用清洁生产的理念防治农业污染的初步探讨

农业发展面临的农业污染问题,已成为制约农业可持续发展的＂瓶颈＂.农业污染问题已经成为影响农村经济发展,以及农村社会和谐发展的重要因素之一.在论述农业清洁生产涵义的基础上,探讨了农业清洁生产防治农业污染问题.以新疆绿洲农业为例,论述了农业污染现状及发展农业清洁生产的必要性,分析探讨了发展农业清洁生产存在的问题和障碍,并提出了对策和建议.     

关于发展湖北省循环农业的思考

改革开放以来，湖北省农业发展取得了显著成效，但农业生产方式仍以落后、粗放、资源消耗型为主，加之湖北省农业资源短缺且浪费严重，严重制约了农业的可持续发展。面对制约湖北省农业可持续发展的种种问题，农业发展方式的改革与升级成为必然。系统概述了循环农业的兴起及其概念、特点，并根据湖北省的实际情况，阐述了循环农业发展的必要性和可行性，提出了湖北发展循环农业的战略思想和办法措施，以促进湖北循环农业的发展。     

农业非点源污染研究进展和趋势

根据国内外农业非点源污染研究现状,本文在探讨农业非点源污染内涵及其特征的基础上,简要总结了农业非点源污染负荷的估算模型,列举区域农业非点源污染风险评估的手段和方法,从不同角度归纳了农业非点源污染的控制技术,并提出了近期农业非点源污染急需研究的热点和趋势,以期为进一步的农业非点源污染管理和控制提供参考。     

四川生态旅游农业模式及其可持续发展之浅见

本文论述了生态旅游农业的特点和四川发展生态旅游农业的优势和意义,归纳了四川生态旅游农业的几种模式,并对四川生态旅游农业可持续发展提出了几点浅见。     

恩施市发展循环农业的思考

循环农业作为一种新的农业发展方式,可促进资源的有效利用,实现农业和相关产业的迅速发展.恩施市是一个以山地为主的农业城市,发展循环农业的意义重大.分析了恩施市发展循环农业的必要性以及有利因素和制约因素,提出了发展循环农业的相关对策建议.     

发展农业循环经济 推进农村节能减排——洛阳市发展循环农业的现状与对策

农业循环经济是以循环经济理论来发展农业生产,通过调整和优化农业生态系统内部结构及产业结构,提高农业生态系统物质和能量的多级循环利用,严格控制外部有害物质的投入和农业废弃物的产生,达到农业和农村节能减排的目的,实现生态保护与农业发展良性循环的农业经济发展模式。本文通过对洛阳市发展农业循环经济的成效、做法和存在问题分析,指出农业循环经济对节能减排的作用,提出了今后农业循环经济发展对策。     

生态文明与农业发展

农业作为国民经济的基础,是生态文明的重要内容,其文明程度直接体现生态文明程度.生态文明建设给农业经营提出了更高的要求,也为农业生产的发展指明了方向.充分认识生态文明建设与农业生产的关系,加强农业相关人员的生态文明教育和农业环保法制建设,实施更加科学、文明的农业经营方式将对促进农业的可持续发展和生态文明建设发挥积极的作用.     

可持续农业指标体系研究

如何评判农业可持续发展水平,是可持续农业研究的一个重要方面。本文论述了可持续农业评判的指导思想和原则,提出了相应的评判指标体系,使国家和政府在建设和发展可持续农业进程中确定优先考虑的问题,同时提供给决策者和公众一个了解和认识可持续农业进程的有效信息。     

贵州喀斯特山区循环农业模式的实践与探讨

结合贵州喀斯特山区农业和农村发展的资源环境约束的实际情况,阐明了推广循环农业模式是实现其农业和农村可持续发展的必然选择,并提出了循环农业的几种备选模式和推进这种农业新模式的政策措施。     

我国的农业面源污染及改善对策探讨

阐述了农业面源污染的主要来源及危害,指出农业面源污染是当前农业可持续发展的主要障碍之一。由于我国农村过量和不合理地使用农药、化肥、地膜等,造成了农业面源不同程度的污染,给农业生产和农民生活带来了隐患,直接关系到农业可持续发展,应该采取有效措施加以解决。     

四川省农业环境影响及发展循环经济模式初探

四川省是农业大省，农业可持续发展对其经济发展具有重要意义，四川省的农业对环境的影响源于种植业和养殖业两方面。针对四川省农业的特点，本文提出四川省发展农业循环经济模式的思路及对策。     

大渡河干热河谷农业环境资源的开发模式

大渡河干热河谷光、热资源充裕,雨、热同期,主、支流(沟)纵横交错,为农业灌溉提供了水源;经济林木资源优势相对突出,农业环境资源立体层次丰富。因此,本文提出了开发大渡河干热河谷农业环境资源的4种模式。     

昌吉州番茄企业环境污染现状调查及防治措施分析

随着昌吉州经济的快速发展,特别是农业优势资源转换战略的实施,农副产品加工业已成为昌吉州经济增长的支柱产业之一,为提高昌吉州农业产值、增加农民收入做出了贡献。但在提升昌吉州经济实力的同时,也对环境造成了一定的负面影响。从昌吉州番茄企业现状和污染状况等方面对昌吉州番茄企业存在的环境问题及环保治理设施建设和运行的经济可行性进行分析,并就番茄企业生产对废水的综合治理提出了方法措施。     

我国发展低碳农业的主要措施研究

在全球气候变暖和能源危机的背景下,农业是温室气体主要排放源之一,低碳农业作为应对气候变化的农业行动,越来越受到人们的重视。低碳农业的目标是减缓温室气体,实现高效率、低能耗、低排放、高碳汇的高效农业。在推动我国低碳农业发展的措施方面,总结起来主要包括减少碳排放、增加碳汇和采用其他相应的技术措施相结合。也就是通过一系列相应的技术措施和基础设施建设,减少温室气体总量排放的同时,增加耕地、草地和林地吸收二氧化碳的量,从而实现低碳农业的可持续发展。     

The metaphysical transition in farming: From the newtonian-mechanical to the eltonian ecological

Modern agriculture is subject to a metaphysical as well as an ethical critique. As a casual review of the beliefs associated with food production in the past suggests, modern agriculture is embedded in and informed by the prevailing modern world view, Newtonian Mechanics, which is bankrupt as a scientific paradigm and unsustainable as an agricultural motif. A new holistic, organic world view is emerging from ecology and the new physics marked by four general conceptual features: Each level of organization from atoms to ecosystems (1) exhibits emergent properties, (2) exerts downward causation from whole to part, (3) is a systemically integrated whole, (4) the parts of which are internally related. Organic agriculture has been favourably compared with industrial agriculture by the United States National Academy of Science's Board on Agriculture. Aldo Leopold was among the first to criticize industrial agriculture and to envision a new motif for agriculture informed by ecology. A future post-modern ecological agriculture will help to solve the ethical problems engendered by modern mechanical agriculture.     

Ethics,ecology and development: Styles of ethics and styles of agriculture

This paper proposes to test the ethical acceptability of four styles of agricultural resource management: (1) contemporary industrial integrated systems agriculture, (2) modern industrial input dependent agriculture, (3) continuous traditional agriculture and (4) non-continuous (or swidden) traditional agriculture. The test of ethical acceptability is whether or not these styles of agricultural resource management embrace or are even compatible with that pattern of practical reasoning and interaction among ethical agents which we have independent theoretic grounds for preferring. The preferred sorts of practical reasoning and interaction are those which we find operating in ethical theories which are strongly committed to letting the discretion of ethical agents construct what is right for them to do. Thus the discussion distinguishes several different strengths of constructivist ethics relating them to the work of John Rawls, Immanuel Kant and Onora O'Neill. Then it argues for the theoretic preferability of one particular strength of constructivist ethic. The paper winds up by arguing that only traditional continuous agriculture embodies the preferred sort of practical reasoning and interaction among ethical agents. Further, I argue that this is the only style of agriculture which can embody such reasoning and patterns of interaction. Thus, as we consider the role of agriculture in our plans of international development, we have one reason to try to favor traditional continuous agriculture. To do otherwise would ignore the ethical superiority of the practical reasoning and patterns of interaction of traditional agriculturalists.     

湖北省荒山荒地资源开发利用的原则和方向

荒山荒地是我省农业的重要后备，本文将主要探讨这部分资源的开发利用及其原则和方向，为发展农业寻求新的途径与措施。     

Measurement of the scarcity of soil in agriculture

The paper defines the concept of land degradation and costs and effects of soil erosion. Through the concept of optimal levels of soil erosion, a conceptual model of the social costs of soil degradation is elaborated. The discussion focuses on the measurement aspects of the economic scarcity of soil in the agriculture sector. Reliable estimates of the true impacts of soil degradation can only be made if data on marginal damage costs and marginal conservation costs are available. The different scarcity indicators are evaluated and competitive land rental prices are considered as appropriate in indicating soil scarcity in agriculture.     

秦皇岛市农业可持续发展研究

本文首先分析了可持续农业的基本理论,然后对秦皇岛市农业可持续发展面临的主要问题进行了较为深入的分析,在此基础上提出了秦皇岛市农业可持续发展的主要措施。     

The Ethical Values in the U.S. Agricultural and Food System

Many segments of society have systems of values arising from collective beliefs and motivations. For agriculture, and our food system, increasing production to feed the growing human population clearly is a core value. However, a survey we conducted, together with a previously reported survey, showed that the curricula of most U.S. colleges of agriculture do not offer ethics courses that examine the basis of this core value or include discussion of agriculture’s ethical dilemmas such as misuse of pesticides, not progressing rapidly enough toward sustainability goals, relative lack of involvement in addressing diet-related health issues, and lack of commitment to reducing agriculture’s role as a contributor to global climate change. These surveys provide strong evidence that few students have an opportunity to learn ethical concepts and apply them to issues of importance to the agriculture/food system. We suggest that such issues are both growing societal concerns and serious ethical problems that demand attention if our agricultural/food system is not see its relationship with the public further imperiled. Further, we suggest that there is a need for, indeed an obligation of, the faculty of colleges of agriculture to embrace a thorough analysis and discussion of agriculture’s values and their ethical foundation. We offer our thoughts on why curricula of colleges of agriculture do not provide such opportunities and on the importance of agricultural faculties providing leadership in ethical analysis and discussion.