究及其作用机制，以期为生物炭复合材料修复土壤重金属污染的可行性提供理论依据与支持。     

重金属废水生化处理技术的研究进展

处理重金属废水的传统方法在投资和运行费用上都较高，加之沉淀去除效果不太理想，近年来国内外进行了大量的生化法去除重金属的研究。本文介绍了生物吸附法、生物絮凝法、微生物代谢法和植物吸收法。生化法处理重金属废水，成本低，效益高，易管理，可回收重金属，有利于生态环境的改善，具有十分广阔的应用前号。     

生物吸附剂及其吸附性能研究进展

用微生物体来吸附水中的重金属是一项新兴的废水生物处理技术。藻类、细菌、真菌等是生物吸附剂的来源 ,它们对多种重金属都有较好的吸附去除效果。文章从细胞壁的结构特性概述了藻类、细菌、真菌等对重金属吸附的机理 ,介绍了它们的吸附性能     

重金属复合污染对土壤微生物的影响机制

目前对复合污染的研究是环境科学发展的重要方向之一。在综述重金属复合污染效应研究现状基础上,对重金属复合污染的机理以及重金属对土壤微生物活性、酶活性和土壤微生物群落的影响进行了探讨,并指出了在研究中存在的问题和发展方向。     

角蛋白基生物炭对废水中重金属Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附性能研究

对生活垃圾中废头发制备出的角蛋白基生物炭进行表面分析和吸附应用,为生活垃圾处理与资源化利用提供一种新思路新方法。通过对生物炭进行SEM电镜的分析和对含重金属Ni(Ⅱ)的废水进行吸附研究,确定出角蛋白基生物炭表面性能特征和对含重金属废水的动力学和热力学吸附模拟曲线。角蛋白基生物炭表面结构具有发达的微孔、中孔和大孔,对Ni(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学符合准二级动力学方程,以化学吸附占主导。Langmuir和Freundlich模型拟合曲线能较好的描述角蛋白基生物炭对Ni(Ⅱ)的等温吸附。得到的角蛋白基生物炭对含重金属Ni(Ⅱ)的废水具有吸附作用。为城市污泥堆肥应用、土壤有机碳含量的调整和大气污染物的吸附剂提供依据,具有一定的实际意义。     

壳聚糖吸附处理废水的研究进展

壳聚糖吸附处理废水的研究包括其对废水吸附性能和吸附机理的研究两个方面。壳聚糖表现出了良好的吸附废水中重金属离子、染料分子和其它易引起变异物质的能力;壳聚糖对金属离子和染料的吸附机理模型研究理论意义重大,它将进一步推动壳聚糖的实际工程应用。     

重金属污染及其生物治理技术

文章介绍了重金属的存在，生物效应及其污染危害，系统归纳了重金属污染的生物治理技术成果．阐明利用高等植物、天然水生态系统和微生物方面的相关技术在治理重金属污染上潜力巨大。     

生物吸附法处理含铀废水研究进展

生物吸附法处理含铀废水是新兴的研究领域。本文介绍了吸附铀的生物材料的来源以及影响吸附过程的各种因素，总结了生物吸附的机理、生物材料的改性和固定化、生物吸附的数学模型等方面的研究进展。     

生物吸附研究进展

生物吸附法是目前处理含金属废水的一种较有效的方法,特别是对于低浓度废水的处理优势明显。生物吸附法处理废水亦可达到以废治废的目的。本文就生物吸附领域目前研究状况进行了概述,主要包括了生物吸附剂对金属离子的吸附作用,生物吸附机理以及固定化吸附的应用研究。     

黄孢原毛平革菌吸附Cd2+和Zn2+的研究

利用黑曲霉常用液体培养基对黄孢原毛平革菌进行扩大培养，得到的菌丝球用于吸附废水中的Cd^2＋和Zn^2＋。本研究考察了初始pH、吸附时间以及共存离子对P．chrysosporium菌丝球吸附Cd^2＋和Zn^2＋的影响。在相同的实验条件下，研究重金属溶液初始浓度对吸附的影响发现其吸附曲线呈L2型，对重金属终浓度以及吸附量进行线性转换，发现Langmuir和Freundlich吸附模型能较好的描述P．chrysosporium菌丝球对Cd^2＋和Zn^2＋的吸附。将P．chrysosporium吸附Zn^2＋和Cd^2＋前后的红外光谱图作比较，发现P．chrysosporium吸附Zn^2＋和Cd^2＋后的主要成分和结构保持完整，3302cm^-1叫峰位分别移动61cm^-1和94cm^-1。     

Biosorption of Cu and Zn from aqueous solutions by dried marine green macroalga Chaetomorpha linum

The biosorption of the heavy metals Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ by dried marine green macroalga (Chaetomorpha linum) was investigated. The biosorption capacities of the dried alga for copper and zinc were studied at different solution pH values (2–6), different algal particle sizes (100–800 μm) and different initial metal solution concentrations (0.5–10 mM). An optimum pH value of 5 was found suitable for both metal ions biosorption for both metal ions. At the optimum particle size (100–315 μm), biosorbent dosage (20 g/l) and initial solution pH (pH 5), the dried alga produced maximum copper and zinc uptakes values (q_max) of 1.46 and 1.97 mmol/g respectively (according to the Langmuir model). The kinetic data obtained at different initial metal concentrations indicated that the biosorption rate was fast and most of the process was completed within 120 min. This study illustrated an alternative technique for the management of unwanted biological materials using processed algal material. C. linum is one of the fast-growing marine algae in the lake of Tunis and could be utilized as a biosorbent for the treatment of Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ contaminated wastewater streams.     

Equilibrium and kinetic studies on biosorption of Hg(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions onto microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

The microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was used for the biosorption of Hg(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions. The maximum adsorption of Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii biomass was observed at pH 6.0 and the corresponding value for Pb(II) ions was 5.0. The biosorption of Hg(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions by microalgae biomass increased as the initial concentration of Hg(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions increased in the biosorption medium. The maximum biosorption capacities of microalgae for Hg(II), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions were 72.2+/-0.67, 42.6+/-0.54 and 96.3+/-0.86 mg/g dry biomass, respectively. The affinity order for algal biomass was Pb(II)>Hg(II)>Cd(II). FT-IR analysis of algal biomass revealed the presence of amino, carboxyl, hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, which were responsible for biosorption of metal ions. Biosorption equilibrium was established in about 60 min and the equilibrium was well described by the Freundlich biosorption isotherms. Temperature change in the range of 5-35 degrees C did not affect the biosorption capacity. The microalgae could be regenerated using 0.1 M HCl, with up to 98% recovery, which allowed the reuse of the biomass in six biosorption-desorption cycles without any considerable loss of biosorption capacity.     

Remediation technologies for heavy metal contaminated groundwater

The contamination of groundwater by heavy metal, originating either from natural soil sources or from anthropogenic sources is a matter of utmost concern to the public health. Remediation of contaminated groundwater is of highest priority since billions of people all over the world use it for drinking purpose. In this paper, thirty five approaches for groundwater treatment have been reviewed and classified under three large categories viz chemical, biochemical/biological/biosorption and physico-chemical treatment processes. Comparison tables have been provided at the end of each process for a better understanding of each category. Selection of a suitable technology for contamination remediation at a particular site is one of the most challenging job due to extremely complex soil chemistry and aquifer characteristics and no thumb-rule can be suggested regarding this issue. In the past decade, iron based technologies, microbial remediation, biological sulphate reduction and various adsorbents played versatile and efficient remediation roles. Keeping the sustainability issues and environmental ethics in mind, the technologies encompassing natural chemistry, bioremediation and biosorption are recommended to be adopted in appropriate cases. In many places, two or more techniques can work synergistically for better results. Processes such as chelate extraction and chemical soil washings are advisable only for recovery of valuable metals in highly contaminated industrial sites depending on economical feasibility.     

有机物生物吸附研究进展

生物吸附是有效处理难降解有机物的技术之一。本文从生物吸附的概念、生物吸附过程、吸附剂的制备及再生、生物吸附影响因素等方面进行了综述，同时阐述了生物吸附有机物的技术研究进展和应用前景展望。     

重金属废水处理技术研究进展

总结近年来重金属废水主要处理技术,指出重金属废水污染治理与重金属的回收利用相结合是未来治理的发展之路,也是技术开发与应用的方向。     

Biosorption of copper(II) and lead(II) onto potassium hydroxide treated pine cone powder

Pine cone powder surface was treated with potassium hydroxide and applied for copper(II) and lead(II) removal from solution. Isotherm experiments and desorption tests were conducted and kinetic analysis was performed with increasing temperatures.As solution pH increased, the biosorption capacity and the change in hydrogen ion concentration in solution increased. The change in hydrogen ion concentration for lead(II) biosorption was slightly higher than for copper(II) biosorption. The results revealed that ion-exchange is the main mechanism for biosorption for both metal ions. The pseudo-first order kinetic model was unable to describe the biosorption process throughout the effective biosorption period while the modified pseudo-first order kinetics gave a better fit but could not predict the experimentally observed equilibrium capacities. The pseudo-second order kinetics gave a better fit to the experimental data over the temperature range from 291 to 347 K and the equilibrium capacity increased from 15.73 to 19.22 mg g^?1 for copper(II) and from 23.74 to 26.27 for lead(II).Activation energy was higher for lead(II) (22.40 kJ mol^?1) than for copper(II) (20.36 kJ mol^?1). The free energy of activation was higher for lead(II) than for copper(II) and the values of ΔH* and ΔS* indicate that the contribution of reorientation to the activation stage is higher for lead(II) than copper(II). This implies that lead(II) biosorption is more spontaneous than copper(II) biosorption.Equilibrium studies showed that the Langmuir isotherm gave a better fit for the equilibrium data indicating monolayer coverage of the biosorbent surface. There was only a small interaction between metal ions when simultaneously biosorbed and cation competition was higher for the Cu-Pb system than for the Pb-Cu system. Desorption studies and the Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherm and energy parameter, E, also support the ion-exchange mechanism.