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国内各部在制订有关标准时,对我国电工电子产品地面使用环境条件作了大量的工作,为制订国标“地面设备使用环境条件”打下了基础.本文仅对IEC/TC75提出的环境条件标准草案进行分析.作者对如何制订我国电工电子产品地面使用环境条件标准的有关问题,谈点看法. 相似文献
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《环境技术》2001,(1)
序号国家标准编号国 家 标 准 名 称1GB 1180 4 - 89电工电子产品环境条件术语2GB 4 796 - 87电工电子产品环境参数分类及其严酷程度分级3GB 4 797.1- 84电工电子产品自然环境条件 温度和湿度4GB 4 797.2 - 86电工电子产品自然环境条件 海拔与气压、水深与水压5GB 4 797.3- 86电工电子产品自然环境条件 生物6GB 4 797.4 - 89电工电子产品自然环境条件 太阳辐射与温度7GB/T 4 797.5- 92电工电子产品自然环境条件 降水与风8GB/T 4 797.6 - 1995电工电子产品自然环境条件 尘、沙、盐雾9GB 4 798.1- 8… 相似文献
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本文论述了低气压环境对产品性能的影响。介绍了有关国家标准,及这些标准的应用条件。特别指出在低气压环境中,电工电子产品受到的影响与损害。本文最后强调了环境条件与试验的标准化工作的重要性。 相似文献
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高原环境用机械产品环境防护措施初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为提高产品在高原环境下使用的环境适应性和可靠性,本文介绍了在高原环境条件下使用的电工产品及机械产品应采取的一些较实用的防护技术措施,供有关人员参考。 相似文献
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电工电子产品陷入火灾后所产生的腐蚀性燃烧产物,可能会对电路和电工电子元器件的性能造成不同程度的损坏,使设备出现故障。测量和评估燃烧产物的腐蚀损坏效应对于保证与安全有关的电工电子设备正常运行是十分必要的。 相似文献
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Limiting the impact of light pollution on human health, environment and stellar visibility 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Falchi F Cinzano P Elvidge CD Keith DM Haim A 《Journal of environmental management》2011,92(10):2714-2722
Light pollution is one of the most rapidly increasing types of environmental degradation. Its levels have been growing exponentially over the natural nocturnal lighting levels provided by starlight and moonlight. To limit this pollution several effective practices have been defined: the use of shielding on lighting fixture to prevent direct upward light, particularly at low angles above the horizon; no over lighting, i.e. avoid using higher lighting levels than strictly needed for the task, constraining illumination to the area where it is needed and the time it will be used. Nevertheless, even after the best control of the light distribution is reached and when the proper quantity of light is used, some upward light emission remains, due to reflections from the lit surfaces and atmospheric scatter. The environmental impact of this "residual light pollution", cannot be neglected and should be limited too. Here we propose a new way to limit the effects of this residual light pollution on wildlife, human health and stellar visibility. We performed analysis of the spectra of common types of lamps for external use, including the new LEDs. We evaluated their emissions relative to the spectral response functions of human eye photoreceptors, in the photopic, scotopic and the 'meltopic' melatonin suppressing bands. We found that the amount of pollution is strongly dependent on the spectral characteristics of the lamps, with the more environmentally friendly lamps being low pressure sodium, followed by high pressure sodium. Most polluting are the lamps with a strong blue emission, like Metal Halide and white LEDs. Migration from the now widely used sodium lamps to white lamps (MH and LEDs) would produce an increase of pollution in the scotopic and melatonin suppression bands of more than five times the present levels, supposing the same photopic installed flux. This increase will exacerbate known and possible unknown effects of light pollution on human health, environment and on visual perception of the Universe by humans. We present quantitative criteria to evaluate the lamps based on their spectral emissions and we suggest regulatory limits for future lighting. 相似文献
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结合我国环境条件的特点,分析了环境条件(如:高温、低温、低气压等)对电工电子产品安全性能产生的影响,并提出了解决此问题的建议。 相似文献
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结合第一次全国污染源普查的统计数据,本文利用等标污染负荷法对深圳市35个二级行业排放的12种污染物进行评价,结果表明,深圳市54.90%的工业污染源分布在通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业,金属制品业,塑料制品业,专用设备制造业,电气机械及器材制造业这5个行业中;深圳市二级行业的等标污染负荷最大的5个行业为:金属制品业〉通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业〉电气机械及器材制造业〉塑料制品业〉仪器仪表及文化、办公用机械制造业,这5个行业中最严重的污染物均为氰化物;工业污染源排放的12种污染物中,最严重的5种污染物为:氰化物〉六价铬〉总铬〉汞〉铅,其中氰化物、六价铬、总铬这3种污染物中最严重的污染行业均为金属制品业,汞、铅这两种污染物中最严重的污染行业均为通信设备、计算机及其他电子设备制造业。 相似文献
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One of the objectives of US environmental regulations was to reduce industrial air pollution emissions, especially from the
electric utility industry, the major industrial air polluter. In this study, a comparative analysis of air pollution emissions
from fossil-fuel-burning electric utility plants is conducted. The analysis focuses on a 12-yr period from 1975 to 1987 for
three air pollutants: particulates, surfur dioxide, and nitrogen oxides.
The results indicate that particulate emissions have been significantly reduced but that sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides
are still major problems for a number of plants. Furthermore, the disparity in the performance by plants indicates that by
using current technology, the industry as a whole could greatly reduce these emissions. These results have policy implication
for future environmental legislation. 相似文献
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高加速寿命应力试验(HALT),是一种通过施加阶梯强化应力于试品,达到快速发现产品潜在缺陷,操作设计边际及结构强度极限的试验方法,主要应用于产品研发设计阶段。由于该方法效果明显,目前已越来越多的电子电气产品制造商认可并推广使用,成为研发设计工程师提高产品可靠性的重要试验手段。本文简要介绍HALT试验的目的,并结合实际,探讨了HALT试验设备的关键性能指标。另外,基于日常实践经验,重点分析和讨论了HALT试验过程中应该关注的一些技术处置措施,从而帮助测试人员正确执行HALT。 相似文献