高级氧化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用

垃圾渗滤液是一种成分非常复杂的高浓度有机废水.本文介绍了高级氧化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用现状.主要包括Fenton氧化法、光化学催化氧化法、湿式氧化法、臭氧氧化法、超声氧化法、电化学氧化法、超临界水氧化法及等离子体技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用,分析了高级氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液的原理,探讨了它们的优缺点,并对高级氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液应用的未来发展进行了展望.     

Fenton及类Fenton法氧化垃圾渗滤液研究进展

综述了Fenton与类Fenton氧化垃圾渗滤液的研究进展。Fenton法对垃圾渗滤液中难去除有机物尤其是腐殖酸有良好的降解效果。引入光、电、微波、超声波等的类Fenton法减少了药剂用量,提升了去除效果,非均相Fenton实现了催化剂的循环使用。并对Fenton及类Fenton法处理垃圾渗滤液的研究方向进行了展望。     

电解法处理城市生活垃圾渗滤液的研究

本文采用电解氧化法对垃圾渗滤液进行了预处理和深度处理研究.实验结果表明:电解氧化过程中,NH3-N优先于COD被氧化去除.当电流密度较小时,用电解法对垃圾渗滤液进行预处理,垃圾渗滤液中COD、NH3-N的去除效率很低,增大电流密度有助于增强电解效果,当电流密度为50.0mA/cm2时,电解5小时COD去除50%,氨氮去除100%.用电解法对垃圾渗滤液进行深度处理,电流密度较小时,渗滤液中COD、NH3-N即可呈现稳定降解的趋势.     

高级氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤液的研究进展

本文介绍了包括化学氧化法、电化学氧化法、光催化氧化法、超声氧化法、辐照氧化法和催化湿式氧化法等在内的高级氧化技术的机理和运用于垃圾渗滤液处理的研究进展,并提出高级氧化技术与生物处理联合运用和各种高级氧化工艺之间的优化组合将是实现高级氧化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中工程化运用的发展方向.     

Fenton氧化技术处理垃圾渗滤中有机污染物的研究进展

传统渗滤液处理工艺对渗滤液中新兴污染物去除效率较低,处理后外排的渗滤液会给生态环境带来较大的风险。综述了渗滤液中新兴污染物的分布特征,阐释了Fenton工艺对有机污染物的去除原理与效率。综述了类Fenton和耦合Fenton工艺的应用与发展及对有机污染物降解效率的影响。认为生物电Fenton氧化性较强,无需外加电源,与其他Fenton法相比,具有较好应用前景。     

紫外光催化氧化-原子吸收分光光度法测定垃圾渗滤液中重金属的研究

本文采用二氧化钛为催化剂，通过使用光催化氧化的消解方法对垃圾渗滤液样品进行前处理，再用原子吸收分光光度法测定垃圾渗滤液中的重金属，并与常用消解方法进行对比，探讨了紫外光照射时间、紫外灯功率、H2O2的用量等因素对消解效果所产生的影响，选取了消解垃圾渗滤液的最佳条件，讨论了方法的准确度与精密度。     

钻井固废渗滤液的处理研究

针对油气田钻井产生大量固体废物渗滤液的问题,利用化学混凝沉降+氧化还原法对固废渗滤液的处理进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:经过调整渗滤液pH值,加入聚合氯化铝铁及助凝剂PAM,进行絮凝沉降,再用芬顿试剂和氯酸钠氧化,可以处理高浓度废水,特别是对CODCr、色度等指标获得有效去除,达到GB8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级指标。     

催化湿法氧化处理垃圾渗滤液的经济性初步分析

根据催化湿法氧化处理垃圾渗滤液的小试工艺条件以及实验参数，初步估算了该工艺的投资费用和运行费用，并与其它处理工艺进行了比较，结果显示，催化湿法氧化工艺处理垃圾渗滤液具有良好的应用价值。     

垃圾渗滤液的臭氧处理

由于垃圾渗滤液具有复杂的水质特征，所以垃圾渗滤液的臭氧处理是十分必要的。本文介绍了基于臭氧的垃圾渗滤液处理技术的研究和应用现状，以及臭氧处理单元的发展和先进的臭氧化反应系统。总结了垃圾渗滤液臭氧处理的优缺点，预测了这一技术的发展趋势。     

生物反应器填埋场渗滤液及其处理对策

根据垃圾的降解和稳定机理分析了生物反应器填埋场渗滤液的动态变化规律，并对其处理对策进行了探讨。生物反应器填埋场前期产生的渗滤液可全部回灌，后期再根据实际情况排放处理部分过量的渗滤液。在对渗滤液水量和水质全面直观认识后，再对生物反应器填埋场渗滤液处理工艺进行针对性的选择和设计，并宜采用物化法处理方式。     

垃圾渗滤液中氨氮去除技术评价及应用

垃圾卫生填埋过程中会产生有毒有害的垃圾渗滤液。垃圾渗滤液中的高氨氮对环境及后续生物处理过程造成了严重的影响。本文介绍了几种去除垃圾渗滤液氨氮的技术,并对这些技术进行了评估,分析了这些技术工程应用的特点,同时指出了垃圾渗滤液中氨氮去除技术工程应用的发展方向。     

Microfiltration of pretreated sanitary landfill leachate

A laboratory study using a bench scale model of two units operation involving coagulation process with Moringa oleifera seeds extract as a coagulant and filtration process using hollow fibre microfiltration membrane, was adopted to treat Air Hitam Sanitary Landfill leachate in Puchong, Malaysia. The performance of the microfiltration membrane in pretreated sanitary landfill leachate treatment was investigated through a continuous process. The leachate sample was passed through conventional coagulation process before being filtered through a hollow fibre microfiltration membrane of 0.1 μm surface pores. The hollow fibre microfiltration membrane decreased the turbidity, colour, total suspended solids, total dissolved solids and volatile suspended solids in the leachate by 98.30, 90.30, 99.63, 14.71 and 20%, respectively. The results showed that microfiltration is capable of removing high percentage of solids from leachate and might be considered as a polishing stage after on-site biological treatment for sanitary landfill leachate.     

生物酶催化技术在垃圾渗滤液处理中的应用

针对垃圾渗滤液的特性及目前处理工艺普遍无法达标的问题,提出应用生物酶催化技术处理垃圾渗滤液的方法,可以高效迅速降解污染物,提高污染物去除效率,减少投资及处理费用,为垃圾渗滤液处理的技术升级与工艺探索提供新思路。     

粪渣污泥上清液和填埋场渗滤液混合处理工程分析

针对深圳市的情况,提出将粪渣污泥脱水上清液和玉龙坑垃圾填埋场渗滤液进行混合处理的工程方案。经过比较,推荐上清液和渗滤液混合废水的处理采用ＵＡＳＢ和好氧生物处理工艺,脱水粪渣和剩余污泥的处理则采用高温好氧堆肥的方案,使排放出水达到排放标准的要求下,做到了污泥的资源化利用,工程和运行管理方面也是可行的。     

Quality and Quantity of Leachate in Aerobic Pilot-Scale Landfills

In this study, two pilot-scale aerobic landfill reactors with (A1) and without (A2) leachate recirculation are used to obtain detailed information on the quantity and quality of leachate in aerobic landfills. The observed parameters of leachate quality are pH, chloride (Cl⁻), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N), and nitrate (NO₃^–-N). pH values of the leachate increased to 7 after 50 days in reactor A1 and after 70 days in reactor A2. Cl⁻ concentrations increased rapidly to 6100 (A1) and 6900 (A2) mg/L after 80 days, from initial values of 3000 and 2800 mg/L, respectively. COD and BOD values decreased rapidly in the A1 landfill reactor, indicating the rapid oxidation of organic matter. The BOD/COD ratio indicates that leachate recirculation slightly increases the degradation of solid waste in aerobic landfills. NH₃-N concentrations decreased as a result of the nitrification process. Denitrification occurred in parts of the reactors as a result of intermittent aeration; this process causes a decrease in NO₃⁻ concentrations. There is a marked difference between the A1 and A2 reactors in terms of leachate quantity. Recirculated leachate made up 53.3% of the leachate generated from the A1 reactor during the experiment, while leachate quantity decreased by 47.3% with recirculation when compared with the aerobic dry landfill reactor.     

Environmental and economic assessment of combined biostabilization and landfill for municipal solid waste

Biostabilization can remove considerable amounts of moisture and degradable organic materials from municipal solid waste (MSW), and can therefore be an effective form of pretreatment prior to landfill. The environmental and economic impacts of two combined processes, active stage biostabilization + sanitary landfill (AL), and active and curing stage biostabilization + sanitary landfill (ACL), were compared with sanitary landfill (SL) for MSW with high moisture content. The results indicated that land requirement, leachate generation, and CH(4) emission in the ACL process decreased by 68.6%, 89.1%, and 87.6%, respectively, and the total cost was reduced by 24.1%, compared with SL. This implies that a combined biostabilization and landfill process can be an environmentally friendly and economically feasible alternative to landfill of raw MSW with high moisture content. Sensitivity analysis revealed that treatment capacity and construction costs of biostabilization and the oxidation factor of CH(4) significantly influenced the costs and benefits of the AL and ACL process at an extremely low land price. When the land price was greater than 100 USD m(-2), it became the dominating factor in determining the cost of treatment and disposal, and the total costs of ACL were reduced to less than 40% of those of SL.     

基于碟管式反渗透处理垃圾渗滤液的应用分析

为了在达标排放的基础上降低建设规模为Ⅲ类、Ⅳ类型(中小型)垃圾填埋场处理垃圾渗滤液的人工及成本投入,提高系统稳定性,分析了泗县垃圾填埋场2018年3~12月渗滤液处理的运行状况。通过采用“预处理+两级碟管式反渗透+吹脱”的高度自动化工艺对垃圾渗滤液进行处理。结果表明:使用该系统处理后出水COD_Cr浓度低于26mg/L,NH3-N浓度低于15mg/L,各项出水指标均满足排放标准的要求,系统自动化程度高、稳定性好、且工程总投入834万元、运行期间处理每吨渗滤液花费为56.18元,成本较低适用性好。